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قراءة كتاب Ten Boys from History
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TEN BOYS
FROM HISTORY
By
KATE DICKINSON SWEETSER
AUTHOR OF
"TEN BOYS FROM DICKENS"
"TEN GREAT ADVENTURERS"
"BOOK OF INDIAN BRAVES" ETC.
ILLUSTRATED BY
GEORGE ALFRED WILLIAMS
HARPER & BROTHERS PUBLISHERS
NEW YORK AND LONDON
Books by
KATE DICKINSON SWEETSER
TEN AMERICAN GIRLS FROM HISTORY. Illustrated.
BOOK OF INDIAN BRAVES. Illustrated.
BOYS AND GIRLS FROM ELIOT. Illustrated.
BOYS AND GIRLS FROM THACKERAY. Illustrated.
TEN BOYS FROM DICKENS. Illustrated.
TEN BOYS FROM HISTORY. Illustrated.
TEN GIRLS FROM DICKENS. Illustrated.
TEN GIRLS FROM HISTORY. Illustrated.
TEN GREAT ADVENTURERS. Illustrated.
HARPER & BROTHERS, NEW YORK
[Established 1817]
Ten Boys From History
Copyright, 1910, by Harper & Brothers
Printed in the United States of America
PREFACE
In this small volume the boys of many lands and races whose stories are told, have been selected not because they later became famous men, although some of them did, but because each one achieved something noteworthy as a boy. And in each boy's character, whether historic or legendary, courage was the marked trait. For this reason it is hoped that their stories will prove stimulating to some who read them.
K. D. S.
CONTENTS
| PAGE | |
| Stephen and Nicholas: Boy Crusaders | 11 |
| Peter of Haarlem: the Boy Who Saved His Country | 45 |
| David: the Shepherd Boy | 55 |
| Louis Seventeenth: the Boy King Who Never Reigned | 91 |
| Edward the Black Prince: the Boy Warrior | 131 |
| Tyrant Tad: the Boy in the White House | 145 |
| S. F. B. Morse: Who Invented the Telegraph | 169 |
| David Farragut: the Boy Midshipman | 179 |
| Mozart: the Boy Musician | 197 |
ILLUSTRATIONS
| PAGE | |
| Midshipman Farragut on the "Essex" | Frontispiece |
| David and Goliath | Facing p. 70 |
| The Black Prince at Crécy | 136 |
| Tyrant Tad and Abraham Lincoln | 154 |
| David Farragut | 186 |
TEN BOYS FROM HISTORY
STEPHEN AND NICHOLAS:
Boy Crusaders
"To the sea of fools
Led the path of the children."
Old Epigram.
Just a word about the Crusades, or Holy Wars, before we begin our story.
A war is generally a conflict between nations, countries, or individuals, for possession of land or a throne, but the Holy Wars were not such. They were expeditions made by those Christians who were determined to rescue the Sepulchre, or tomb, of Christ and the City of Jerusalem, from the rule of unbelievers.
For eighty-eight years Christian kings ruled in Palestine, then all the land was conquered by the Mohammedans, except a few cities, and the Christians sent out another, and still another, and another expedition to subdue the enemy, but all were useless. The Holy City and the Holy Sepulchre were still in the hands of infidels, who persecuted the pilgrims who visited the Holy Tomb; and the Christians sent a heart-rending cry to all Europe for help, but Europe was slow to answer the appeal, and it was several years after Pope Innocent ordered a new Crusade, before an army departed for the scene of conflict.
It was during this interval that the Children's Crusade or Holy War, took place—of which we are about to read.
But first let us go back to the city of Chartres, on the 25th day of April, 1212, when a surging crowd of men and women is filling every street and by-way of the quaint city.
What are the crowds watching so eagerly? A procession of priests and laymen, carrying banners and black-draped crosses, and chanting in solemn unison as they march.
It is the day of the celebration in Chartres of the "Black Crosses," an old church ceremony instituted centuries before,