England.—His Memorial to William IV.—Its Tardy Consideration by Earl Grey's Cabinet.—Its Promoters and Opponents.—Lord Cochrane's Accession to the Peerage as Tenth Earl of Dundonald.—His Interview with the King.—The Countess of Dundonald's Efforts in Aid of her Husband's Memorial.—Their Ultimate Success.—The Earl of Dundonald's "Free Pardon," and Restoration to Naval Rank

197

CHAPTER XXIV.

[1833-1847.]

The Inventions and Discoveries of Lord Dundonald's Father.—His own Mechanical Contrivances.—His Lamps.—His Rotary Steam-Engine, his Screw-Propeller, his Condensing-Boiler, and his Lines of Ship-building.—Their Tardy Development.—His Correspondence upon Steam-Shipping with Sir James Graham, the Earl of Minto, the Earl of Haddington, and the Earl of Auckland.—The Progress of his Inventions.—The Janus.—The Beneficial Results of his Experiments

221

CHAPTER XXV.

[1833-1848.]

Lord Dundonald's Secret War-Plans.—His Correspondence concerning them with Lord Lansdowne, Lord Minto, Lord Haddington, and Lord Auckland.—His Letter to the "Times."—The Report of a Committee, consisting of Sir Thomas Hastings, Sir John Burgoyne, and Lieut.-Col. Colquhoun, upon the Secret War-Plans.—A French Project for Naval Warfare with England.—Lord Dundonald's Opinions Thereupon.—His Views on the Defence of England

246

CHAPTER XXVI.

[1839-1848.]

The Earl of Dundonald's Request for the Restoration of the Order of the Bath.—His Good Service Pension.—The Investigation of his Secret War-Plans.—His Pamphlet on Naval Affairs,—His Installation as a G.C.B.—His Candidature for Election as a Scotch Representative Peer.—The Queen's Permission to his Wearing the Brazilian Order of the "Cruziero."—His Appointment as Commander-in-Chief of the North American and West Indian Station

273

CHAPTER XXVII.

[1848.]

Lord Dundonald's Departure for North America.—Extracts from the Correspondence of Lord Auckland and others Respecting West Indian Affairs and European Politics.—Bermuda.—The French Revolution of 1848 and its Issues.—Ireland and the Chartists.—The Death of Lord Auckland

294

CHAPTER XXVIII.

[1848-1850.]

Lord Dundonald's Visit to the North American and West Indian Colonies, and his Opinions thereon.—Newfoundland and its Fisheries.—Labrador.—Bermuda; its Defences and its Geological Formation.—Barbadoes.—The Negroes.—Trinidad.—Its Pitch Lake.—The Depressed Condition of the West Indian Colonies.—Lord Dundonald's Suggestions for their Improvement

307

CHAPTER XXIX.

[1851-1853.]

Lord Dundonald's Return from America.—His Arguments for the Relief of the Newfoundland Fisheries and the West India Trade.—The Trinidad Bitumen.—Lord Dundonald's other Scientific Pursuits and Views

328

CHAPTER XXX.

[1851-1860.]

The Russian War.—Lord Dundonald's Proposals to Employ his Secret Plans against Cronstadt, Sebastopol, and other Strongholds.—His Correspondence thereupon with Sir James Graham and Lord Palmerston.—Their Rejection.—Lord Dundonald's Appointment as Rear-Admiral of the United Kingdom.—Prince Albert's Invitation to him to become an Elder Brother of the Trinity House.—His Correspondence with Lord Palmerston respecting the Restitution of his Half-Pay.—His Last Work.—His Death and Burial.—Conclusion

337

APPENDIX.

(Page 161.)—Captain Frank Abney Hastings's Letters to Lord Cochrane (1827)

370

THE LIFE
OF
THOMAS, TENTH EARL OF DUNDONALD.

CHAPTER XVII.

LORD COCHRANE'S ARRIVAL IN GREECE.—HIS ACCOUNT OF HYDRA AND POROS.—THE CONGRATULATIONS OFFERED TO HIM.—VISITS FROM TOMBAZES, MAVROCORDATOS, AND MIAOULIS.—LETTERS FROM THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY AND OTHER PUBLIC BODIES AND LEADING MEN.—THE DIVISIONS IN GREECE.—THE FRENCH OR MOREOT, AND ENGLISH OR PHANARIOT FACTIONS.—LORD COCHRANE'S RELATIONS WITH THEM.—THE VISIT OF KOLOKOTRONES AND OTHER DEPUTIES FROM THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY.—LORD COCHRANE'S EFFORTS TO PROCURE UNANIMITY.—SIR RICHARD CHURCH.—LORD COCHRANE'S COMMISSION AS FIRST ADMIRAL.—THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY AT TROEZENE.—THE EJECTION OF CAPODISTRIAS AS PRESIDENT.—LORD COCHRANE'S OATH-TAKING.—HIS ADVICE TO THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY AND PROCLAMATION TO THE GREEKS.

[1827.]

Lord Cochrane entered the Egean Sea with his little schooner Unicorn and the French brig Sauveur on the 17th of March, 1827. In the afternoon he halted off the island of Hydra, there to leave the Greek deputy Orlando, who had accompanied him from Marseilles. "I was surprised," he said, "to observe that, except the open batteries near the town of Hydra, the whole coast of the island remained unprotected, although, in a smooth sea, a landing might be effected in almost every part of its circumference. The town of Hydra is built in an irregular manner on the fall