NOTES AND QUERIES:
A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC.
"When found, make a note of."—Captain Cuttle.
No. 223. Saturday, February 4. 1854. Price Fourpence.
Stamped Edition 5d.
CONTENTS.
Notes:— Page Dryden on Shakspeare, by Bolton Corney 95 Party Similes of the Seventeenth Century:—No. 1. "Foxes and Firebrands." No. 2. "The Trojan Horse" 96 Dutch East India Company.—Slavery in England, by James Graves 98 Original Royal Letters to the Grand Masters of Malta, by Wm. Winthrop 99 Enareans 101 Minor Notes:—Russia and Turkey—Social Effects of the severe Weather, Jan. 3 and 4, 1854—Star of Bethlehem—Origin of the Word "Cant"—Epigram on Four Lawyers 103 Queries:— Contributors to "Knight's Quarterly Magazine" 103 The Stationers' Company and Almanack 104 Minor Queries:—John Bunyan—Tragedy by Mary Leapor—Repairing old Prints—Arch-priest in the Diocese of Exeter—Medal in honour of the Chevalier de St. George—Robert Bloet—Sir J. Wallace and Mr. Browne—Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester—Abbott Families—Authorship of a Ballad—Elias Petley—Canaletto's Views round London—A Monster found at Maidstone—Page 104 Minor Queries with Answers:—The Fish "Ruffins"—Origin of the Word Etiquette—Henri Quatre—"He that complies against his will," &c., and "To kick the bucket"—St. Nicholas Cole Abbey 106 Replies:— Trench on Proverbs, by the Rev. M. Margoliouth 107 Inscriptions on Bells 109 Arms of Geneva 110 Photographic Correspondence:—Multiplying Negatives—Towgood's Paper—Adulteration of Nitrate of Silver 110 Replies to Minor Queries:—Passage of Cicero—Major André—Catholic Bible Society—Cassiterides—Wooden Tombs and Effigies—Tailless Cats—Warville—Green Eyes—Came—"Epitaphium Lucretiæ"—Oxford Commemoration Squib—"Imp"—False Spellings from Sound—"Good wine needs no bush"—Three Fleurs-de-Lys—Portrait of Plowden—St. Stephen's Day and Mr. Riley's "Hoveden"—Death Warnings in Ancient Families—"The Secunde Personne in the Trinitie" 111 Miscellaneous:— Notes on Books, &c. 114 Books and Odd Volumes wanted 115 Notices to Correspondents 115PHOTOGRAPHIC SOCIETY.—THE EXHIBITION OF PHOTOGRAPHS AND DAGUERREOTYPES is now open at the Gallery of the Society of British Artists, Suffolk Street, Pall Mall, in the Morning from 10 a.m. to half-past 4 p.m., and in the Evening from 7 to 10 p.m. Admission 1s. Catalogue 6d.
PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION.—An EXHIBITION of PICTURES, by the most celebrated French, Italian, and English Photographers, embracing Views of the principal Countries and Cities of Europe, is now OPEN. Admission 6d. A Portrait taken by MR. TALBOT'S Patent Process, One Guinea; Three extra Copies for 10s.
PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION, 168. NEW BOND STREET.
TO PRE-RAPHAELITES.—On Sale, a very beautiful Collection of CHINESE DRAWINGS.
B. QUARITCH, 16. Castle Street, Leicester Square.
*** B. Q.'s Catalogue of 2000 Rare, Valuable, and Curious Books, just published, price 6d.
SCIENTIFIC RECREATION FOR YOUTH—EXPERIMENTAL CHEMISTRY.
AMUSEMENT FOR LONG EVENINGS, by means of STATHAM'S Chemical Cabinets and Portable Laboratories, 5s. 6d., 7s. 6d., 10s. 6d., 21s., 31s. 6d., 42s.,
WILLIAM E. STATHAM, Operative Chemist, 29c. Rotherfield Street, Islington, London, and of Chemists and Opticians everywhere.
