قراءة كتاب The Mammals of Warren Woods, Berrien County, Michigan Occasional Paper of the Museum of Zoology, Number 86

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The Mammals of Warren Woods, Berrien County, Michigan
Occasional Paper of the Museum of Zoology, Number 86

The Mammals of Warren Woods, Berrien County, Michigan Occasional Paper of the Museum of Zoology, Number 86

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دار النشر: Project Gutenberg
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associated a few thistles, yarrow, and several other herbs. During the whole period of my stay in the region, July and August, the habitat was very dry, and the grass and herbs had mostly dried up. This habitat and all the other habitats of the clearing were being heavily pastured by stock.

Trap-lines totaling one hundred mouse traps, set on August 6 and August 18, took on the first nights two prairie white-footed mice, one house mouse, and one young thirteen-striped ground squirrel. More white-footed mice were taken on later nights. Many ground squirrels were taken in larger traps at the mouths of their burrows; most of these were young of the year, and all of them were very fat in preparation for their approaching hibernation.

 

Cultivated field habitat:

Scalopus aquaticus machrinus. Prairie mole. 1.

Peromyscus maniculatus bairdii. Prairie white-footed mouse. 23.

Microtus ochrogaster. Prairie vole. 1.

Mus musculus musculus. House mouse. 2.

Sylvilagus floridanus mearnsii. Mearns cottontail. 2.

Cultivated fields occur throughout the region about the woods, but the only ones in which trapping was done were wheat stubble-fields. After the wheat was cut off these stubble-fields grew up rather thickly to weeds. On the ground there were a number of fallen heads of wheat and some shelled-out grain, furnishing abundant food for mice.

Seventy mouse traps set in a wheat stubble-field just north of Warren Woods, caught on the first nights, August 13 and August 29, sixteen prairie white-footed mice. Other white-footed mice and two house mice were taken on later nights. Several cottontails were seen in this field, and a few mole ridges were noted. A prairie mole was taken by Clifford Reid in a grassy patch at the edge of a garden. In another wheat field the Helming boys picked up a prairie vole.

 

Orchard habitat:

Peromyscus leucopus noveboracensis. Northern white-footed mouse. 1.

Microtus pennsylvanicus pennsylvanicus. Pennsylvania vole. 2.

No especial study of the mammal life of the orchard was made, and no intensive trapping was done in the habitat. However, the orchard cannot be included in any of the other habitats recognized in the region.

A northern white-footed mouse was caught alive by the Helming boys in an orchard on July 16. A vole was seen to cross a road in a small orchard on July 15; a trap was set and two Pennsylvania voles secured, one a young of the year.

 

Edificarian habitat: [1]

Blarina brevicauda talpoides. Short-tailed shrew. 1.

Peromyscus leucopus noveboracensis. Northern white-footed mouse. 2.

Rattus norvegicus. Norway rat. 4.

Mus musculus musculus. House mouse. 22.

Sylvilagus floridanus mearnsii. Mearns cottontail. 2.

From time to time a few traps were set in the old farmhouse and in the barn and other outbuildings of our camp. In these buildings northern white-footed mice, Norway rats, and house mice were taken. Several cottontails were seen in and under the old barn. The Helming boys trapped a short-tailed shrew and also house mice and a white-footed mouse in the basement of their house.


Records of the Number of Embryos

All the females taken were examined for embryos, and the results are here tabulated by species and dates. The term subadult is used to indicate an individual which has reached adult size, but which is still immature as shown by the pelage, unworn condition of the teeth, and weakness of the skull sutures. For each individual the age is first stated, next the number of embryos if any, and last the length of the embryos in millimeters measured as they lie rolled in the fetal membranes. For embryos too small to measure with field equipment the term small is applied.

These records indicate the breeding period of the different species and the number of young.

 

Mephitis nigra. Eastern skunk
  August 19: subadult, 0 embryos.

 

Peromyscus leucopus noveboracensis.
Northern white-footed mouse
  July 16: adult, 3 embryos, size small.
  July 21: adult, 0; adult, 0.
  July 22: adult, 5, 10 5 mm.; subadult, 0.
  July 23: subadult, 0.
  July 25: juvenile, 0, juvenile, 0; juvenile 0; subadult, 3, small.
  July 30: adult, 0; adult, 0; adult, 0; subadult, 0.
  August 2: adult, 0; subadult, 2, small; subadult, 0; subadult, 0.
  August 5: adult, 5, small; subadult, 0.
  August 23: subadult, 0; adult, 5, 10 mm.
  August 24: adult, 5, 8 mm.; adult, 0; adult, 0; adult, 3, small.
  August 25: adult, 5, 23 mm.; adult, 0; adult, 4, small; adult, 3, small.
  August 26: subadult, 4, 8 mm.; adult, 0.
  August 29: adult, 4, 17 mm.

 

Peromyscus maniculatus bairdii. Prairie
white-footed mouse
  August 7: subadult, 0.
  August 10: adult, 5, 8 mm.
  August 13: adult, 3, 8 mm.; adult, 0.
  August 20: adult, 5, small.
  August 28: adult, 4, 17 mm.; adult, 4, 13 mm.
  August 29: adult, 5, 17 mm.
  August 30: adult, 0; adult, 4, 11 mm.

 

Synaptomys cooperi. Cooper lemming-vole
  August 11: adult, 2, 10 mm.

 

Microtus pennsylvanicus pennsylvanicus. Pennsylvania vole
  July 15: adult, 4, not measured, juvenile, 0.
  August 9: subadult, 0.
  August 10: subadult, 0; subadult, 0.
  August 13: subadult, 0.
  August 16: adult, 0.
  August 24: adult, 4, 11 mm.

 

Microtus ochrogaster. Prairie vole
  July 25: juvenile, 0.

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