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قراءة كتاب Old Mackinaw; Or, The Fortress of the Lakes and its Surroundings

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‏اللغة: English

Old Mackinaw; Or, The Fortress of the Lakes and its Surroundings

Old Mackinaw; Or, The Fortress of the Lakes and its Surroundings

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المؤلف:

Strickland W P (William Peter)

دار النشر: Project Gutenberg

الصفحة رقم: 1

OLD MACKINAW;
OR,
THE FORTRESS OF THE LAKES
AND
ITS SURROUNDINGS.
BY
W. P. STRICKLAND.

Philadelphia: James Challen & Son,
New York: CARLTON & PORTER. — Cincinnati: POE & HITCHCOCK.
Chicago: W. H. DOUGHTY. — Detroit: PUTNAM, SMITH & CO.
Nashville: J. B. McFERRIN.
1860.

Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year, 1860, by
JAMES CHALLEN & SON,
In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States, in and for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania.

PHILADELPHIA:
STEREOTYPED BY S. A. GEORGE,
607 SANSOM STREET.

PREFACE.

In the preparation of this volume a large number of works have been consulted, among which the author desires to acknowledge his indebtedness to the following: "The Travels of Baron La Hontan," published in English and French, 1705; "Relations des Jesuits," in three vols., octavo; "Marquette's Journal;" Schoolcraft's works, in three volumes; "Shea's Catholic Missions and Discovery of the Mississippi" "American Annals;" "Lanman's History of Michigan;" "Parkman's Siege of Pontiac;" "Annals of the West;" "Foster and Whitney's Geological Report;" "Ferris' Great West;" "Disturnell's Trip to the Lakes;" "Lanman's Summer in the Wilderness;" "Pietzell's Lights and Shades of Missionary Life;" "Life of Rev. John Clark;" "Lectures before the Historical Society of Michigan;" "Mansfield's Mackinaw City;" "Andrews' Report of Lake Trade;" "Heriot's Canada;" "Presbyterian Missions," &c., &c. He desires particularly to mention the works of Schoolcraft, which have thrown more light on Indian history than the productions of any other author. He also desires to acknowledge his indebtedness to Wm. M. Johnson, Esq., of Mackinac Island, for his valuable contributions to the history of that interesting locality. The statistics in relation to that portion of the country embraced in the work are taken from the most recent sources, and are believed to be perfectly reliable.

We are indebted to J. W. Bradley, of Philadelphia, the publisher of "The North American Indians," for the beautiful frontispiece in this work. Mr. Catlin, the author, visited every noted tribe, and, by residing among them, was initiated into many of their secret and hidden mysteries. It is a valuable work.

CONTENTS.

CHAPTER I.

Mackinaw and its surroundings — Indian legends — Hiawatha — Ottawas and Ojibwas — Pau-pau-ke-wis — San-ge-man — Kau-be-man — An Indian custom — Dedication to the spirits — Au-se-gum-ugs — Exploits of San-ge-man — Point St. Ignatius — Magic lance — Council of peace — Conquests of San-ge-man.

CHAPTER II.

Indian spiritualists — Medicine men — Legends — The spirit-world — Difference between Indian and modern spiritualists — Chusco the spiritualist — Schoolcraft's testimony of — Mode of communicating with spirits — Belief in Satanic agency — Interesting account of clairvoyance.

CHAPTER III.

Marquette's visit to Iroquois Point — Chapel and Fort — Old Mackinaw — The French settlement in the Northwest — Erection of chapel and Fort — The gateway of commerce — The rendezvous of traders, trappers, soldiers, missionaries, and Indians — Description of fort — Courriers des Bois — Expedition of Marquette and Joliet to explore the Mississippi — Green Bay — Fox River — Wisconsin — Mississippi — Peoria Indians — Return trip — Kaskaskia Indians — St. Xavier Missions — Mission to "the Illinois" — Marquette's health declines — Starts out on return trip to Mackinaw — Dies and is buried at mouth of Marquette River — Indians remove his remains to Mackinaw — Funeral cortege — Ceremonies — Burial in the chapel — Changes of time — Schoolcraft on the place of Marquette's burial — Missilimackinac — Name of Jesuit missions.

CHAPTER IV.

La Salle's visit to Mackinaw — English traders — La Hontan's visit — Mackinaw an English fort — Speech of a Chippewa chief — Indian stratagem — Massacre of the English at the fort — Escape of Mr. Alexander Henry — Early white settlement of Mackinaw — Present description — Relations of the Jesuits — Remarkable Phenomena — Parhelia — Subterranean river.

CHAPTER V.

Island of the giant fairies — Possession by the English — Erection of government house — French remain at Old Mackinaw — Finally abandoned — Extent of the island — History — Description — Natural curiosities — Arch Rock — Sugar Loaf Rock — Scull Rock — Dousman's farm — Davenport's farm — Robinson's folly — The Devil's Punch Bowl — Healthful atmosphere — Transparency of the waters — Compared with Saratoga, Cape May, and Mt. Washington as a point for health and recreation — Description of a traveler in 1854 — Arrival of steamers and sailing vessels at the port during the year — Mr. Johnson's reminiscences — Indian name of island — Mythology — Three brothers of the great genii — Visit to the subterranean abode of the genii — Vision — Apostrophe of an old Indian chief — Old buildings — Door of Marquette's chapel — John Jacob Astor and the fur trade — Present support of the place — Fort Mackinaw — Fort Holmes — Fine view — Interesting localities — War of 1812 — Death of Major Holmes — Soil of the island.

CHAPTER VI.

Lake Superior — Scenery — Transparency of its waters — Climate — Isle Royale — Apostles' Islands — La Point — Thunder Cape — Cariboo Point — A wonderful lake — Romantic scenery — Pictured rocks — Rock Castle — The Grand Portal — The chapel — Fluctuations in the waters of Lake Superior — Curious phenomena — Retrocession of the waters — Mirage — Iron mountains and mines — Description of — Products — Shipments — Copper — Immense boulders — Produce of the mines for 1857 — Shipment of copper from the Lake for 1858 — Centre of the mining country — Iron mountains — Copper mines of Great Britain — Coal — Mackinaw a great manufacturing point — Key to the Upper Lakes —

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