JERUSALEM EXPLORED

BEING

A Description of the Ancient and Modern City.

Cambridge:

PRINTED BY C. J. CLAY, M.A.
AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS.

JERUSALEM EXPLORED

BEING

A Description of the Ancient and Modern City,

WITH NUMEROUS ILLUSTRATIONS
CONSISTING OF VIEWS, GROUND PLANS, AND SECTIONS,

BY ERMETE PIEROTTI,

DOCTOR OF MATHEMATICS, AND ARCHITECT-ENGINEER, CIVIL AND MILITARY, TO HIS EXCELLENCY SURRAYA PASHA OF JERUSALEM.

TRANSLATED BY

THOMAS GEORGE BONNEY, M.A., F.G.S.

FELLOW OF ST JOHN'S COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE.

VOLUME II.—PLATES.

LONDON: BELL AND DALDY, FLEET STREET.
CAMBRIDGE: DEIGHTON, BELL, AND CO.

M.DCCC.LXIV.

[The right of Translation is reserved.]

CONTENTS. PLATE I. PANORAMA OF JERUSALEM, SEEN FROM THE MOUNT OF OLIVES. II. PLAN OF MODERN JERUSALEM. III. PLAN OF ANCIENT JERUSALEM. IV. FOUR SECTIONS OF ANCIENT JERUSALEM, SHEWING THE UNDERGROUND CONSTRUCTIONS IN COMPARISON WITH THE PRESENT LEVEL OF THE CITY. V. ANCIENT CITADEL OF THE JEBUSITES, AFTERWARDS THAT OF DAVID, THEN THAT OF THE PISANS. THE JAFFA GATE. VI. THE TOWERS PHASÆLUS AND MARIAMNE. THE TOWER HIPPICUS IS CONCEALED BY PHASÆLUS. VII. GATE OF DAMASCUS. VIII. VIEWS OF THE ROYAL CAVERNS, AND OF THE GROTTO OF JEREMIAH. IX. PLANS AND SECTIONS OF THE ROYAL CAVERNS, AND OF THE GROTTO OF JEREMIAH. X. DETAILS OF ANCIENT MASONRY—OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF ANCIENT CONDUITS—OF THE POOLS—OF THE WELL OF JOAB, AND OF SOLOMON'S RESERVOIRS AT ETHAM. XI. THE HARAM ES-SHERIF. XII. PLAN OF LAND BELONGING TO THE DAUGHTERS OF SION, AND OF THE SUBTERRANEAN PASSAGE COMMUNICATING WITH MORIAH, DISCOVERED BY PIEROTTI—SECTIONS RELATING TO THIS LAND AND TO MOUNT MORIAH. XIII. VIEW OF THE ARCH OF THE ECCE-HOMO, WITH THE SMALLER ARCH TO THE NORTH, DISCOVERED BY PIEROTTI. XIV. VIEW OF THE BARRACK OF THE HARAM ES-SHERIF. XV. REMAINS OF ANCIENT MASONRY, CALLED THE RUINS OF THE TOWER ANTONIA. XVI. VIEW OF THE POOL OF BETHESDA. XVII. ANCIENT JEWISH WORK IN THE NORTH-EAST OF THE HARAM WALL, NEAR S. MARY'S GATE. XVIII. EASTERN VIEW OF THE GOLDEN GATE. XIX. WESTERN VIEW OF THE GOLDEN GATE. XX. VIEW OF THE SOUTH GATE OF THE HARAM ES-SHERIF (BAB EL-HULDAH). XXI. WESTERN VIEW OF EL-AKSA, NEAR THE SOUTH-WESTERN ANGLE. XXII. WAILING-PLACE OF THE JEWS. A PORTION OF THE ANCIENT WALL OF THE TEMPLE ENCLOSURE. XXIII. FAÇADE OF THE MOSQUE EL-AKSA.

