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CHAPTER VI

The Checks and Balances of the Constitution

• A cure for the evils of democracy 125
• Evolutionary classification of governments 128
• Substitutes for king and aristocracy 130
• Relation of the theory of checks and balances to laissez faire and anarchism 131
• Purpose of indirect election 134
• Subordination of the House of Representatives 137
• Impeachment made difficult 142
• Significance of the President's oath of office 146
• The House of Representatives in relation to the budget 148
• Lack of adequate provision for publicity 150
• Attitude of the framers toward criticism of public officials 152
• Federal versus national government 160
• Relation of the general to the state governments not clearly defined 162
• Effort to lay the foundation of a national government 164
• Origin and development of the doctrine of nullification 168
• Calhoun's theory of the Constitution 174
• The judiciary act of 1789 182

CHAPTER VII

Undemocratic Development

• The influence of checks upon the development of our political institutions 186
• The House of Representatives an irresponsible body during the second regular session 189
• Congress has power to remedy the evil 191
• The committee system a check on the majority 193
• The speaker's power to thwart legislation 199
• The system encourages log-rolling 200

CHAPTER VIII

The Party System

• Conservative opposition to party government in the eighteenth century 203
• The effort of the framers to guard against the possibility of responsible party government 205
• Difference between the English and the American party system 208
• Influence of the Constitution upon the party system not generally recognized