HEAL & SON'S ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE OF BEDSTEADS, sent free by post. It contains designs and prices of upwards of ONE HUNDRED different Bedsteads, in iron, brass, japanned wood, polished birch, mahogany, rosewood, and walnut-tree woods; also of every description of Bedding, Blankets, and Quilts.
HEAL & SON, Bedstead and Bedding Manufacturers, 196. Tottenham Court Road.
W. H. HART, RECORD AGENT and LEGAL ANTIQUARIAN (who is in the possession of Indices to many of the early Public Records whereby his Inquiries are greatly facilitated) begs to inform Authors and Gentlemen engaged in Antiquarian or Literary Pursuits, that he is prepared to undertake searches among the Public Records, MSS. in the British Museum, Ancient Wills, or other Depositories of a similar Nature, in any Branch of Literature, History, Topography, Genealogy, or the like, and in which he has had considerable experience.
1. ALBERT TERRACE, NEW CROSS, HATCHAM, SURREY.
Just published, in cloth 8vo., 10s. 6d.
ON THE DECLINE OF LIFE IN HEALTH AND DISEASE; being an Attempt to investigate the Causes of Longevity, and the best Means of attaining a Healthful Old Age. By BARNARD VAN OVEN, M.D., Fellow of the Royal Medical Chirurgical Society, &c.
"Old and young, the healthy and the invalid, may alike obtain useful and practical hints from Dr. Van Oven's book; his advice and observations are marked by much experience and good sense."—Literary Gazette.
JOHN CHURCHILL, Princes Street, Soho.
Just published, price 1s.,
ECCLESIASTICAL COURTS REFORM.—An Account of the Present Deplorable State of the ECCLESIASTICAL COURTS of RECORD, with Proposals for their Complete Reformation. BY W. DOWNING BRUCE, Esq., Lincoln's Inn, Barrister-at-Law, Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries, &c.
HENRY ADAMS, 9. Parliament Street, and W. ARPTHORP, 22. Bishopsgate Street.
TEGG'S CHRONOLOGY.
In One handsome Volume, post 8vo., cloth, price 9s.
TEGG'S DICTIONARY OF CHRONOLOGY; or, Historical and Statistical Register, from the Birth of Christ to the Present Time. Fifth Edition, revised and improved.
London: WILLIAM TEGG & CO., 85. Queen Street, Cheapside.
THE QUARTERLY REVIEW, No. CLXXXVII., is published THIS DAY.
Contents:
- LIFE AND WORKS OF GRAY.
- HUMBOLDT'S COSMOS—SIDEREAL ASTRONOMY.
- MISSIONS IN POLYNESIA.
- M. GUIZOT.
- RELIGION OF THE CHINESE REBELS.
- CASTREN'S TRAVELS AMONG THE LAPPS.
- MEMOIRS OF KING JOSEPH.
- TURKEY AND RUSSIA.
JOHN MURRAY, Albemarle Street.
ALL WORKS published under the Title SCOTT'S POETICAL WORKS are IMPERFECT and INCOMPLETE, unless they bear the Imprint of ROBERT CADELL, or ADAM & CHARLES BLACK, Edinburgh.
AUTHOR'S EDITION OF SCOTT'S POETRY, including the Copyright Poem of the LORD OF THE ISLES, 6 Engravings, cloth, gilt edges, 5s.
A. & C. BLACK, Edinburgh.
HOULSTON & STONEMAN, London.
The Camden Society,
FOR THE PUBLICATION OF EARLY HISTORICAL AND LITERARY REMAINS.
The Camden Society is instituted to perpetuate, and render accessible, whatever is valuable, but at present little known, amongst the materials for the Civil, Ecclesiastical, or Literary History of the United Kingdom; and it accomplishes that object by the publication of Historical Documents, Letters, Ancient Poems, and whatever else lies within the compass of its designs, in the most convenient form, and at the least possible expense consistent with the production of useful volumes.