href="@public@vhost@g@gutenberg@html@files@44241@[email protected]#plate24" class="pginternal" tag="{http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml}a">XXIV. SECTION OF THE MOSQUE OF EL-AKSA, AND OF ITS SUBSTRUCTIONS. XXV. UNDERGROUND WORKS OF THE MOSQUE OF EL-AKSA, THE MONOLITH IN THE UNDERGROUND WORKS. XXVI. NORTH-EASTERN VIEW OF KUBBET ES-SAKHARAH, AND OF KUBBET ES-SILSILEH. XXVII. SECTION OF KUBBET ES-SAKHARAH—VIEW OF THE INTERIOR OF THE GOLDEN GATE. XXVIII. FOUR MOSAICS IN THE INTERIOR OF KUBBET ES-SAKHARAH, AND MOSQUE EL-AKSA. XXIX. DETAILS OF THE CAPITAL OF THE MONOLITH IN THE UNDERGROUND WORKS OF EL-AKSA; OF THE ORNAMENTATION OF THE GOLDEN GATE; AND OF THE SIX CAPITALS WHICH CROWN THE COLUMNS OF THE MOSQUES. XXX. PLAN AND SECTION OF LAND SURROUNDING THE CHURCH OF THE RESURRECTION AND THE HOSPITAL OF THE KNIGHTS OF S. JOHN. XXXI. VIEW OF THE POOL AMYGDALON, AND OF THE DOMES OF THE CHURCH OF THE RESURRECTION. XXXII. FRONT OF THE CHURCH OF THE RESURRECTION. XXXIII. GATE OF THE ENTRANCE-DOOR TO THE CHURCH OF THE RESURRECTION. XXXIV. PLAN OF THE CHURCH OF THE RESURRECTION WITH ITS LEVELS, AND SECTION OF THE HOLY SEPULCHRE—PLAN AND SECTION OF THE TOMB IN ITS ANCIENT AND IN ITS PRESENT STATE. XXXV. INTERIOR VIEWS OF THE CHURCH OF THE RESURRECTION, VIZ. GREAT DOME, CALVARY GREEK CHAPEL, CHAPEL OF S. HELENA. XXXVI. DETAILS OF SEVEN CAPITALS IN AND NEAR THE CHURCH OF THE RESURRECTION. XXXVII. ENTRANCE TO THE HOSPITAL OF S. JOHN. XXXVIII. RUINS OF THE CHURCH OF S. MARY THE GREAT. XXXIX. PLANS AND SECTIONS OF THE ARMENIAN CHURCH OF S. JAMES, AND MOSAICS. XL. VIEW OF THE CHURCH OF S. ANN. PROPERTY OF FRANCE. XLI. PLANS AND SECTIONS OF THE FRENCH CHURCH OF S. ANN. XLII. INTERIOR OF THE CHURCH OF S. ANN, AND FOUR DETAILS OF ORNAMENTATION. XLIII. TWO DOORS IN THE TEKHIYEH EL-KHASSEKI-SULTANE, COMMONLY CALLED THE HOSPITAL OF S. HELENA. XLIV. ANCIENT GATE OF SARACENIC ARCHITECTURE IN THE DESCENT OF SILLA, AND A VIEW OF A FOUNTAIN IN THE TYROPŒON VALLEY. XLV. VIEW OF THE CŒNACULUM, AND OF THE SO-CALLED TOMB OF DAVID. XLVI. PLAN AND SECTION OF THE CŒNACULUM; THE SO-CALLED TOMB OF DAVID; AND OF THE UNDERGROUND WORKS OF MOUNT SION. XLVII. PLAN AND SECTION OF THE TOMBS OF ACELDAMA. XLVIII. SOUTH-EASTERN EXTREMITY OF THE VALLEY OF SILOAM. XLIX. VIEW OF THE VALLEY OF JEHOSHAPHAT. L. FRONT OF THE TOMB OF THE VIRGIN MARY. LI. PLANS AND SECTIONS OF THE TOMB OF

THE VIRGIN MARY, AND OF THE CAVE OF THE AGONY. LII. MOUNT OF OLIVES AND THE GARDEN OF GETHSEMANE. LIII. PLAN AND SECTION OF MOSQUE SITUATED ON THE MOUNT OF OLIVES, AND DETAILS OF FIVE CAPITALS. LIV. PLAN AND SECTIONS OF THE TOMBS OF THE PROPHETS SITUATED IN THE MOUNT OF OLIVES.—VIEW, PLAN, AND SECTION OF THE TOMB OF LAZARUS AT BETHANY. LV. VIEW OF THE TOMBS OF THE KINGS. LVI. PLAN AND SECTIONS OF THE TOMBS OF THE KINGS, AND OF OTHER TOMBS; THAT OF JEHOSHAPHAT, AND ONE LIKE THAT OF OUR LORD. LVII. ANCIENT JEWISH SYNAGOGUE IN THE VALLEY OF THE KIDRON, TOWARDS THE NORTH. LVIII. VIEW OF THE TOMBS OF THE JUDGES, AND OF OTHER TOMBS TO THE NORTH OF JERUSALEM. LIX. PLANS AND SECTIONS OF THE TOMBS OF THE JUDGES, AND OF THE OTHER TOMBS. LX. PLAN AND SECTION OF S. PELAGIA'S TOMB ON THE MOUNT OF OLIVES.—DETAILS OF SEPULCHRES IN THE VALLEY OF JEHOSHAPHAT, AND OF SOME OTHERS IN THE NEIGHBOURHOOD OF JERUSALEM. LXI. DETAILS RELATING TO THE TOMBS. LXII. POOL OF MAMILLAH, OR SERPENTS' POOL (ACCORDING TO JOSEPHUS), NEAR THE MONUMENT OF HEROD ON THE WEST OF THE CITY. LXIII. PLAN AND SECTION OF THE CHURCH OF THE HOLY CROSS TO THE WEST OF JERUSALEM, AND DETAILS OF THE MOSAICS.

PLATE I.

PANORAMA OF JERUSALEM, SEEN FROM THE MOUNT OF OLIVES.

REFERENCES

1.    Hill of Evil Counsel.
2.    Aqueduct of Solomon.
3.    Mount of Rephaim.
4.    Cave of S. Peter's Repentance.
5.    Mount Sion.
6.    Tomb of David.
7.    Scene of the Last Supper.
8.    Harem es Sherîf.
9.    Court of the Mosque Kubbet es-Sakharrah.
10.    Mosque el Aksa.
11.    Kubbet es-Sakharah.
12.    Jewish Hospital.
13.    Armenian Convent.
14.    Church of S. James.
15.    English Church.
16.    Castle of David.
17.    Greek Convent of S. John the Baptist.
18.    Minaret of Ibrahim's Mosque.
19.    The Western Mountains.
20.    Tower of the Church of the Resurrection.
21.    Church of the Resurrection.
22.    Hospice of Saladin.
23.    Greek Convent of S. Basil.
24.    Latin Convent of S. Saviour.
25.    Minaret of the Serai.
26.    Tekhie el-Kasyeki Sultane.
27.    Residence of the Governor of Jerusalem.
28.    Barrack of the Haram es-Sherîf.
29.    A building belonging to the Daughters of Sion.
30.    Minaret. The ancient Palace of Herod.
31.    Church of S. Ann.
32.    Mount Gihon.
33.    Convent of the Dancing Dervishes.
34.    Herod's Gate.
35.    Ancient Church of S. Mary Magdalene.
36.    Bastion of Godfrey of Bouillon.
37.    Kerm es Sheikh.
38.    S. Mary's Gate.
39.    Saracenic Ruin.
40.    Golden Gate.
41.    Cemetery.
42.    Way of the Capture.
43.    Valley of the Kidron.
44.    Place where S. Stephen was stoned (?).
45.    Gethsemane.
46.    Arab Tower.
47.    Tomb of Absalom.
48.    Mount of Offence.
49.    Tomb of the Virgin Mary.
50.    Mount of Olives.

