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قراءة كتاب Triumphs of Invention and Discovery in Art and Science
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Triumphs of Invention and Discovery in Art and Science
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- 1. John Lombe, 221
- 2. William Lee, 225
- 3. Joseph Marie Jacquard, 227
- 1. Luca Della Robbia, 237
- 2. Bernard Palissy, 241
- 3. Josiah Wedgwood, 250
- 1. Sir Humphrey Davy, 263
- 2. George Stephenson's Lamp, 275
- 1. Lieutenant Waghorn, 299
- 2. The Suez Canal, 309

- — JOHN GUTENBERG.
- — WILLIAM CAXTON.
- — THE PRINTING MACHINE.

Half iron, half vapour—a dread to behold—
Which evermore panted, and evermore rolled,
And uttered his words a millionfold.
Forth sprung they in air, down raining in dew,
And men fed upon them, and mighty they grew."
Leigh Hunt, Sword and Pen.
I.—JOHN GUTENBERG.

Some Dutch writers, inspired by a not unnatural feeling of patriotism, have endeavoured to claim the honour of inventing the Art of Printing for a countryman of their own, Laurence Coster of Haarlem. Their sole reliance, however, is upon the statements of one Hadrian Junius, who was born at Horn, in North Holland, in 1511. About 1575 he wrote a work, entitled "Batavia," in which the account of Coster first appeared. And, as an unimpeachable authority has remarked, almost every succeeding advocate of Coster's pretensions has taken the liberty of altering, amplifying, or contradicting the account of Junius, according as it might suit his own line of argument; but not one of them has succeeded in producing a solitary fact in confirmation of it. The accounts which are given of Coster's discovery by Junius and his successors present many contradictory features. Thus Junius says: "Walking in a neighbouring wood, as citizens are accustomed to do after dinner and on holidays, he began to cut letters of beech-bark, with which, for amusement—the letters being