The Subscription to the Society is 1l. per annum, which becomes due in advance on the first day of May in every year, and is received by MESSRS. NICHOLS, 25. PARLIAMENT STREET, or by the several LOCAL SECRETARIES. Members may compound for their future Annual Subscriptions, by the payment of 10l. over and above the Subscription for the current year. The compositions received have been funded in the Three per Cent. Consols to an amount exceeding 900l. No Books are delivered to a Member until his Subscription for the current year has been paid. New Members are admitted at the Meetings of the Council held on the First Wednesday in every month.
The Publications for the year 1851-2 were:
52. PRIVY PURSE EXPENSES of CHARLES II. and JAMES II. Edited by J. Y. AKERMAN, Esq., Sec. S.A.
53. THE CHRONICLE OF THE GREY FRIARS OF LONDON. Edited from a MS. in the Cottonian Library by J. GOUGH NICHOLS, Esq., F.S.A.
54. PROMPTORIUM: An English and Latin Dictionary of Words in Use during the Fifteenth Century, compiled chiefly from the Promptorium Parvulorum. By ALBERT WAY, Esq., M.A., F.S.A. Vol. II. (M to R.) (Now ready.)
Books for 1852-3.
55. THE SECOND VOLUME OF THE CAMDEN MISCELLANY, containing, 1. Expenses of John of Brabant, 1292-3; 2. Household Accounts of Princess Elizabeth, 1551-2; 3. Requeste and Suite of a True-hearted Englishman, by W. Cholmeley, 1553; 4. Discovery of the Jesuits' College at Clerkenwell, 1627-8; 5. Trelawny Papers; 6. Autobiography of Dr. William Taswell.—Now ready for delivery to all Members not in arrear of their Subscription.
56. THE VERNEY PAPERS. A Selection from the Correspondence of the Verney Family during the reign of Charles I. to the year 1639. From the Originals in the possession of Sir Harry Verney, Bart. To be edited by JOHN BRUCE, ESQ., Trea. S.A.
57. REGULÆ INCLUSARUM: THE ANCREN REWLE. A Treatise on the Rules and Duties of Monastic Life, in the Anglo-Saxon Dialect of the Thirteenth Century, addressed to a Society of Anchorites, being a translation from the Latin Work of Simon de Ghent, Bishop of Salisbury. To be edited from MSS. in the Cottonian Library, British Museum, with an Introduction, Glossarial Notes, &c., by the REV. JAMES MORTON, B.D., Prebendary of Lincoln. (Now ready.)
The following Works are at Press, and will be issued from time to time, as soon as ready:
58. THE CORRESPONDENCE OF LADY BRILLIANA HARLEY, during the Civil Wars. To be edited by the REV. T. T. LEWIS, M.A. (Will be ready immediately.)
ROLL of the HOUSEHOLD EXPENSES of RICHARD SWINFIELD, Bishop of Hereford, in the years 1289, 1290, with Illustrations from other and coeval Documents. To be edited by the REV. JOHN WEBB, M.A., F.S.A.
THE DOMESDAY OF ST. PAUL'S: a Description of the Manors belonging to the Church of St. Paul's in London in the year 1222. By the VEN. ARCHDEACON HALE.
ROMANCE OF JEAN AND BLONDE OF OXFORD, by Philippe de Reims, an Anglo-Norman Poet of the latter end of the Twelfth Century. Edited, from the unique MS. in the Royal Library at Paris, by M. LE ROUX DE LINCY, Editor of the Roman de Brut.
Communications from Gentlemen desirous of becoming Members may be addressed to the Secretary, or to Messrs. Nichols.
WILLIAM J. THOMS, Secretary.
25. Parliament Street, Westminster.
WORKS OF THE CAMDEN SOCIETY,
AND ORDER OF THEIR PUBLICATION.
- Restoration of King Edward IV.
- Kyng Johan, by Bishop Bale.
- Deposition of Richard II.
- Plumpton
THE SECOND VOLUME IS NOW READY.
Embellished with 9 Portraits, price only 7s. 6d. bound, of the
CHEAP EDITION OF MISS STRICKLAND'S LIVES OF THE QUEENS OF ENGLAND.
