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قراءة كتاب Scientific American Supplement, No. 443, June 28, 1884

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Scientific American Supplement, No. 443,  June 28, 1884

Scientific American Supplement, No. 443, June 28, 1884

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دار النشر: Project Gutenberg
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SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN SUPPLEMENT NO. 443.

NEW YORK, JUNE 28, 1884.

Scientific American Supplement. Vol. XVII., No. 443.

Scientific American established 1845

Scientific American Supplement, $5 a year.

Scientific American and Supplement, $7 a year.


TABLE OF CONTENTS.
I. CHEMISTRY AND METALLURGY.—Beeswax and its Adulterations. —Chemical ingredients.—Detection of adulterations. 7064
Phenol in the Stem, Leaves, and Cones of Pinus Sylvestris. —A discovery bearing on the flora of the Carboniferous epoch and the formation of petroleum. 7065
The School of Physics and Chemistry of Paris.—With engraving of laboratory. 7065
Some Relations of Heat to Voltaic and Thermo Electric Action of Metals in Electrolysis.—By G. GORE. 7070
II. ENGINEERING, MECHANICS, ETC.—Air Refrigerating Machine.—5 figures. 7071
A Gas Radiator and Heater. 7071
Concrete Water Pipes. 7071
The Sellers Standard System of Screw Threads. Nuts, and Bolt Heads.—A table. 7072
An English Railway Ferry Boat.—3 figures. 7072
The Problem of Flight and the Flying Machine. 7072
III. TECHNICAL.—Concrete Buildings for Farms.—How to construct them. 7063
What Causes Paint to Blister and Peel?—How to prevent it. 7063
Olive Oil.—Difficulties encountered in raising an olive crop.—Process of making Oil. 7064
IV. ELECTRICITY. ETC.—Telephony and Telegraphy on the Same Wires Simultaneously.—4 figures. 7067
The Electric Marigraph.—An apparatus for measuring the height of the tide.—With engravings and diagrams showing the Siemens and Halske marigraph and the operation of the same. 7068
Delune & Co.'s System of Laying Underground Cables.—2 figures. 7069
Electricity Applied to Horseshoeing.—Quieting an unruly animal.—3 engravings. 7069
Esteve's Automatic Pile.—1 figure. 7070
Woodward's Diffusion Motor. 7070
V. ASTRONOMY.—Lunar Heat.—Its reflected and obscure heat.—Trifling influence of the moon upon wind and weather.—By Prof. C.A. YOUNG. 7073
VI. NATURAL HISTORY.—The Long-haired Pointer "Mylord." —With engraving. 7073
VII. HORTICULTURE, ETC.—Apple Tree Borers.—Protection against the same. 7074
Keffel's Germinating Apparatus.—With engraving. 7074
Millet.—Its Cultivation. 7074
VIII. MISCELLANEOUS.—Puerta del Sol, Madrid, Spain.—With engraving. 7063
Dust-free Spaces.—A lecture delivered by Dr. OLIVER J. LODGE before the Royal Dublin Society. 7067

PUERTA DEL SOL, MADRID.

Puerta del Sol, or Gate of the Sun, Madrid, is the most famous and

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