I.

PLATE II.

PLAN OF MODERN JERUSALEM.

REFERENCES.

• The Neighbourhood of Modern Jerusalem.
  (Beginning with the North.)
  • A. Ancient Jewish Tombs.
  • B. Tomb of Simon the Just.
  • C. Sheikh Jerrak.
  • D. Remarkable Rock. Site of an ancient Church of Eudoxia.
  • E. New Protestant Church.
  • F. Russian Garden.
  • G. Cisterns.
  • H. Church.
  • I. Hospice for Male and Female Pilgrims.
  • J. House of the Ecclesiastical Mission.
  • K. Hospital.
  • L. Coach-houses.
  • M. Porter's Lodge.
  • N. Blockhouse of the Guard.
  • O. Mohammedan Cemetery.
  • P. Ruins of the Church of S. Babylas.
  • Q. Ruins.
  • R. Cave.
  • S. New Greek Plantations.
  • T. Greek Convent of S. George.
  • U. Cistern.
  • V. Mill.
  • X. Castle of the Sparrow (Kasr el-Asfur).
  • Y. Protestant Cemetery.
  • Z. Protestant School for Boys.
  • W. Staircase cut in the Rock.
  • (A. Scene of the Last Supper.
  • (B. Tomb of David (Neby Daûd).
  • (C. Christian Cemetery.
  • (D. Cavern of Mount Sion.
  • (E. American Cemetery.
  • (F. House of Caiaphas.
  • (G. Place where the Virgin died.
  • (H. Cave of S. Peter's Penitence.
  • (I. Ruins of an Ancient Tomb.
  • (J. Tomb of S. Onuphrius.
  • (K. Remarkable Tomb of Aceldama.
  • (L. Pool of Bîr-Eyûb.
  • (M. Ancient Jewish Pool filled up.
  • (N. Tomb of the Prophet Isaiah.
  • (O. Pool of Siloam.
  • (P. Fountain of the Virgin.
  • (Q. Scarped Rock.
  • (R. Monolith of Siloam.

(S. Remains of an Ancient Conduit.

(T. Way of the Capture.

(U. Remarkable Tomb.

(V. Tomb of Zachariah.

(X. Tomb of S. James (Diwan Faroon).

(Y. Bridge of the Capture.

(Z. Tomb of Absalom.

(W. Tomb of Jehoshaphat.

a. Water-Conduit.

b. Site of the Ancient Church dedicated to the Pater Noster.

c. Site of the Ancient Church dedicated to the Creed.

d. Tomb of S. Pelagia.

e. Site of the Ascension.

f. Place where Jesus wept over Jerusalem.?

g. Ancient Olive.

h. Place where Judas betrayed Jesus.

i. Place where the Apostles fell asleep.

j. Arab Tower.

k. Cave of the Agony.

l. Tomb of the Virgin.

m. Place where S. Stephen was stoned.

n. Pool called Hammam Sitti-Miryam.

o. Pool of the Pilgrim.

p. Ditch cut in the Rock.

q. Cemetery (Turbet ez-Zahara).

r. Cotton Grotto (Megharet el-Kotton).

s. Cisterns.

Circumference of the Modern City.
(Beginning at the North).

• t. Damascus Gate (Bab el-`Amûd).
• u. Gate of Herod (Bab ez-Zahari).
• v. S. Mary's Gate (Bab Sitti-Miryam).
• x. Saracenic Ruin.
• y. Golden Gate (Bab ed-Dahariyeh).
• z. Gate of Jehoshaphat (according to De Saulcy).
• w. Sirah Bridge, or Bridge of Paradise.
• (a. Gate of Jehoshaphat (according to Pierotti), closed.
• (b. Triple gate, closed.
• (c. South Gate (Bab el-Huldah), closed.
• (d. Dung Gate (Bab el-Mugharibeh).
• (e. Sion Gate (Bab en-Neby Daûd).
• (f. Jaffa Gate (Bab el-Khalil).
• (g. The Office of the Quarantine.
• (h. The Custom-house. Greek Shops.