To be completed in 8 Monthly Volumes, post 8vo., price 7s. 6d. each, bound, illustrated with PORTRAITS OF EVERY QUEEN, and including, besides all other late improvements, A COPIOUS INDEX.
Also just published, THE FOURTH AND CONCLUDING VOLUME, price 6s. bound, of the
CHEAP RE-ISSUE OF EVELYN'S DIARY AND CORRESPONDENCE.
"We rejoice to welcome this beautiful and compact edition of 'Evelyn'—one of the most valuable and interesting works in the language, now deservedly regarded as an English classic."—Examiner.
In a few Days,
PEPYS' DIARY AND CORRESPONDENCE.
A NEW AND IMPROVED LIBRARY EDITION, in 4 vols. demy 8vo., illustrated with Portraits and other Plates, and with numerous additional Notes. Edited by LORD BRAYBROOKE.
Published for HENRY COLBURN, by his Successors, HURST & BLACKETT, 13. Great Marlborough Street.
In 8vo., 5s. 6d., bound in cloth, with many Woodcuts.
THE LAWS OF THE HEBREWS relating to the POOR. By the RABBI MAIMONIDES. Now first translated into English, with an Introduction upon the Rights and upon the Treatment of the Poor, the Life of Maimonides, and Notes. By J. W. PEPPERCORNE, ESQ.
"Deeply learned and of inestimable value."—Church of England Quarterly Review.
London: PELHAM RICHARDSON, 23. Cornhill; and E. LUMLEY, 126. High Holborn.
COMPLETION OF THE CATHOLIC HISTORY OF ENGLAND.
By WM. BERNARD MAC CABE, ESQ.
In the Press.
THE THIRD AND LAST VOLUME OF A CATHOLIC HISTORY OF ENGLAND. Price 18s.
Orders to complete Sets can be addressed to the Publisher, T. C. NEWBY, 30. Welbeck Street, Cavendish Square, London.
N.B.—Only a limited number of Copies of this Edition will be published. It will be therefore necessary for intending purchasers to give their orders as early as possible.
"Carefully compiled from our earliest records, and purporting to be a literal translation of the writings of the old Chroniclers, miracles, visions, &c., from the time of Gildas; richly illustrated with notes, which throw a clear, and in many instances a new light on what would otherwise be difficult and obscure passages."—Thomas Miller, History of the Anglo-Saxons, p. 88.
Works by the same Author.
BERTHA; or, The POPE and the EMPEROR.
THE LAST DAYS OF O'CONNELL.
A TRUE HISTORY OF THE HUNGARIAN REVOLUTION.
THE LIFE OF ST. ETHELBERT, KING of the EAST ANGLES.
A GRANDFATHER'S STORY-BOOK; or, TALES and LEGENDS, by a POOR SCHOLAR.
LONDON, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 4, 1854.
Notes.
DRYDEN ON SHAKSPERE.
"Dryden may be properly considered as the father of English criticism, as the writer who first taught us to determine upon principles the merit of composition."—Samuel Johnson.
No one of the early prose testimonies to the genius of Shakspere has been more admired than that which bears the signature of John Dryden. I must transcribe it, accessible as it is elsewhere, for the sake of its juxtaposition with a less-known metrical specimen of the same nature.
"He [Shakspere] was the man who of all modern, and perhaps ancient poets, had the largest and most comprehensive soul. All the images of nature were still present to him, and he drew them not laboriously, but luckily: when he describes any thing, you more than see it, you feel it too. Those who accuse him to have wanted learning, give him the greater commendation: he was naturally learned; he needed not the spectacles of books to read nature; he looked inwards, and found her there. I cannot say he is every where alike; were he so, I should do him injury to compare him with the greatest of mankind. He is many times flat, insipid; his comic wit degenerating into clenches, his serious swelling into bombast. But he is always great when some great occasion is presented to him: no man can say he ever had a fit subject for his wit, and did not then raise himself as high above the rest of poets,
'Quantùm lenta solent inter viburna cupressi.'"
