قراءة كتاب A history of China., [3d ed. rev. and enl.]

قراءة كتاب A history of China., [3d ed. rev. and enl.]

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‏اللغة: English

A history of China., [3d ed. rev. and enl.]

A history of China., [3d ed. rev. and enl.]

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المؤلف:

Eberhard Wolfram

دار النشر: Project Gutenberg

الصفحة رقم: 4

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5 Military collapse 221

(2) The Liao (Kitan) dynasty in the north (937-1125)

1 Sociological structure. Claim to the Chinese imperial throne 222
2 The State of the Kara-Kitai 223

(3) The Hsi-Hsia State in the north (1038-1227)

1 Continuation of Turkish traditions 224

(4) The empire of the Southern Sung dynasty (1127-1279)

1 Foundation 225
2 Internal situation 226
3 Cultural situation; reasons for the collapse 227

(5) The empire of the Juchên in the north (1115-1234)

1 Rapid expansion from northern Korea to the Yangtze 229
2 United front of all Chinese 229
3 Start of the Mongol empire 230

Chapter X: THE PERIOD OF ABSOLUTISM

(A) The Mongol Epoch (1280-1368)

1 Beginning of new foreign rules 232
2 "Nationality legislation" 233
3 Military position 234
4 Social situation 235
5 Popular risings: National rising 238
6 Cultural 241

(B) The Ming Epoch (1368-1644)

1 Start. National feeling 243
2 Wars against Mongols and Japanese 244
3 Social legislation within the existing order 246
4 Colonization and agricultural developments 248
5 Commercial and industrial developments 250
6 Growth of the small gentry 252
7 Literature, art, crafts 253
8 Politics at court 256
9 Navy. Southward expansion 258
10 Struggles between cliques 259
11 Risings 262
12 Machiavellism 263
13 Foreign relations in the sixteenth century 264
14 External and internal perils 266

(C) The Manchu Dynasty (1644-1911)

1 Installation of the Manchus 270
2 Decline in the eighteenth century 272
3 Expansion in Central Asia; the first State treaty

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