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قراءة كتاب A Synopsis of the American Bats of the Genus Pipistrellus
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A Synopsis of the American Bats of the Genus Pipistrellus
individuals, but in summer fewer of the bats live there and at this season some have been captured as far as thirty miles from any such retreat suggesting that the bats inhabit other types of shelter. The wide range of this species in respect to life-zones is noteworthy; it occurs in the Canadian Life-zone (Joliet, Quebec), the Tropical Life-zone (30 km. SSE Jesús Carranza, Veracruz) and in the intervening life-zones.
The longer thumb of this species, in comparison with that of Pipistrellus hesperus, was verified by measuring the thumb including its claw and the pad at the base of the thumb in 12 P. s. veracrucis and 10 P. h. maximus. In veracrucis the mean was 5.9 millimeters and the extremes were 5.5 and 6.4. In maximus the corresponding figures were 3.9, 3.6 and 4.3.
V[espertilio]. subflavus F. Cuvier, Nouv. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 1: 17, 1832.
Vespertilio erythrodactylus Temminck, Monogr. de Mamm., II, 13me monogr., p. 238, 1835-1841 (not seen—after Miller, N. Amer. Fauna, 13:90, October 16, 1897).
Scotophilus georgianus H. Allen, Smithsonian Miscl. Coll., No. 165, Vol. 7 (art. 1), p. 35, June, 1864.
Vesperugo carolinensis H. Allen, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 43:121, March 14, 1894.
Pipistrellus subflavus Miller, N. Amer. Fauna, 13:90, figs. 22, 23, October 16, 1897.
Type locality.—Eastern United States, probably Georgia.
Range.—From approximately 40 degrees North Latitude in Pennsylvania and Kansas southward to central Florida and at least to extreme southern Texas; from the Atlantic Coast westward to south-central Kansas and Val Verde County, Texas. Marginal occurrences are: Kansas (K. U. Collection): 4½ mi. SW Sun City; Ft. Leavenworth. Illinois (Necker and Hatfield, Bull. Chicago Acad. Sci., 6(3):45, 1941): Quincy; Urbana. Indiana (Lyon, Amer. Midland Nat., 17:73, 1936): Monroe County; Franklin Co. Ohio (Bole and Moulthrop, Sci. Publs. Cleveland Mus. Nat. Hist., 5(6):115, 1942: Hamilton Co.; Smoky Creek. West Virginia (Kellogg, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 84:449, 1937): Charleston; Smoke Hole Cave. Pennsylvania (Rhoads, Mamms. Pa. and N. J., p. 211, 1903): Carlisle; Germantown. New Jersey: Haddonfield (Rhoads, Mamms. Pa. and N. J., p. 211, 1903). Florida: Tarpon Springs (Sherman., Proc. Florida Acad. Sci., p. 107, 1936). Texas: Brownsville (Bailey, N. Amer. Fauna, 25:211, 1905); Comstock (Bailey, loc. cit.); Kerr Co. (Taylor and Davis, Game, Fish and Oyster Comm. Bull., 50:17, 1947). Oklahoma: 10 mi. S and 2 mi. E Sulphur (Blair, Amer. Midland Nat., 22:100, 1939).
Diagnosis.—Size large; eight specimens from Barber and Butler counties, Kansas, measure in total length, 84(77-89); tibia, 14.8(14.5-15); forearm, 33.5(31.8-35.3); greatest length of skull (exclusive of incisors), 12.8(12.3-13.1); breadth of braincase immediately above roots of zygomatic arches, 6.5(6.4-6.7). Color ranging from Snuff Brown to Sayal Brown.
Pipistrellus subflavus obscurus Miller, N. Amer. Fauna, 13:93, October 16, 1897.
Type locality.—Lake George, Warren County, New