href="@public@vhost@g@gutenberg@html@files@12111@[email protected]#T15" class="pginternal" tag="{http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml}a">THE SORROWS OF IRELAND

John Jerome Rooney, A.M., LL.D.

IRISH LEADERS

Shane Leslie

IRISH HEROINES

Alice Milligan

IRISH NATIONALITY

Lord Ashbourne

FAMOUS IRISH SOCIETIES

John O'Dea

THE IRISH IN THE UNITED STATES

Michael J. O'Brien

THE IRISH IN CANADA

James J. Walsh, M.D.

THE IRISH IN SOUTH AMERICA

Marion Mulhall

THE IRISH IN AUSTRALASIA

Brother Leo, F.S.C., M.A.

THE IRISH IN SOUTH AFRICA

A. Hilliard Atteridge

THE IRISH LANGUAGE AND LETTERS

Douglas Hyde, LL.D.

NATIVE IRISH POETRY

Georges Dottin

IRISH HEROIC SAGAS

Eleanor Hull

IRISH PRECURSORS OF DANTE

Sidney Gunn, M.A.

IRISH INFLUENCE ON ENGLISH LITERATURE

Edmund C. Quiggin, M.A.

IRISH FOLK LORE

Alfred Perceval Graves

IRISH WIT AND HUMOR

Charles L. Graves

THE IRISH THEATRE

Joseph Holloway

IRISH JOURNALISTS

Michael MacDonagh

THE IRISH LITERARY REVIVAL

Horatio S. Krans, Ph.D.

IRISH WRITERS OF ENGLISH

P.J. Lennox, B.A., Litt. D.

THE GLORIES OF IRELAND

THE ROMANCE OF IRISH HISTORY

By SIR ROGER CASEMENT, C.M.G.

The history of Ireland remains to be written, for the purpose of Irishmen remains yet to be achieved.

The struggle for national realization, begun so many centuries ago, is not ended; and if the long story offers a so frequent record of failure, it offers a continuous appeal to the highest motives and a constant exhibition of a most pathetic patriotism linked with the sternest courage.

Irish wars, throughout all time, have been only against one enemy, the invader, and, ending so often in material disaster, they have conferred always a moral gain. Their memory uplifts the Irish heart; for no nation, no people, can reproach Ireland with having wronged them.

When, at the dawn of the Christian era, we first hear of Ireland from external sources, we learn of it as an island harboring free men, whose indomitable love of freedom was hateful to the spirit of imperial exploitation.

Agricola's advice to the empire-builders of his day was that Rome should "war down and take possession of Ireland, so that freedom might be put out of sight."

It was to meet this challenge of despotism that the Scotic clans of Alba turned to their motherland for help, and the sea was "white with the hurrying oars" of the men of Erin speeding to the call of their Highland kinsmen, threatened with imperial servitude.

The first external record we possess thus makes it clear that when the early Irish went forth to carry war abroad, it was not to impose their yoke on other peoples, or to found an empire, but to battle against the Empire of the World in the threatened cause they held so dear at home.

In this early Roman reference to Ireland we get the keynote to all later Irish history—a warring down on the one hand, so that freedom might be put out of sight; an eternal resistance, on the other, so that it might be upheld.

It was this struggle that Ireland sought to maintain against every form of attack, down through Danish, Norman, Tudor, Stuart, and Cromwellian assault, to the larger imperialism of the nineteenth century, when, as Thierry, the historian of the Norman Conquest, tells us, it still remained the one "lost cause" of history that refused to admit defeat. "This indomitable persistency, this faculty of preserving through centuries of misery the remembrance of lost liberty and of never despairing of a cause always defeated, always fatal to those who dared to defend it, is perhaps the strangest and noblest example ever given by any nation."

The resources Ireland opposed to her invaders have been unequal to the founding of a great state, but have preserved a great tradition. The weakness of Ireland lay in the absence of a central organization, a state machine that could mobilize the national resources to defend the national life. That life had to depend for its existence, under the stress of prolonged invasion, on the spontaneous