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قراءة كتاب The Discovery of the Source of the Nile
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THE DISCOVERY OF THE SOURCE
OF THE NILE
By John Hanning Speke
John Hanning Speke, born 1827. Served in the Punjab but left in 1854 to explore Somaliland. Discovered Lake Tanganyika with Burton, and Lake Victoria independently. Was, with Grant, the first European to cross equatorial africa. Died 1864.
CONTENTS
Journal of the Discovery of The Source of the Nile
Chapter 1. London to Zanzibar, 1859
Chapter II. Uzaramo
Chapter III. Usagara
Chapter IV. Ugogo, and the Wilderness of Mgunda Mkhali
Chapter V. Unyamuezi
Chapter VI. Uzinza
Chapter VII. Usui
Chapter VIII. Karague
Chapter IX. History of the Wahuma
Chapter X. Karague and Uganda
Chapter XI. Palace, Uganda
Chapter XII. Palace, Uganda—Continued
Chapter XIII. Palace, Uganda—Continued
Chapter XIV. Palace, Uganda—Continued
Chapter XV. March Down the Northern Slopes of Africa
Chapter XVI. Bahr El Abiad
Chapter XVII. Unyoro
Chapter XVIII. Unyoro—Continued
Chapter XIX. The March to Madi
Chapter XX. Madi
Editor's Note
John Hanning Speke was a man of thirty-six, when his Nile Journal appeared. He had entered the army in 1844, and completed ten years of service in India, serving through the Punjab Campaign. Already he had conceived the idea of exploring Africa, before his ten years were up, and on their conclusion he was appointed a member of the expedition preparing to start under Sir Richard (then Lieutenant Burton) for the Somali country. He was wounded by the Somalis, and returned to England on sick leave; the Crimean War then breaking out, be served through it, and later, December 1856, joined another expedition under Burton. Then it was that the possibility of the source of the Nile being traced to one of the inland lakes seems to have struck him.
Burton's illness prevented him accompanying Speke on the latter's visit to the lake now known as Victoria Nyanza. During this expedition Speke reached the most southerly point of the lake, and gave it its present name. Speke arrived back in England in the spring of 1859, Burton being left behind on account of his illness. The relations between the two had become strained, and this was accentuated by Speke's hast to publish the account of his explorations. He was given the command of another expedition which left England in April 1860, in company with Captain James Augustus Grant, to ascertain still further if the Victoria Nyanza were indeed the source of the Nile. He met Sir Samuel Baker, to whom he gave valuable assistance, and who with his clue discovered the third lake, Albert Nyanza.
Speke telegraphed early in 1863, that the Nile source was traced. Returning to England that year he met