Interior of the City.
(Beginning at the West.)

1.    Castle of David.
2.    Pool filled up.
3.    Present residence of the Latin Patriarch.
4.    House of the Anglican Bishop.
5.    Greek Convent of S. John Baptist.
6.    Pool of Hezekiah.
7.    Hospice of the Copts.
8.    Latin Hospital of S. Louis.
9.    Coptic Convent.
10.    Greek Catholic Convent.
11.    Greek Convent of S. Demetrius.
12.    New residence of the Latin Patriarch.
13.    Mohammedan Tomb.
14.    Ancient Ruins.
15.    Ancient Mosque.
16.    Greek Convent of S. Basil.
17.    Greek Convent of S. Theodore.
18.    Casa Nuova (Deir Jedidi).
19.    Latin Convent of S. Saviour.
20.    Greek Convent of S. George of the Hospital.
21.    Latin School for Boys.
22.    Greek Convent of S. Michael.
23.    Latin Sisters of S. Joseph.
24.    Greek Convent of S. Nicholas.
25.    Temporary residence of the Russian Bishop.
26.    Greek School for Boys.
27.    Greek School for Girls.
28.    Greek Convent of the Virgin Woman.
29.    Greek Convent of S. Constantine.
30.    Residence of the Greek Patriarch.
31.    Greek Convent of S. Catharine.
32.    Greek Convent of S. Euthymius.
33.    Greek Convent of the Virgin Child.
34.    Hospice of Saladin (el-Kanki).
35.    Church of the Resurrection.
36.    Vestibule of the Church of the Resurrection.
37.    Ground anciently belonging to the Knights of S. John.
38.    Lesser Mosque of Omar.
39.    Greek Convent dependent on the Church of Gethsemane.
40.    Land formerly belonging to the Church of S. Mary the Great.
41.    Ruins of the Church of S. Mary the Great.
42.    Ancient Bazaar.
43.    Greek Convent of S. Abraham.
44.    Land for the Russian Consulate on the site of the ancient Church of S. Mary Latin.
45.    Convent and Court of the Abyssinians.
46.    Cistern of S. Helena belonging to the Copts.
47.    Latin House, called that of the Prince.
48.    Greek Convent of S. Charalampes, where Jesus met the Daughters of Sion.
49.    Prussian House.
50.    Gate of Judgment, with an ancient pillar. Second Fall of Jesus.
51.    Residence of the Spanish Consul.
52.    Protestant School for Girls.
53.    Protestant School for Carpenters.
54.    New Greek Convent.
55.    Foundation of Ancient Towers.
56.    Mohammedan Convent of Dervishes.
57.    Interior of the Cotton Grotto.
58.    Convent of the Dancing Dervishes, ancient Church of S. Peter.
59.    Mohammedan Tombs.
60.    Ancient Church of S. Mary Magdalen.
61.    Ancient Walls.
62.    Church of S. Ann, the property of France.
63.    Ruins of the Convent of the Sisters of S. Benedict.
64.    Bath (Hammam Sitti Miryam).
65.    Sheep Pool (Birket Israïl).
66.    Mohammedan Bath.
67.    Remains of Ancient Masonry, called the Tower Antonia.
68.    Barrack of the Haram es-Sherîf.
69.    Scala Sancta.
70.    Chapel dedicated to the Flagellation.
71.    Ancient Church, dedicated to the Nativity of Mary.
72.    Hospice of the Flagellation.
73.    Convent of the Daughters of Sion.
74.    Spring discovered by Pierotti, July 12, 1860.
75.    Subterranean Passage discovered by Pierotti, June 3, 1860.
76.    Ruined Mosque, the ancient Palace of Herod.
77.    Minaret.
78.    Arch, called that of the Ecce Homo.
79.    Hospice of the Kusbeck Dervishes.
80.    Austrian Hospice.
81.    Ruined Church of the Spasma.
82.    First Fall of Christ, upon ground belonging to Armenian Catholics.
83.    Residence of the Governor of Jerusalem.
84.    School of Saladin.
85.    Fountains.
86.    Military Hospital. House of Dives.
87.    Spot where Jesus met his Mother.
88.    Spot where Simon the Cyrenian took the Cross.
89.    House of Veronica.
90.    Prussian Consulate.
91.    Prussian Hospice.
92.    Hospital of S. Helena (Tekhie el-Kasyeki Sultane).
93.    House of the Dervishes. (Ancient Saracenic.)
94.    Ancient German Hospital.
95.    Bazaar of the Haram es-Sherîf.
96.    Bath (Hammam es-Shefa).
97.    Ancient Bridge, according to Williams and Pierotti.
98.    Hospital of Omar.
99.    Tribunal of the Kadi (Mehkemeh).
100.    Jews' Wailing-place.
101.    Gate Mugharibeh.
102.    Ancient Pier, called Robinson's Bridge.
103.    Ancient Walls.
104.    Jewish Hospital, called the Rothschild.
105.    Jewish Synagogue.
106.    Jewish Hospice.
107.    Polish Synagogue.
108.    Synagogue.
109.    Ancient Gate.
110.    English Hospital.
111.    English property.
112.    Prussian Hospital. House of the Prussian Deaconesses.
113.    English Church and Houses.
114.    House of S. James the Less.
115.    Ruins of the Prison of S. Peter.
116.    Armenian Convent.
117.    Church of S. James.
118.    Residence of the Armenian Patriarch.
119.    Armenian Garden.

