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قراءة كتاب History of Egypt, Chaldæa, Syria, Babylonia, and Assyria, Volume 2 (of 12)
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History of Egypt, Chaldæa, Syria, Babylonia, and Assyria, Volume 2 (of 12)
HISTORY OF EGYPT
CHALDEA, SYRIA, BABYLONIA, AND ASSYRIA
By G. MASPERO,
Honorable Doctor of Civil Laws, and Fellow of Queen's College,
Oxford; Member of the Institute and Professor at the College of France
Edited by A. H. SAYCE,
Professor of Assyriology, Oxford
Translated by M. L. McCLURE,
Member of the Committee of the Egypt Exploration Fund
CONTAINING OVER TWELVE HUNDRED COLORED PLATES AND ILLUSTRATIONS
Volume II.
LONDON
THE GROLIER SOCIETY
PUBLISHERS
THE POLITICAL CONSTITUTION OF EGYPT
THE KING, QUEEN, AND ROYAL PRINCES—PHARAONIC ADMINISTRATION
FEUDALISM AND THE EGYPTIAN PRIESTHOOD, THE MILITARY—THE CITIZENS AND THE COUNTRY-PEOPLE.
The cemeteries of Gizeh and Saqqâra: the Great Sphinx; the mastabas, their chapel and its decoration, the statues of the double, the sepulchral vault—Importance of the wall-paintings and texts of the mastabas in determining the history of the Memphite dynasties.
The king and the royal family—Double nature and titles of the sovereign: his Horus-names, and the progressive formation of the Pharaonic Protocol—Royal etiquette an actual divine worship; the insignia and prophetic statues of Pharaoh, Pharaoh the mediator between the gods and his subjects—Pharaoh in family life; his amusements, his occupations, his cares—His harem: the women, the queen, her origin, her duties to the king—His children: their position in the State; rivalry among them during the old age and at the death of their father; succession to the throne, consequent revolutions.
The royal city: the palace and its occupants—The royal household and its officers: Pharaoh's jesters, dwarfs, and magicians—The royal domain and the slaves, the treasury and the establishments which provided for its service: the buildings and places for the receipt of taxes—The scribe, his education, his chances of promotion: the career of Amten, his successive offices, the value of his personal property at his death.
Egyptian feudalism: the status of the lords, their rights, their amusements, their obligations to the sovereign—The influence of the gods: gifts to the temples, and possessions in mortmain; the priesthood, its hierarchy, and the method of recruiting its ranks—The military: foreign mercenaries; native militia, their privileges, their training.
The people of the towns—The slaves, men without a master—Workmen and artisans; corporations: misery of handicraftsmen—Aspect of the towns: houses, furniture, women in family life—Festivals; periodic markets, bazaars: commerce by barter, the weighing of precious metals.
The country people—The villages; serfs, free peasantry—Rural domains; the survey, taxes; the bastinado, the corvée—Administration of justice, the relations between peasants and their lords; misery of the peasantry; their resignation and natural cheerfulness; their improvidence; their indifference to political revolutions.
CONTENTS
CHAPTER I—THE POLITICAL CONSTITUTION OF EGYPT
CHAPTER II—THE MEMPHITE EMPIRE
CHAPTER III—THE FIRST THEBAN EMPIRE
List of Illustrations
004.jpg the Mastaba of Khomtini in The Necropolis Of GÎzeh
006.jpg the Great Sphinx of GÎzeh Partially Uncovered, And the Pyramid of Khephren
008.jpg TetiniÔnkhÛ, Sitting Before the Funeral Repast
009.jpg the Façade and The Stele of The Tomb Of Phtahshopsisu at Saqqara
010.jpg Stele in the Form of a Door
014.jpg a Representation of the Domains Of The Lord Ti, Bringing to Him Offerings in Procession
021.jpg the Birth of a King and his Double
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