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قراءة كتاب Prince Henry the Navigator, the Hero of Portugal and of Modern Discovery, 1394-1460 A.D. With an Account of Geographical Progress Throughout the Middle Ages As the Preparation for His Work.

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Prince Henry the Navigator, the Hero of Portugal and of Modern Discovery, 1394-1460 A.D.
With an Account of Geographical Progress Throughout the Middle Ages As the Preparation for His Work.

Prince Henry the Navigator, the Hero of Portugal and of Modern Discovery, 1394-1460 A.D. With an Account of Geographical Progress Throughout the Middle Ages As the Preparation for His Work.

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The Project Gutenberg eBook, Prince Henry the Navigator, the Hero of Portugal and of Modern Discovery, 1394-1460 A.D., by C. Raymond Beazley

Title: Prince Henry the Navigator, the Hero of Portugal and of Modern Discovery, 1394-1460 A.D.

With an Account of Geographical Progress Throughout the Middle Ages As the Preparation for His Work.

Author: C. Raymond Beazley

Release Date: July 4, 2006 [eBook #18757]

Language: English

Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1

***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK PRINCE HENRY THE NAVIGATOR, THE HERO OF PORTUGAL AND OF MODERN DISCOVERY, 1394-1460 A.D.***

 

E-text prepared by Suzanne Lybarger
and the Project Gutenberg Online Distributed Proofreading Team
(http://www.pgdp.net/)

 


 

Heroes of the Nations.

PER VOLUME, CLOTH, $1.50.—HALF MOROCCO, $1.75.

I.—Nelson, and the Naval Supremacy of England. By W. Clark Russell, author of "The Wreck of the Grosvenor," etc.

II.—Gustavus Adolphus, and the Struggle of Protestantism for Existence. By C.R.L. Fletcher, M.A., late Fellow of All Souls College, Oxford.

III.—Pericles, and the Golden Age of Athens. By Evelyn Abbott, M.A., Fellow of Balliol College, Oxford.

IV.—Theodoric the Goth, the Barbarian Champion of Civilisation. By Thomas Hodgkin, author of "Italy and Her Invaders," etc.

V.—Sir Philip Sidney: Type of English Chivalry. By H.R. Fox Bourne.

VI.—Julius Cæsar, and the Organisation of the Roman Empire. By Warde Fowler, M.A., Fellow of Lincoln College, Oxford.

VII.—Wyclif, Last of the Schoolmen and First of the English Reformers. By Lewis Sergeant.

VIII.—Napoleon, Warrior and Ruler; and the Military Supremacy of Revolutionary France. By William O'Connor Morris.

IX.—Henry of Navarre, and the Huguenots in France. By P.F. Willert, M.A., Fellow of Exeter College, Oxford.

X.—Cicero, and the Fall of the Roman Republic. By J.L. Strachan-Davidson, M.A., Fellow of Balliol College, Oxford.

XI.—Abraham Lincoln, and the Downfall of American Slavery. By Noah Brooks.

XII.—Prince Henry (of Portugal) the Navigator, and the Age of Discovery. By C.R. Beazley, Fellow of Merton College, Oxford.

XIII.—Julian the Philosopher, and the Last Struggle of Paganism against Christianity. By Alice Gardner, Lecturer on Ancient History, Newnham College.

XIV.—Louis XIV., and the Zenith of the French Monarchy. By Arthur Hassall, M.A., Senior Student of Christ Church College, Oxford.

(For titles of volumes next to appear and for further details of this Series see prospectus at end of volume.)


G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS, Publishers

NEW YORK AND LONDON


Heroes of the Nations

EDITED BY
Evelyn Abbot, M.A.
FELLOW OF BALLIOL COLLEGE, OXFORD


FACTA DUCIS VIVENT, OPEROSAQUE GLORIA RERUM.—OVID, IN LIVIAM, 265.

THE HERO'S DEEDS AND HARD-WON FAME SHALL LIVE.


PRINCE HENRY THE NAVIGATOR


GATEWAY AT BELEM. WITH STATUE, BETWEEN THE DOORS, OF PRINCE HENRY IN ARMOUR.

GATEWAY AT BELEM.
with statue, between the doors, of prince henry in armour.


PRINCE HENRY THE NAVIGATOR

THE HERO OF PORTUGAL AND OF MODERN DISCOVERY

1394-1460 A.D.

WITH AN ACCOUNT OF GEOGRAPHICAL PROGRESS THROUGHOUT THE MIDDLE AGES AS THE PREPARATION FOR HIS WORK

BY

C. RAYMOND BEAZLEY, M.A., F.R.G.S.

FELLOW OF MERTON COLLEGE, OXFORD; GEOGRAPHICAL STUDENT IN THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD, 1894

Venient annis sæcula seris
Quibus Oceanus vincula rerum
Laxet, et ingens pateat tellus,
Tethys que novos detegat orbes,
Nec sit terris ultima Thule.

Seneca, Medea 376/380.


G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS

NEW YORK
27 WEST TWENTY-THIRD STREET

LONDON
24 BEDFORD STREET, STRAND

The Knickerbocker Press

1895


Copyright, 1894

BY

G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS

Entered at Stationers' Hall, London


Electrotyped, Printed and Bound by
The Knickerbocker Press, New York
G. P. Putnam's Sons


decorative illustration

CONTENTS.

PAGE
PREFACE xvii
INTRODUCTION.
THE GREEK AND ARABIC IDEAS OF THE WORLD, AS THE CHIEF INHERITANCE OF THE CHRISTIAN MIDDLE AGES IN GEOGRAPHICAL KNOWLEDGE. 1
CHAPTER I.
EARLY CHRISTIAN PILGRIMS (CIRCA 333-867) 29
CHAPTER II.
VIKINGS OR NORTHMEN (CIRCA 787-1066) 50
CHAPTER III.
THE CRUSADES AND LAND TRAVEL (CIRCA 1100-1300) 76
CHAPTER IV.
MARITIME EXPLORATION (CIRCA 1250-1410) 106
CHAPTER V.
GEOGRAPHICAL SCIENCE IN

Pages