   Barrack of Mount Sion.

   Armenian Hospice for Pilgrims.

   Armenian Seminary.

   Armenian House. Pilgrims.

   Quarter of the Lepers.

   House of Anna (Deir ez-Zeitun).

   Greek Convent of S. George.

   Large and Ancient Synagogue.

   New buildings of the Jews.

PLAN OF MODERN JERUSALEM
II.

PLATE III.

PLAN OF ANCIENT JERUSALEM.

REFERENCES.

• (Beginning at the North.)
  • A. Ancient Synagogue.
  • B. Pool of Kidron.
  • C. Fosse of the Ancient City, to the North.
  • D. Channel of the waters of Gihon.
  • E. Pool of the Serpents, or Bethora.
  • F. Restored Pool.
  • G. Remains of Ancient Jewish Walls.
  • H. Monument of Ananus.
  • I. Solomon's Pool. King's Pool.
  • J. Reservoir of Siloam. Pool of Scelah.
  • K. Pool for Blood.
  • L. Monolith. Ancient Tomb.
  • M. Jewish Tombs.
  • N. Monument erected by Absalom (not the pyramidal part).
  • O. Golden Gate of the time of Justinian.
  • P. Gate of the time of Crusaders.
  • Q. Triple Gate of the time of Justinian.
  • R. Huldah Gate.
  • S. Tomb of David and of the other Kings.
• Gates of the City of Nehemiah.
  • I. Sheep Gate.
  • II. Tower of Hananeel.
  • III. Tower of Meah.
  • IV. Fish Gate.
  • V. The Old Gate.
  • VI. Ephraim Gate.
  • VII. Eastern Gate.
  • VIII. Water Gate.
  • IX. Fountain Gate.
  • X. Valley Gate.
  • XI. Dung Gate.
  • XII. Steps of the City of David.
  • XIII. The Broad Wall.
  • XIV. The Tower of the Furnaces.
  • XV. Sheepfold Gate.
• Gates of the City belonging to Periods before the Time of Nehemiah, and after the Time of Herod.
  • a. Double Gate, or Gate between the Two Walls.
  • b. Corner Gate.
  • c. Sheep Gate.
  • d. Gennath Gate.
  • e. North Gate.
  • f. Gate of the Essenes.
• Interior of the City (according to Pierotti).
  1.    Fortress of Sion.
  2.    Hippicus.
  3.    Phasael.
  4.    Mariamne.
  5.    Millo. Descent to Silla. Street of David.
  6.    Amygdalon.
  7.    Tower Psephinus.
  8.    Women's Tower.
  9.    Corner Tower.
  10.    Pool of Struthium.
  11.    Tower Baris, or Antonia, or Citadel of Antiochus Epiphanes.
  12.    Roman Arch, not earlier than the time of Adrian.
  13.    Passage called by Josephus Strato's Tower.
  14.    Ancient Prætorium.
  15.    Remains of the Walls of the Prætorium.
  16.    Pavement, or Gabbatha.
  17.    Way of the Cross (according to Pierotti).
  18.    Passage of Herod.
  19.    Threshing-Floor of Araunah the Jebusite.
  20.    Altar of Burnt Offerings.
  21.    Cistern for Blood.
  22.    Place of the Ashes.
  23.    Cisterns for receiving the Blood.
  24.    Position of Solomon's Palace.
  25.    Basilica of S. Mary, of the time of Justinian.
  26.    "Stoa Basilica," early underground Buildings of Jewish construction restored by Justinian.
  27.    Substructions of the Aksa of the time of Justinian.
  28.    Ancient Pillar.
  29.    Herodian Wall.
  30.    Foundations of the Eastern Tower of the Bridge of the time of the Maccabees.
  31.    Palace of the Senate.
  32.    Bridge now existing (according to Williams and Pierotti).
  33.    Xystus.
  34.    Palace of King Agrippa, overlooking the Temple.
  35.    Sepulchre of Jesus Christ.
  36.    Golgotha.