John Dryden, Of dramatick poesie, an essay.
London, 1668. 4to. p. 47.
The metrical specimen shall now take its place. Though printed somewhat later than the other, it has a much better chance of being accepted as a rarity in literature.
Prologue to Iulius Cæsar.
"In country beauties as we often see
Something that takes in their simplicity,
Yet while they charm they know not they are fair,
And take without their spreading of the snare—
Such artless beauty lies in Shakespear's wit;
'Twas well in spite of him whate'r he writ.
His excellencies came, and were not sought,
His words like casual atoms made a thought;
Drew up themselves in rank and file, and writ,
He wondering how the devil it were, such wit.
Thus, like the drunken tinker in his play,
He grew a prince, and never knew which way.
He did not know what trope or figure meant,
But to persuade is to be eloquent;
So in this Cæsar which this day
Tully ne'er spoke as he makes Anthony.
Those then that tax his learning are to blame,
He knew the thing, but did not know the name;
Great Iohnson did that ignorance adore,
And though he envied much, admir'd him more.
The faultless Iohnson equally writ well;
Shakespear made faults—but then did more excel.
One close at guard like some old fencer lay,
T'other more open, but he shew'd more play.
In imitation Iohnson's wit was shown,
Heaven made his men, but Shakespear made his own.
Wise Iohnson's talent in observing lay,
But others' follies still made up his play.
He drew the like in each elaborate line,
But Shakespear like a master did design.
Iohnson with skill dissected human kind,
And show'd their faults, that they their faults might find;
But then, as all anatomists must do,
He to the meanest of mankind did go,
And took from gibbets such as he would show.
Both are so great, that he must boldly dare
Who both of them does judge, and both compare;
If amongst poets one more bold there be,
The man that dare attempt in either way, is he."
Covent Garden drolery, London, 1672. 8o p. 9.
A short historical comment on the above extracts is all that must be expected. The rest shall be left to the critical discernment of those persons who may be attracted by the heading of this Note—Dryden on Shakspere.
When Johnson wrote his preface to Shakspere, he quoted the first of the above extracts to prove that the plays were once admired without the aid of comment. This was written in 1765. In 1769 Garrick placed the same extract at the head of his collection of undeniable prose-testimonies to the genius of Shakspere. Johnson afterwards pronounced it to be "a perpetual model of encomiastic criticism;" and Malone quoted it as an admirable character of Shakspere. Now, admirable as it is, I doubt if it can be considered as expressive of the deliberate opinion of Dryden. The essayist himself, in his epistolary address to lord Buckhurst, gives a caution on that point. He observes, "All I have said is problematical." In short, the essay Of dramatick poesie is in the form of a dialogue—and a dialogue is "a chace of wit kept up on both sides."
I proceed to the second extract.—Who wrote the Prologue to Julius Cæsar? To what master-hand are we to ascribe this twofold specimen of psychologic portraiture? Take up the dramatic histories of Langbaine and Baker; take up the Theatrical register of the reverend Charles Burney; take up the voluminous Some account of the reverend John Genest; examine the mass of commendatory verses in the twenty-one-volume editions of Shakspere; examine also the commendatory verses in the nine-volume edition of Ben. Jonson. Here is the result: Langbaine calls attention to the prologue in question as an excellent prologue, and Genest repeats what had been said one hundred and forty years before by Langbaine. There is not the slightest hint on its authorship.
I must therefore leave the stronghold of facts, and advance into the of conjecture. I ascribe the prologue to John Dryden.
It appears by the list of plays altered from Shakspere, as drawn up by Steevens and Reed, that Julius Cæsar had been altered by sir William D'Avenant and Dryden jointly, and acted at the Theatre-royal in Drury-lane. It would therefore seem probable that one of those poets wrote the prologue on that occasion. Nevertheless, it does not appear in the works of either poet.
The Works of sir William D'Avenant were edited by Mr. Herringman, with the sanction of lady D'Avenant, in 1673; and its exclusion so far decides the question.
