class="pginternal" tag="{http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml}a">⁹ to conclude that the carbonic acid combined with normal carbonates, forming bicarbonates, dissolved in the water of the globe is ten times greater in quantity than that of the atmosphere, and on account of this available carbonic acid, if the atmosphere should be deprived of some of its carbonic acid, the loss would soon be supplied.

As, in nearly all of the methods which were employed for estimating carbonic acid in the air, provision is not made for the exclusion of air not measured containing carbonic acid from the alkaline fluid before titrating or weighing, the results are generally too high and show a far greater variation than is found by more exact methods. For example, Gilm¹⁰ found from 36 to 48 volumes; Levy's¹¹ average is 34 volumes; De Luna's¹² 50 volumes; and Fodor's,¹³ 38.9 volumes. Admitting that the quantity of carbonic acid in the air is subject to variation, yet the results of Reiset's and Schultze's estimations go to prove that the variation is within narrow limits.

Indiana University Chemical Laboratory,
Bloomington, Indiana.

—Amer. Chem. Journal.

[1]
See SCI. AM. SUPPLEMENT No. 577.

[2]
Comptes Rendus, 88, 1007.

[3]
Comptes Rendus, 90, 1144.

[4]
Chem. Centralblatt, 1872 and 1875.

[5]
Comptes Rendus, 96, 1793.

[6]
Berichte der deutsch chem. Gesellschaft, 9, 174.

[7]
Comptes Rendus, 74, 1552, and 75, 70.

[8]
Comptes Rendus, 101, 949.

[9]
Comptes Rendus, 90, 1410.

[10]
Sitzungsher. d. Wien. Akad. d. Wissenschaften, 34, 257.

[11]
Ann. d. l'Observ. d. Mountsouris, 1878 and 1879.

[12]
Estudios quimicos sobre el aire atmosferico, Madrid, 1860.

[13]
Hygien. Untersuch., 1, 10.

ANALYSIS OF KOLA NUT.

Alkaloids or crystallizable principles: