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New State Record of the Prairie Vole

The specimens of prairie vole, Microtus ochrogaster, listed above from the sedges and rushes of cleared upland in the Warren Woods preserve and from a nearby wheat field constitute the first authentic record of the species from Michigan. The prairie vole had previously been erroneously reported to be abundant in Washtenaw County by Covert [2], who evidently mistook the Pennsylvania vole for this species.

Other Mammals of this Region

The following notes on mammals formerly or at present living in the region but not found by me in Warren Woods are based mostly on information furnished by George R. Fox, Director of the Edward K. Warren Foundation, and by William Schmidt, a trapper and hunter.

Didelphis virginiana virginiana. Virginia opossum. Three were seen and one captured in Three Oaks in the winter of 1919–20, and another was found in a granary on the outskirts of the town. The previous winter one was shot just southwest of town, and another was seen in a ravine north of Harbert. One was killed in Warren Woods some time ago.

Condylura cristata. Star-nosed mole. Mr. Hans captured one four miles south of Three Oaks, near the Indiana line in 1919, and brought the skin to Mr. Fox. One was taken by Dr. Parker at Lakeside in June, 1919.

Ursus americanus americanus. Eastern black bear. Formerly occurred in the region.

Canis lycaon. Timber wolf. About eleven years ago three were killed from a pack of nine wolves at Lakeside. About 1910 a pack of eight were seen at various times during the winter on the marsh between Three Oaks and Galien. The following winter the same pack, or another of the same number, was seen southwest of Three Oaks, and four of the pack were killed just over the Indiana line.

Vulpes fulva. Eastern red fox. Common in the region. One was killed in December, 1919, after having been chased from the Warren Woods by dogs. Another was seen in January, 1920, half a mile north of Three Oaks. In preceding winters a number have been killed south of Sawyer where they evidently come from the sand dunes.

Lutra canadensis canadensis. Canada otter. Formerly occurred along the streams, but are now apparently all gone.

Felis couguar. Cougar. One was killed a few miles northeast of Three Oaks many years ago. Another was killed near New Buffalo in the early days.

Lynx ruffus ruffus. Bobcat. One was killed a few years ago near the Galien River a few miles northeast of Three Oaks.

Erethizon dorsatum dorsatum. Canada porcupine. Found here in the early days.

Sciurus carolinensis leucotis. Northeastern gray squirrel. Black squirrels were found in numbers in the early days.

Glaucomys volans volans. Eastern flying squirrel. Said to be common. A large number were seen by Mr. Schmidt on one old stub in Warren Woods some years ago. Several were seen in 1918 by Mr. Fox in second-growth oak woods in a little ravine about one and one-fourth mile west of Warren Woods. One was caught in Three Oaks in the fall of 1919.

Cervus canadensis canadensis. American elk. One horn from a large swamp in Berrien County is in the Chamberlain Memorial Museum of Three Oaks.

Odocoileus virginianus borealis. Northern white-tailed deer. Formerly abundant in the region. Several molars were picked up in Warren Woods.

Fossil Mammals of Berrien County

The records of fossil mammals from Berrien County here published have been collected by George R. Fox, who has also kindly loaned from the collections under his care several specimens for identification. Dr. E. C. Case assisted with the identification of the mammoth teeth.

Mammut americanum. Mastodon. (1) About 1897 the teeth of a mastodon were dug up by a dredge within the village limits of Eau Claire. Their disposition is unknown.

(2) At Snow, in section 36, Lake Township, a tooth was found. This came into the possession of Frank Striker of Buchanan.

(3) A portion of a tusk and part of a skull were found on the Beebe Farm near Baroda. These were sent to Washington, D.C.

(4) In the excavation of a ditch through a small marsh lying near Bakerstown in Section 3, of Bertrand Township, the dredge uncovered in the distance of between two and three miles bones, teeth, and other