class="pginternal" tag="{http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml}a">75

CHAPTER IV.

SHADOW LINES AND LINE-SHADING.

Section lining or cross-hatching 77 To represent cylindrical pieces one within the other; to represent a number of pieces one within the other 78 To represent pieces put together and having slots or keyways through them. 79 Effects of shading or cross-hatching 80 Lines in sectional shading or cross-hatching made to denote the material of which the piece is composed—lead, wood, steel, brass, wrought iron, cast iron 81 Line-shading 82 The shade line to indicate the shape of piece; representation of a washer 83 A key drawn with a shade line; shade line applied to a nut; a German pen regulated to draw lines of various breadths 84 Example of line-shading in perspective drawing, shown in a pipe threading stock and die 85 A cylindrical pin line-shaded; two cylindrical pieces that join each other; a lathe centre; a piece having a curved outline 86 Line-shading applied to a ball or sphere; applied to a pin in a socket shown in section 87 A piece of tube, where the thickness of the tube is shown; where the hollow or hole is seen, the piece shown in section; where the body is bell-mouthed and the hollow curve shown by shading 88 Example of line-shading to denote the relative distances of various surfaces from the eye 89 Line-shading to denote that the piece represented is of wood; shade-lines being regular or irregular 90

CHAPTER V.

MARKING DIMENSIONS.

Examples in marking dimensions 91

CHAPTER VI.

THE ARRANGEMENT OF DIFFERENT VIEWS. The different views of a mechanical drawing; elevation; plan; general view; a figure to represent a solid cylinder 94 To represent the different sides of a cube; the use of a cross to denote a square 95 A triangular piece requires two or three views 96 To represent a ring having hexagon cross section; examples; a rectangular piece in two views 98 The position of the piece when in its place determines the name of the view in the drawing 103 View of a lever 105 Best method of projecting one view from another; the two systems of different views of a piece 106

CHAPTER VII.

EXAMPLES IN BOLTS, NUTS AND POLYGONS.

To represent the thread of a small screw 112 A bolt with a hexagon head 113 United States standard sizes for forged or unfinished