PLAN OF ANCIENT JERUSALEM.
III.

PLATE IV.

FOUR SECTIONS OF ANCIENT JERUSALEM, SHEWING THE UNDERGROUND CONSTRUCTIONS IN COMPARISON WITH THE PRESENT LEVEL OF THE CITY.

REFERENCES.

• Section (A) (B).
  • A. Mount Scopus.
  • B. Ancient Jewish Tomb.
  • C. Pool of the Kidron.
  • D. The North-west Mountains.
  • E. Cistern.
  • F. Way.
  • G. Ancient Tomb.
  • H. Ancient level of the Brook Kidron.
  • I. Present level of the Brook Kidron.
  • K. Supposed Water-Conduit of Hezekiah, according to Williams.
  • L. Monument of Helena, according to De Barrère and Pierotti.
  • M. Ancient level of the Lower City.
  • N. Place covered with ruins and earth.
  • O. Sewers of the Tyropœon Valley.
  • P. Cistern.
  • Q. North Gate, according to Josephus.
  • R. Damascus Gate.
  • S. Tower Psephinus of Schultz.
  • T. Height of Bezetha.
  • U. Russian property.
  • V. Tower Psephinus of Barclay.
  • X. Tower Psephinus of Pierotti.
  • Y. Present level of the City.
  • Z. Ancient level of the Upper City.
  • W. Church of the Resurrection.
  • a. Latin Convent of S. Saviour.
  • b. Fountain.
  • c. Level of the Haram es-Sherîf.
  • d. Residence of the Latin Patriarch.
  • e. Jaffa Gate.
  • f. Tower Hippicus.
  • g. English Church.
  • h. Street of David.
  • i. Bridge uniting Moriah and Sion, now existing.
  • (K). Aqueduct of Solomon.
  • l. Church of S. James.
  • m. Dung-Gate.
  • n. Zion Street.
  • (O). Subterranean passage.
  • p. Conduit for blood.
  • (Q). Fountain of the Virgin.
  • (T). Water Conduit.
  • (M). Upper Pool of Siloam.
  • a. Water Conduit.
  • t. Lower Pool of Siloam.
  • u. Valley of Hinnom.
  • v. Valley of Rephaim.
  • x. Height of Bezetha.
  • y. Scene of the Last Supper.
  • (Z). Aceldama.
  • (1). Hill of Evil Counsel.
  • 2. Tophet.
  • 3. Brook Kidron.
  • 4. En-Rogel = Bîr-Eyûb.
• Section (G) (H).
  • (A). Mount Scopus.
  • D. The north-west Mountains.
  • H. Ancient level of the Brook Kidron.
  • I. Present level of the Brook Kidron.
  • 5. Ancient Mohammedan Cemetery.
  • 6. Kerm es-Sheikh.
  • 7. Ditch of the City, cut in the rock.
  • 8. Present Wall of the City.
  • 9. Ancient level of the Northern valley.
  • N. Place covered with ruins and

earth.

