style="margin-top: 2em">CHAPTER XVI

FEBRUARY 6, 1830—JUNE 15, 1830

Serra Palace in Genoa.—Starts for Rome.—Rain in the mountains.—A brigand.—Carrara.—First mention of a railroad.—Pisa.—The leaning tower.—Rome at last.—Begins copying at once.—Notebooks.—Ceremonies at the Vatican.—Pope Pius VIII.—Academy of St. Luke's.—St. Peter's.— Chiesa Nuova.—Painting at the Vatican.—Beggar monks.—Festa of the Annunciation.—Soirée at Palazzo Sunbaldi.—Passion Sunday.—Horace Vernet.—Lying in state of a cardinal.—Miserere at Sistine Chapel.— Holy Thursday at St. Peter's.—Third cardinal dies.—Meets Thorwaldsen at Signor Persianis's.—Manners of English, French, and Americans.—Landi's pictures.—Funeral of a young girl.—Trip to Tivoli, Subiaco.—Procession of the Corpus Domini.—Disagreeable experience

CHAPTER XVII

JUNE 17, 1830—FEBRUARY 2, 1831

Working hard.—Trip to Genzano.—Lake of Nemi.—Beggars.—Curious
festival of flowers at Genzano.—Night on the Campagna.—Heat in Rome.—
Illumination of St. Peter's.—St. Peter's Day.—Vaults of the Church.—
Feebleness of Pope.—Morse and companions visit Naples, Capri, and
Amalfi.—Charms of Amalfi.—Terrible accident.—Flippancy at funerals.—
Campo Santo at Naples.—Gruesome conditions.—Ubiquity of beggars.—
Convent of St. Martino.—Masterpiece of Spagnoletto.—Returns to Rome.—
Paints portrait of Thorwaldsen.—Presented to him in after years by John
Taylor Johnston.—Given to King of Denmark.—Reflections on the social
evil and the theatre.—Death of the Pope.—An assassination.—The
Honorable Mr. Spencer and Catholicism.—Election of Pope Gregory XVI

CHAPTER XVIII

FEBRUARY 10, 1831—SEPTEMBER 12, 1831

Historic events witnessed by Morse.—Rumors of revolution.—Danger to
foreigners.—Coronation of the new Pope.—Pleasant experience.—Cause of
the revolution a mystery.—Bloody plot foiled.—Plans to leave for
Florence.—Sends casts, etc., to National Academy of Design.—Leaves
Rome.—Dangers of the journey.—Florence.—Description of meeting Prince
Radziwill in Coliseum at Rome.—Copies portraits of Rubens and Titian in
Florence.—Leaves Florence for Venice.—Disagreeable voyage on the Po.—
Venice, beautiful but smelly.—Copies Tintoret's "Miracle of the Slave."
—Thunderstorms.—Reflections on the Fourth of July.—Leaves Venice.—
Recoaro.—Milan.—Reflections on Catholicism and art.—Como and
Maggiore.—The Rigi.—Schaffhausen and Heidelberg.—Evades the quarantine
on French border.—Thrilling experience.—Paris

CHAPTER XIX

SEPTEMBER 18, 1831—SEPTEMBER 21, 1832

Takes rooms with Horatio Greenough.—Political talk with Lafayette.— Riots in Paris.—Letters from Greenough.—Bunker Hill Monument.—Letters from Fenimore Cooper.—Cooper's portrait by Verboeckhoven.—European criticisms.—Reminiscences of R.W. Habersham.—Hints of an electric telegraph.—Not remembered by Morse.—Early experiments in photography.— Painting of the Louvre.—Cholera in Paris.—Baron von Humboldt.—Morse presides at Fourth of July dinner.—Proposes toast to Lafayette.—Letter to New York "Observer" on Fenimore Cooper.—Also on pride in American citizenship.—Works with Lafayette in behalf of Poles.—Letter from Lafayette.—Morse visits London before sailing for home.—Sits to Leslie for head of Sterne

CHAPTER XX

Morse's life almost equally divided into two periods, artistic and scientific.—Estimate of his artistic ability by Daniel Huntington.—Also by Samuel Isham.—His character as revealed by his letters, notes, etc.— End of Volume I

ILLUSTRATIONS

MORSE THE ARTIST (Photogravure)
    Painted by himself in London about 1814.

HOUSE IN WHICH MORSE WAS BORN, IN CHARLESTOWN, MASS.

REV. JEDEDIAH MORSE AND S. F. B. MORSE—ELIZABETH ANN MORSE AND SIDNEY
  E. MORSE
    From portraits by a Mr. Sargent, who also painted portraits of the
    Washington family.

THE DYING HERCULES
    Painted by Morse in 1813.

LETTER OF MORSE TO HIS PARENTS, OCTOBER 18, 1815.

MR. D. C. DE FOREST—MRS. D. C. DE FOREST
    From paintings by Morse now in the gallery of the Yale School
    of the Fine Arts.

LUCRETIA PICKERING WALKER, WIFE or S. F. B. MORSE, AND TWO CHILDREN
    Painted by Morse.

STUDY FOR PORTRAIT OF LAFAYETTE
    Now in New York Public Library.

ELIZABETH A. MORSE
    Painted by Morse.

JEREMIAH EVARTS
    From a portrait painted by Morse and owned by Sherman Evarts, Esq.

DE WITT CLINTON
    Painted by Morse. Owned by the Metropolitan Museum, New York.

HENRY CLAY
    Painted by Morse. Owned by the Metropolitan Museum, New York.

SUSAN W. MORSE. ELDEST DAUGHTER OF THE ARTIST

SAMUEL F.B. MORSE

HIS LETTERS AND JOURNALS

CHAPTER I

APRIL 27. 1791—SEPTEMBER 8, 1810

Birth of S.F.B. Morse.—His parents.—Letters of Dr. Belknap and Rev. Mr. Wells.—Phillips, Andover.—First letter.—Letter from his father.— Religious letter from Morse to his brothers.—Letters from the mother to her sons.—Morse enters Yale.—His journey there.—Difficulty in keeping up with his class.—Letter of warning from his mother.—Letters of Jedediah Morse to Bishop of London and Lindley Murray.—Morse becomes more studious.—Bill of expenses.—Longing to travel and interest in electricity.—Philadelphia and New York.—Graduates from college.—Wishes to accompany Allston to England, but submits to parents' desires.

Samuel Finley Breese Morse was born in Charlestown, Massachusetts, on the 27th day of April, A.D. 1791. He came of good Puritan stock, his father, Jedediah Morse, being a militant clergyman of the Congregational Church, a fighter for orthodoxy at a time when Unitarianism was beginning to undermine the foundations of the old, austere, childlike faith.

These battles of the churches seem far away to us of the twentieth century, but they were very real to the warriors of those days, and, while many of the tenets of their faith may seem narrow to us, they were gospel to the godly of that tune, and reverence, obedience, filial piety, and courtesy were the rule and not the exception that they are to-day.

Jedediah Morse was a man of note in his day, known and respected at home and abroad; the friend of General Washington and other founders of the Republic; the author of the first American Geography and Gazetteer. His wife, Elizabeth Ann Breese, granddaughter of Samuel Finley, president of Princeton College, was a woman of great strength and yet sweetness of character; adored by her family and friends, a veritable mother in Israel.

Into this serene home atmosphere came young Finley Morse, the eldest of eleven children, only three of whom survived their infancy. The other two were Sidney Edwards and Richard Carey, both eminent men in their day.

Dr. Belknap, of Boston, in a letter to a