The non-appearance of it in the Poems of Dryden, as published by Mr. Tonson in 1701, is no disproof of the claim which I advocate. The volume contains only twenty prologues and epilogues—but Dryden wrote twice that number!
I shall now produce some circumstantial evidence in favour of Dryden. It is derived from an examination of the volume entitled Covent Garden drolery. This small volume contains twenty-two prologues or epilogues, and more than fifty songs—all anonymous, but said to be written by the refinedest wits of the age. We have, 1. A prologue and epilogue to the Maiden queen of Dryden—not those printed in 1668; 2. A prologue and epilogue to the Parson's wedding of Thomas Killigrew; 3. A prologue and epilogue to the Marriage à la mode of Dryden—printed with the play in 1673; 4. The prologue to Julius Cæsar; 5. A prologue to the Wit without money of Beaumont and Fletcher—printed in the Poems of Dryden, 1701; 6. A prologue to the Pilgrim of Fletcher—not that printed in 1700. These pieces occupy the first twelve pages of the volume. It cannot be requisite to give any further account of its contents.
I waive the question of internal evidence; but have no misgiving, on that score, as to the opinion which may henceforth prevail on the validity of the claim now advanced in favour of Dryden.
Sir Walter Scott observes, with reference to the essay Of dramatick poesie, "The contrast of Ben. Jonson and Shakspere is peculiarly and strikingly felicitous." He could have said no less—whatever he might have said as to its authorship—had he seen the Prologue to Julius Cæsar.
Bolton Corney.
PARTY SIMILES OF THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY:—NO. I. "FOXES AND FIREBRANDS." NO. II. "THE TROJAN HORSE."
(Continued from Vol. viii., p. 488.)
The following works I omitted to mention in my last Note from want of room. The first is by that amiable Nimrod, John Bale, Bishop of Ossory:
"Yet a Course at the Romyshe Foxe, &c. Compyled by Johan Harrison. Zurich. 1543. 4to."
The four following are by William Turner, M.D., who also wrote under an assumed name:
"The Huntyng of the Romishe Foxe, &c. By William Wraughton. Basil. 1543."
"The Rescuynge of the Romishe Foxe, &c. Winchester. 1545. 8vo."
"The Huntyng of the Romyshe Wolfe. 8vo. 1554(?)."
"The Huntyng of the Foxe and Wolfe, &c. 8vo."
The next is the most important work, and I give the title in full:
"The Hunting of the Romish Fox, and the Quenching of Sectarian Firebrands. Being a Specimen of Popery and Separation. Collected by the Honourable Sir James Ware, Knight, out of the Memorials of Eminent Men, both in Church and State: A. B. Cranmer, A. B. Usher, A. B. Parker, Sir Henry Sidney, A. B. Abbot, Lord Cecil, A. B. Laud, and others. And now published for the Public Good. By Robert Ware, Gent. Dublin. 1683. 12mo. pp. 248."
The work concludes with this paragraph:
"Now he that hath given us all our hearts, give unto His Majesties subjects of these nations an heart of unity, to quash division and separation; of obedience, to quench the fury of rebellious firebrands: and a heart of constancy to the Reformed Church of England, the better to expel Popery, and to confound dissention. Amen."
The last work, with reference to the first simile of my note, which I shall mention, is that by Zephaniah Smith, one of the
"The Doome of Heretiques; or a Discovery of Subtle Foxes who wer tyed Tayle to Tayle, and crept into the Church to doe Mischiefe, &c. Lond. 1648." [1]
With regard to the second simile, see—
"The Trojan Horse, or the Presbyterian Government Unbowelled. London. 1646. 4to. By Henry Parker of Lincoln's Inn."
"Comprehension and Toleration Considered, in a Sermon on Gal. ii. 5. By Dr. South."
"Remarks on a Bill of Comprehension. London. 1684. By Dr. Hickes."