T. Height of Bezetha.

X. Tower Psephinus of Pierotti.

10. Pool of Bethesda.

11. Subterranean Passage made by Herod.

W. Church of the Resurrection.

12. Court of the Mosque Kubbet es-Sakharah.

13. Kubbet es-Sakharah.

e. Jaffa Gate.

14. Cistern of Araunah.

15. Cisterns for Blood.

16. Haram es-Sherîf.

17. Mosque el-Aksa.

18. Underground works of el-Aksa.

19. Ophel.

20. Present wall of the City.

l. Church of S. James.

p. Conduit for Blood.

(2) Fountain of the Virgin.

3. Brook Kidron.

21. Mount Sion.

22. Village of Siloam.

u. Valley of Hinnom.

x. Height of Bezetha.

23. Height of the Mount of Offence.

24. Mount of Offence.

4. En-Rogel = Bîr-Eyûb.

Section (D) (C).

• 23. Mount of Olives.
• 24. Place where Jesus wept over Jerusalem.
• 25. Height of the Mount Scopus.
• 26. Jewish Cemetery.
• H. Ancient level of the Brook Kidron.
• I. Present level of the Brook Kidron.
• N. Place covered with ruins and earth.
• T. Height of Bezetha.
• 8. Present Wall of the City.
• p. Conduit for Blood.
• 27. Cistern of Blood.
• 12. Court of the Mosque Kubbet es-Sakharah.
• 14. Cistern of Araunah.
• 28. Dome of the Chain.
• 13. Kubbet es-Sakharah.
• 29. Mount Moriah.
• 30. Acra.
• 31. Bazaar of the Haram.
• 32. Tyropœon Valley.
• 33. Mount Sion.
• W. Church of the Resurrection.
• 34. Pool of Amygdalon.
• (K). Hezekiah's Canal.
• 35. Valley of Gihon.
• 36. Upper Pool = Birket Mamillah.
• 37. Monument of Herod.

Section (E) (F).

• L. Monument of Helena.
• M. Ancient level of the City.
• 38. Tyropœon Valley.
• 8. Present Wall of the City.
• N. Place covered with ruins and earth.
• W. Church of the Resurrection.
• 39. Mosque of Omar.
• 40. Ground anciently belonging to the Knights of S. John.
• 41. Mount Gareb.
• u. Valley of Hinnom.
• v. Valley of Rephaim.
• 42. Hill of Evil Counsel.
• (1). Hill of Evil Counsel.

---

((S)). Conventional Signs.

• ((a)). Rock.
• ((b)). Place covered with ruins and earth.
• ((c)). Buildings of the City.
• ((d)). Mountains.
• ((e)). Water-Conduits.
• ((f)). Sewers.
• ((g)). Supposed Water-Conduits.
• ((h)). Conduit for Blood.
• ((i)). Ancient level of the City.
• ((h)). Subterranean passages.
• ((k)). Ancient or Remarkable Edifices.

IV.

PLATE V.

ANCIENT CITADEL OF THE JEBUSITES, AFTERWARDS THAT OF DAVID, THEN THAT OF THE PISANS. THE JAFFA GATE.

1.    Jaffa Gate.
2.    Present Wall of the City.
3.    The Custom House.
4.    Citadel.
5.    Barrack of Mount Sion.
6.    Minaret of the Citadel.
7.    Road from Bethlehem.
8.    Road from Jaffa.
9.    Mount Sion.
10.    Valley of Gihon.

V.