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قراءة كتاب Play-Making: A Manual of Craftsmanship
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PLAY-MAKING
A Manual of Craftsmanship
by William Archer
With a New Introduction to the Dover Edition
by John Gassner
Sterling Professor of Playwriting and Dramatic Literature, Yale University
PREFATORY NOTE
This book is, to all intents and purposes, entirely new. No considerable portion of it has already appeared, although here and there short passages and phrases from articles of bygone years are embedded--indistinguishably, I hope--in the text. I have tried, wherever it was possible, to select my examples from published plays, which the student may read for himself, and so check my observations. One reason, among others, which led me to go to Shakespeare and Ibsen for so many of my illustrations, was that they are the most generally accessible of playwrights.
If the reader should feel that I have been over lavish in the use of footnotes, I have two excuses to allege. The first is that more than half of the following chapters were written on shipboard and in places where I had scarcely any books to refer to; so that a great deal had to be left to subsequent enquiry and revision. The second is that several of my friends, dramatists and others, have been kind enough to read my manuscript, and to suggest valuable afterthoughts.
LONDON
January, 1912
To
Brander Matthews
Guide Philosopher and Friend
CONTENTS
BOOK I
PROLOGUE
CHAPTER I | INTRODUCTORY |
CHAPTER II | THE CHOICE OF A THEME |
CHAPTER III | DRAMATIC AND UNDRAMATIC |
CHAPTER IV | THE ROUTINE OF COMPOSITION |
CHAPTER V | DRAMATIS PERSONAE |
BOOK II
THE BEGINNING
CHAPTER VI | THE POINT OF ATTACK: SHAKESPEARE AND IBSEN |
CHAPTER VII | EXPOSITION: ITS END AND ITS MEANS |
CHAPTER VIII | THE FIRST ACT |
CHAPTER IX | CURIOSITY" AND "INTEREST" |
CHAPTER X | FORESHADOWING, NOT FORESTALLING |
BOOK III
THE MIDDLE
CHAPTER XI | TENSION AND ITS SUSPENSION |
CHAPTER XII | PREPARATION: THE FINGER-POST |
CHAPTER XIII | THE OBLIGATORY SCENE |
CHAPTER XIV | THE PERIPETY |
CHAPTER XV | PROBABILITY, CHANCE AND COINCIDENCE |
CHAPTER XVI | LOGIC |
CHAPTER XVII | KEEPING A SECRET |
BOOK IV
THE END
CHAPTER XVIII | CLIMAX AND ANTICLIMAX |
CHAPTER XIX | CONVERSION |
CHAPTER XX | BLIND-ALLEY THEMES--AND OTHERS |
CHAPTER XXI | THE FULL CLOSE |
BOOK V
EPILOGUE
CHAPTER XXII | CHARACTER AND PSYCHOLOGY |
CHAPTER XXIII | DIALOGUE AND DETAILS |