"The New Distemper, or The Dissenters' Usual Pleas for Comprehension, Toleration, and the Renouncing the Covenant, Considered and Discussed. Non Quis sed Quid. London. 1680. 12mo. Second Edition. Pp. 184. (With a figurative frontispiece, representing the 'Ecclesia Anglicana.')"
The first edition was published in 1675. Thomas Tomkins, Fellow of All Souls' College, was the author; but the two editions are anonymous.
As to the Service Book, see the curious work of George Lightbodie:
"Against the Apple of the Left Eye of Antichrist; or The Masse-Booke of Lurking Darknesse (The Liturgy), making Way for the Apple of the Right Eye of Antichrist, the Compleate Masse-Booke of Palpable Darknesse. London. 1638. 8vo."
Baylie's Parallel (before referred to) was a popular work; it was first printed London, 1641, in 4to.; and reprinted 1641, 1642, 1646, 1661.
As to "High Church" and "Low Church," see an article in the Edinburgh Review for last October, on "Church Parties," and the following works:
"The True Character of a Churchman, showing the False Pretences to that Name. By Dr. West." (No date. 1702?) Answered by Sacheverell in "The Character of a Low Churchman. 4to. 1702." "Low Churchmen vindicated from the Charge of being no Churchmen. London. 1706. 8vo. By John Handcock, D.D., Rector of St. Margaret's, Lothbury."
"Inquiry into the Duty of a Low Churchman. London. 1711. 8vo." (By James Peirce, a Nonconformist divine, largely quoted in The Scourge: where he is spoken of as "A gentleman of figure, of the most apostolical moderation, of the most Christian temper, and is esteemed as the Evangelical Doctor of the Presbyterians in this kingdom," &c.—P. 342.)
He also wrote:
"The Loyalty, Integrity, and Ingenuity of High Churchmen and Dissenters, and their respective Writers, Compared. London. 1719. 8vo."
See also the following periodical, which Lowndes thus describes:
"The Independent Whig. From Jan. 20, 1719-20, to Jan. 4, 1721. 53 Numbers. London. Written by Gordon and Trenchard in order to oppose the High Church Party; 1732-5, 12mo., 2 vols.; 1753, 12mo., 4 vols."
Will some correspondent kindly furnish me with the date, author's name, &c., of the pamphlet entitled Merciful Judgments of High Church Triumphant on Offending Clergymen and others in the Reign of Charles I.?[2]
I omitted Wordsworth's lines in my first note:
"High and Low,
Watchwords of party, on all tongues are rife;
As if a Church, though sprung from heaven, must owe
To opposites and fierce extremes her life;—
Not to the golden mean and quiet flow
Of truths, that soften hatred, temper strife."
Wordsworth, and most Anglican writers down to Dr. Hook, are ever extolling the Golden Mean and the moderation of the Church of England. A fine old writer of the same Church (Dr. Joseph Beaumont) seems to think that this love of the Mean can be carried too far:
"And witty too in self-delusion, we
Against highstreined piety can plead,
Gravely pretending that extremity
Is Vice's clime; that by the Catholick creed
Of all the world it is acknowledged that
The temperate mean is always Virtue's seat.
Hence comes the race of mongrel goodness: hence
Faint tepidness usurpeth fervour's name;
Hence will the earth-born meteor needs commence,
In his gay glaring robes, sydereal flame;
Hence foolish man, if moderately evil,
Dreams he's a saint because he's not a devil."
Psyche, cant. xxi. 4, 5.
Cf. Bishop Taylor's Life of Christ, part i. sect. v. 9.
Jarltzberg.
Nov. 28, 1853.
