قراءة كتاب Hemp Hurds as Paper-Making Material
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Hemp Hurds as Paper-Making Material
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
BULLETIN No. 404
Contribution from the Bureau of Plant Industry
WM. A. TAYLOR, Chief
PROFESSIONAL PAPER
HEMP HURDS AS PAPER-MAKING MATERIAL.
By Lyster H. Dewey, Botanist in Charge of Fiber-Plant Investigations, and Jason L. Merrill, Paper-Plant Chemist, Paper-Plant Investigations.
CONTENTS.
| Page | Page | ||
| The production and handling of hemp hurds. | The manufacture of paper from hemp hurds. | ||
| by Lyster H. Dewey: | by Jason L. Merrill: | ||
| What hemp hurds are | 1 | Introduction | 7 |
| Pith, wood, and fiber | 2 | Factors justifying an investigation of hemp hurds | 8 |
| Character of hurds affected by retting | 2 | Character of the material | 11 |
| Proportion of hurds to fiber and yield per acre | 3 | Character of the tests | 12 |
| Hurds available from machine-broken hemp | 3 | Operations involved in a test | 13 |
| Present uses of hemp hurds | 4 | Description of tests | 16 |
| Present supplies of hurds available | 5 | Comparison of the tests and commercial practice | 21 |
| Baling for shipment | 5 | Physical tests of the papers produced | 24 |
| Cost of baling | 5 | Conclusions | 25 |
| Summary | 6 | ||
In preparing the report on the manufacture of paper from hemp hurds it became evident that a short discussion of the agricultural aspects of this material should be included in the publication. Such an article was prepared, therefore, and the two reports are here presented together.
Note. —This bulletin should be useful to all persons who are interested in the economic phases of paper making, especially to print and book paper manufacturers. It also should be of interest to scientific investigators and chemists.
THE PRODUCTION AND HANDLING OF HEMP HURDS.
By Lyster H. Dewey, Botanist in Charge of Fiber-Plant Investigations.
WHAT HEMP HURDS ARE.
The woody inner portion of the hemp stalk, broken into pieces and separated from the fiber in the processes of breaking and scutching, is called hemp hurds. These hurds correspond to shives in flax, but are much coarser and are usually softer in texture.
-2- The hemp stalk grown in a broadcast crop for
