A
NEVV ORCHARD
AND GARDEN

OR
The best way for planting, grafting, and to make
any ground good, for a rich Orchard: Particularly in the North,
and generally for the whole kingdome of England, as in nature,
reason, situation, and all probabilitie, may and doth appeare.

With the Country Housewifes Garden for hearbes of common vse:
their vertues, seasons, profits, ornaments, varietie of knots, models
for trees, and plots for the best ordering of Grounds and Walkes.

AS ALSO,
The Husbandry of Bees, with their seuerall vses and annoyances
being the experience of 48 yeares labour, and now the second time corrected
and much enlarged, by William Lawson.

Whereunto is newly added the Art of propagating Plants, with the true
ordering of all manner of Fruits, in their gathering, carrying home, & preseruation.

Skill and paines bring fruitfull gaines. Nemo sibi natus.

LONDON,
Printed by Nicholas Okes for Iohn Harison, at the golden
Vnicorne in Pater-noster-row. 1631.

  TO THE RIGHT
WORSHIPFVLL
Sir Henry Belosses,
Knight and Baronet,

Worthy Sir,

When in many yeeres by long experience I had furnished this my Northerne Orchard and Countrey Garden with needfull plants and vsefull hearbes, I did impart the view thereof to my friends, who resorted to me to conferre in matters of that nature, they did see it, and seeing it desired, and I must not denie now the publishing of it (which then I allotted to my priuate delight) for the publike profit of others. Wherefore, though I could pleade custome the ordinarie excuse of all Writers, to chuse a Patron and Protector of their Workes, and so shroud my selfe from scandall vnder your honourable fauour, yet haue I certaine reasons to excuse this my presumption: First, the many courtesies   you haue vouchsafed me. Secondly, your delightfull skill in matters of this nature. Thirdly, the profit which I receiued from your learned discourse of Fruit-trees.

Fourthly, your animating and assisting of others to such endeuours. Last of all, the rare worke of your owne in this kind: all which to publish vnder your protection, I haue aduentured (as you see). Vouchsafe it therefore entertainement, I pray you, and I hope you shall finde it not the vnprofitablest seruant of your retinue: for when your serious employments are ouerpassed, it may interpose some commoditie, and raise your contentment out of varietie.

Your Worships
most bounden,

William Lavvson.

  THE PREFACE
to all well minded.

Art hath her first originall out of experience, which therefore is called the Schoole-mistresse of fooles, because she teacheth infallibly, and plainely, as drawing her knowledge out of the course of Nature, (which neuer failes in the generall) by the senses, feelingly apprehending, and comparing (with the helpe of the minde) the workes of nature; and as in all other things naturall, so especially in Trees; for what is Art more then a prouident and skilfull Collectrix of the faults of Nature in particular workes, apprehended by the senses? As when good ground naturally brings forth thistles, trees stand too thicke, or too thin, or disorderly, or (without dressing) put forth vnprofitable suckers, and suchlike. All which and a thousand more, Art reformeth, being taught by experience: and therefore must we count that Art the surest, that stands vpon experimentall rules, gathered by the rule of reason (not conceit) of all other rules the surest.

Whereupon haue I of my meere and sole experience, without respect to any former written Treatise, gathered these rules, and set them downe in writing, not daring to hide the least talent giuen me of my Lord and Master in Heauen: neither is this iniurious to any, though it differ from the common opinion