P.S.—Not having the fear of Sir Roger Twisden or Mr. Thomas Collis before my eyes, I advisedly made what the latter gentleman is pleased to term a "loose statement" (Vol. viii., p. 631.), when I spoke of the Church of England separating from Rome. As to the Romanists "conforming" for the first twelve (or as some have it nineteen) years of Elizabeth's reign, the less said about that the better for both parties, and especially for the dominant party.[3]
Mr. Collis's dogmatic assertions, that the Roman Catholics "conformed" for the twelve years, and that Popes Paul IV. and Pius IV. offered to confirm the Book of Common Prayer if Elizabeth would acknowledge the papal supremacy, are evidently borrowed, word for word, from Dr. Wordsworth's[4] Theophilus Anglicanus, cap. vii. p. 219. A careful examination of the evidence adduced in support of the latter assertion, shows it to be of the most flimsy description, and refers it to its true basis, viz. hearsay: the reasoning and inferences which prop the evidence are equally flimsy.
Fuller, speaking of this report, says that it originated with "some who love to feign what they cannot find, that they may never appear to be at a loss." (Ch. Hist., b. ix. 69.)
As the question at issue is one of great historical importance, I am prepared, if called on, to give a summary of the case in all its bearings; for the present I content myself with giving the following references:
"Sir Roger Twisden's Historical Vindication of the Church of England in point of Schism, as it stands separated from the Roman. Lond. 1675."—P. 175.
"Bp. Andrewes' Tortura Torti. Lond. 1609."—P. 142.
"Parallel Torti et Tortoris."—P. 241.
"Abp. Bramhall ag. Bp. Chal."—Ch. ii. (vol. ii. p. 85., Oxf. ed.)
"Sir E. Cook's Speech and Charge at Norwich Assizes. 1607."
"Babington upon Numbers. Lond. 1615."—Ch. vii. § 2. p. 35.
"Servi Fidelis subdito infideli Responsis, apud Johannem Dayum. Lond. 1573." (In reply to Saunders' De Visibili Monarchia.)
"Camd. Annal. an. 1560. Lond. 1639."—Pt. i. pp. 47. 49.
(See also Heylin, 303.; Burnet, ii. 387.; Strype, Annal. ch.
The letter which the pontiff did address to Elizabeth is given in Fuller, ix. 68., and Dodd, ii. app. xlvii. p. cccxxi.
N.B.—In the P.S. to my last note, "N. & Q.," Vol. viii., p. 156., was a misprint for Vol. v.
The titles of these books remind one of "a merry disport," which formerly took place in the hall of the Inner Temple. "At the conclusion of the ceremony, a huntsman came into the hall bearing a fox, a pursenet, and a cat, both bound at the end of a staff, attended by nine or ten couples of hounds with the blowing of hunting-horns. Then were the fox and cat set upon and killed by the dogs beneath the fire, to the no small pleasure of the spectators." One of the masque-names in this ceremony was "Sir Morgan Mumchance, of Much Monkery, in the county of Mad Popery."
In Ane Compendious Boke of Godly and Spiritual Songs, Edinburgh, 1621, printed from an old copy, are the following lines, seemingly referring to some such pageant:
"The Hunter is Christ that hunts in haist,
The Hunds are Peter and Pawle,
The Paip is the Fox, Rome is the Rox
That rubbis us on the gall."
See Hone's Year-Book, p. 1513.
The symbolism of the brute creation is copiously employed in Holy Scripture and in ancient writings, and furnishes a magazine of arms in all disputes and party controversies. Thus, the strange sculptures on misereres, &c. are ascribed to contests between the secular and regular clergy: and thus Dryden, in his polemical poem of The Hind and the Panther, made these two animals symbolise respectively the Church of Rome and the Church of England, while the Independents, Calvinists, Quakers, Anabaptists, and other sects are characterised as wolves, bears, boars, foxes—all that is odious and horrible in the brute creation.
"A Jesuit has collected An Alphabetical Catalogue of the Names of Beasts by which the Fathers characterised the Heretics. It may be found in Erotemata de malis ac bonis Libris, p. 93., 4to., 1653, of Father Raynaud. This list of brutes and insects, among which are a variety of serpents, is accompanied by the names of the heretics designated." (See the chapter in D'Israeli's Curios. Lit. on "Literary Controversy," where many other instances of this kind of complimentary epithets are given, especially from the writings of Luther, Calvin, and Beza.)