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قراءة كتاب The Belief in Immortality and the Worship of the Dead, Vol. 2 (of 3) The Belief Among the Polynesians
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The Belief in Immortality and the Worship of the Dead, Vol. 2 (of 3) The Belief Among the Polynesians
THE BELIEF IN IMMORTALITY
VOL. II
MACMILLAN AND CO., Limited
LONDON · BOMBAY · CALCUTTA · MADRAS
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THE MACMILLAN CO. OF CANADA, Ltd.
TORONTO
THE
BELIEF IN IMMORTALITY
AND THE WORSHIP OF THE DEAD
BY
Sir JAMES GEORGE FRAZER, F.R.S., F.B.A.
FELLOW OF TRINITY COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE
HON. D.C.L., OXFORD; HON. LITT.D., CAMBRIDGE AND DURHAM; HON. LL.D., GLASGOW; DOCTOR HONORIS CAUSA OF THE UNIVERSITIES OF PARIS AND STRASBOURG
VOL. II
THE BELIEF AMONG THE POLYNESIANS
MACMILLAN AND CO., LIMITED
ST. MARTIN'S STREET, LONDON
1922
COPYRIGHT
PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN
PREFACE
The first volume of this work, which comprised the Gifford Lectures given by me at St. Andrews in the years 1911 and 1912, dealt with the belief in immortality and the worship of the dead, as these are found among the aborigines of Australia, the Torres Straits Islands, New Guinea, and Melanesia. In the present volume I take up the subject at the point at which I broke off, and describe the corresponding belief and worship among the Polynesians, a people related to their neighbours the Melanesians by language, if not by blood. The first chapter formed the theme of two lectures delivered at the Royal Institution in 1916; the other chapters have been written for lectures at Trinity College, Cambridge, in 1921 and 1922. But in the book the lecture form has been discarded, and the treatment of the subject is somewhat fuller than comports with the limits imposed by oral delivery.
Should circumstances allow me to continue the work, I propose in the next volume to treat of the belief in immortality and the worship of the dead among the Micronesians and Indonesians.
J. G. FRAZER.
No. 1 Brick Court, Temple,
London, 19th July 1922.
CONTENTS
PAGES | ||
Preface | v | |
Table of Contents | vii-ix | |
CHAP. | ||
I. | The Belief in Immortality among the Maoris | 1-51 |
§ 1. The Polynesians | 1-5 | |
§ 2. The Maoris of New Zealand | 5-10 | |
§ 3. The Beliefs of the Maoris concerning the Souls of the Living | 10-19 | |
§ 4. The Beliefs of the Maoris concerning the Souls of the Dead | 19-37 | |
§ 5. Taboo among the Maoris | 37-50 | |
§ 6. Conclusion | 51 | |
II. | The Belief in Immortality among the Tongans | 52-147 |
§ 1. The Tonga or Friendly Islands | 52-57 | |
§ 2. The Tonga Islanders, their Character, Mode of Life, and Government | 57-63 | |
§ 3. The Tongan Religion: its General Principles | 64-68 | |
§ 4. The Primary or Non-human Gods | 68-73 | |
§ 5. The Temples of the Gods | 73-77 | |
§ 6. Priests and their Inspiration | 77-79 | |
§ 7. The Worship of the Gods, Prayers, and Sacrifices | 79-84 | |
§ 8. The Doctrine of the Soul and its Destiny after Death |