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قراءة كتاب The English Utilitarians, Volume I.

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The English Utilitarians, Volume I.

The English Utilitarians, Volume I.

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دار النشر: Project Gutenberg
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THE ENGLISH UTILITARIANS



By

LESLIE STEPHEN



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LONDON

DUCKWORTH and CO.

3 HENRIETTA STREET, W.C.

1900


PREFACE

This book is a sequel to my History of English Thought in the Eighteenth Century. The title which I then ventured to use was more comprehensive than the work itself deserved: I felt my inability to write a continuation which should at all correspond to a similar title for the nineteenth century. I thought, however, that by writing an account of the compact and energetic school of English Utilitarians I could throw some light both upon them and their contemporaries. I had the advantage for this purpose of having been myself a disciple of the school during its last period. Many accidents have delayed my completion of the task; and delayed also its publication after it was written. Two books have been published since that time, which partly cover the same ground; and I must be content with referring my readers to them for further information. They are The English Radicals, by Mr. C. B. Roylance Kent; and English Political Philosophy from Hobbes to Maine, by Professor Graham.


CONTENTS

PAGE
INTRODUCTORY 1

CHAPTER I

POLITICAL CONDITIONS
I. The British Constitution 12
II. The Ruling Class 18
III. Legislation and Administration 22
IV. The Army and Navy 30
V. The Church 35
VI. The Universities 43
VII. Theory 51

CHAPTER II

THE INDUSTRIAL SPIRIT
I. The Manufacturers 57
II. The Agriculturists 69

CHAPTER III

SOCIAL PROBLEMS
I. Pauperism 87
II. The Police 99
III. Education 108
IV. The Slave-Trade 113
V. The French Revolution 121
VI. Individualism 130

CHAPTER IV

PHILOSOPHY
I. John Horne Tooke 137
II. Dugald Stewart 142

CHAPTER V

BENTHAM'S LIFE
I. Early Life 169
II. First Writings 175
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