[Frontispiece: Gambetta proclaiming the Republic of France.
From the painting by Howard Pyle.]

A SHORT HISTORY OF FRANCE

BY

MARY PLATT PARMELE

ILLUSTRATED

NEW YORK

CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS

1907

Copyright, 1894, By

WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON


Copyright, 1898, 1905, 1906, By

CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS

CONTENTS.

CHAPTER I.

Early Conditions in Gaul

CHAPTER II.

Julius Caesar's Conquest of Gaul
Lutetia

CHAPTER III.

Birth of Christianity
Its Dissemination
Its Espousal by the Roman Empire
Hunnish Invasion

CHAPTER IV.

The Frank in Gaul
Clovis
Rois-Fainéants
Charles Martel
Mahometanism
Pepin Seizes the Crown

CHAPTER V.

Charlemagne
Holy Roman Empire
Treaty of Verdun

CHAPTER VI.

Invasions by Northmen
Normandy Given to Invaders
Feudalism
Decline of Kingship
Ascendancy of the Church
Hugh Capet
"Truce of God"
William the Conqueror

CHAPTER VII.

Social Structure of France
Free Cities
Their Creation and Enfranchisement
The Crusades
Philip Augustus
War with King John of England
Toulouse and the Albigensian War

CHAPTER VIII.

Abelard
Louis IX.
End of Crusades
Philip III.
Philip IV. and Papacy
Creation of States-General
Popes at Avignon
Knights Templar Exterminated
Change in Succession

CHAPTER IX.

Edward III. Claims French Throne
Crécy
Poitiers
Treaty of Bretigny
Charles V. and Bertrand du Guesclin
Death of Black Prince
Charles VI.
A Mad King
Feud Between Houses of Orleans and Burgundy
Siege of Orleans
Joan of Arc
Charles VII.

CHAPTER X.

Standing Army Created
Louis XI.
The Passing of Mediaevalism
Charles VIII.
Invasion of Italy
Louis XII.
Francis I.
Struggle for Throne of the German Empire
The Reformation

CHAPTER XI.

The House of Guise
Marie Stuart
Francis II.
His Death
Regency of Catharine de' Medici
Her Designs
Coligny
Henry of Navarre
His Marriage
Charles IX.
St. Bartholomew's Eve
Henry III.
His Death
Henry of Navarre King

CHAPTER XII.

Edict of Nantes
Ravaillac
Louis XIII.
Regency of Maria de' Medici
Richelieu
The Fronde

CHAPTER XIII.

Louis XIV.
Four Great Wars
Revocation of Edict of Nantes
A Victorious Coalition
Death of Louis XIV.
Louis XV.

CHAPTER XIV.

John Law
Life at Versailles
Marriage of Dauphin
Unseen Currents
Approaching Crisis
Death of Louis XV.

CHAPTER XV.

Louis XVI.
American Revolution
Turgot
Necker
States-General Summoned
National Assembly
Destruction of Bastille
Revolution
Lafayette
Varennes
The Temple
Triumphant Jacobins
Execution of the King
Charlotte Corday
Execution of Queen
Fate of the Dauphin
Girondists
Philippe Égalité
Revolution Ended

CHAPTER XVI.

France a Republic
Napoleon Bonaparte
Breaking Chains in Italy
Campo Formio
Campaign in Egypt
An Empire
Rapid Steps from Toulon to Versailles
A New Map of Europe
Maria Louisa
Moscow
Leipsic
Elba

CHAPTER XVII.

Louis XVIII.
Return of Napoleon
Waterloo
St. Helena
Bourbon Restoration
Charles X.
Louis Philippe
Revolution
Second Republic
Louis Napoleon

CHAPTER XVIII.

Second French Republic
The Coup d'État
Napoleon III.
A "Liberator" in Italy
Peace of Villafranca
Suez Canal
An Empire in Mexico
Franco-Prussian War