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قراءة كتاب The English Utilitarians, Volume I.
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THE ENGLISH UTILITARIANS
By
LESLIE STEPHEN
LONDON
DUCKWORTH and CO.
3 HENRIETTA STREET, W.C.
1900
PREFACE
This book is a sequel to my History of English Thought in the Eighteenth Century. The title which I then ventured to use was more comprehensive than the work itself deserved: I felt my inability to write a continuation which should at all correspond to a similar title for the nineteenth century. I thought, however, that by writing an account of the compact and energetic school of English Utilitarians I could throw some light both upon them and their contemporaries. I had the advantage for this purpose of having been myself a disciple of the school during its last period. Many accidents have delayed my completion of the task; and delayed also its publication after it was written. Two books have been published since that time, which partly cover the same ground; and I must be content with referring my readers to them for further information. They are The English Radicals, by Mr. C. B. Roylance Kent; and English Political Philosophy from Hobbes to Maine, by Professor Graham.
CONTENTS
PAGE | ||
INTRODUCTORY | 1 | |
CHAPTER I POLITICAL CONDITIONS |
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I. | The British Constitution | 12 |
II. | The Ruling Class | 18 |
III. | Legislation and Administration | 22 |
IV. | The Army and Navy | 30 |
V. | The Church | 35 |
VI. | The Universities | 43 |
VII. | Theory | 51 |
CHAPTER II THE INDUSTRIAL SPIRIT |
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I. | The Manufacturers | 57 |
II. | The Agriculturists | 69 |
CHAPTER III SOCIAL PROBLEMS |
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I. | Pauperism | 87 |
II. | The Police | 99 |
III. | Education | 108 |
IV. | The Slave-Trade | 113 |
V. | The French Revolution | 121 |
VI. | Individualism | 130 |
CHAPTER IV PHILOSOPHY |
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I. | John Horne Tooke | 137 |
II. | Dugald Stewart | 142 |
CHAPTER V BENTHAM'S LIFE |
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I. | Early Life | 169 |
II. | First Writings | 175 |
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