An Introduction to the Industrial and Social History of England

New Sixteenth Century Manor House with Fields still Open, Gidea Hall, Essex.
Nichols: Progresses of Queen Elizabeth.

An Introduction
to the
Industrial and Social History
of England

BY

EDWARD P. CHEYNEY

PROFESSOR OF EUROPEAN HISTORY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA

New York
THE MACMILLAN COMPANY
LONDON: MACMILLAN & CO., Ltd.
1916

All rights reserved

Copyright, 1901,
By THE MACMILLAN COMPANY.

Set up and electrotyped. Published April, 1901. Reprinted January, October, 1905; November, 1906; October, 1907; July, 1908; February, 1909; January, 1910; April, December, 1910; January, August, December, 1911; July, 1912; January, 1913; February, August, 1914; January, November, 1915; April, 1916.

PREFACE

This text-book is intended for college and high-school classes. Most of the facts stated in it have become, through the researches and publications of recent years, such commonplace knowledge that a reference to authority in each case has not seemed necessary. Statements on more doubtful points, and such personal opinions as I have had occasion to express, although not supported by references, are based on a somewhat careful study of the sources. To each chapter is subjoined a bibliographical paragraph with the titles of the most important secondary authorities. These works will furnish a fuller account of the matters that have been treated in outline in this book, indicate the original sources, and give opportunity and suggestions for further study. An introductory chapter and a series of narrative paragraphs prefixed to other chapters are given with the object of correlating matters of economic and social history with other aspects of the life of the nation.

My obligation and gratitude are due, as are those of all later students, to the group of scholars who have within our own time laid the foundations of the study of economic history, and whose names and books will be found referred to in the bibliographical paragraphs.

EDWARD P. CHEYNEY.
University of Pennsylvania,
January, 1901.

CONTENTS

CHAPTER I

Growth of the Nation To the Middle of the Fourteenth Century

• The Geography of England
• Prehistoric Britain
• Roman Britain
• Early Saxon England
• Danish and Late Saxon England
• The Period following the Norman Conquest
• The Period of the Early Angevin Kings, 1154-1338

CHAPTER II

Rural Life and Organization

• The Mediæval Village
• The Vill as an Agricultural System
• Classes of People on the Manor
• The Manor Courts
• The Manor as an Estate of a Lord
• Bibliography

CHAPTER III

Town Life and Organization

• The Town Government
• The Gild Merchant
• The Craft Gilds
• Non-industrial Gilds
• Bibliography

CHAPTER IV

Mediæval Trade and Commerce

• Markets and Fairs
• Trade Relations between Towns
• Foreign Trading Relations
• The Italian and Eastern Trade
• The Flanders Trade and the Staple
• The Hanse Trade