tag="{http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml}a">13

4. Map showing journey from Constantinople to Teheran, latter part of journey to Baku, and journey from Baku across Persia to Baghdad and back to Teheran 30 5. Map showing journey from Orenburg to the Pamir 56 6. Map showing journey from Teheran to Baluchistan 73 7. Map of Northern India, showing rivers and mountain ranges 82 8. Map of Eastern Turkestan 90 9. Tibet 112 10. Map of India, showing journey from Nushki to Leh, and journey from Tibet through Simla, etc., to Bombay 132 11. The Sunda Islands 154 12. Map showing voyage from Bombay to Hong Kong 158 13. Map of Northern China and Mongolia 174 14. Map showing journey from Shanghai through Japan and Korea to Dalny 184 15. The Trans-Siberian Railway 203 16. Map showing journey from Stockholm to Paris 216 17. Map showing journey from Paris to Alexandria 230 18. Map of North-Eastern Africa, showing Egypt and the Sudan 237 19. Livingstone's Journeys in Africa 262 20. North-West Africa 298 21. Toscanelli's Map 308 22. North America 325 23. South America 343 24. The South Seas 366 25. The North Polar Regions 378 26. The South Polar Regions 405

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PART I

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I

ACROSS EUROPE

Stockholm to Berlin

Our journey begins at Stockholm, the capital of my native country. Leaving Stockholm by train in the evening, we travel all night in comfortable sleeping-cars and arrive next morning at the southernmost point of Sweden, the port of Trelleborg, where the sunlit waves sweep in from the Baltic Sea.

Here we might expect to have done with railway travelling, and we rather look for the guard to come and open the carriage doors and ask the passengers to alight. Surely it is not intended that the train shall go on right across the sea? Yet that is actually what happens. The same train and the same carriages, which bore us out of Stockholm yesterday evening, go calmly across the Baltic Sea, and we need not get out before we arrive at Berlin. The section of the train which is to go on to Germany is run by an engine on to a great ferry-boat moored to the quay by heavy clamps and hooks of iron. The rails on Swedish ground are closely connected with those on the ferry-boat, and when the carriages are pushed on board by the engine, they are fastened with chains and hooks so that they may remain quite steady even if the vessel begins to roll. As the traveller lies dozing in his compartment, he will certainly hear whistles and the rattle of iron gear and will notice that the compartment suddenly becomes quite dark. But only when the monotonous groaning and the constant vibration of the wheels has given place to a gentle and silent heaving will he know that he is out on the Baltic Sea.

We are by no means content, however, to lie down and doze. Scarcely have the carriages been anchored on the ferry-boat