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قراءة كتاب Geographic Variation in the North American Cyprinid Fish, Hybopsis gracilis
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Geographic Variation in the North American Cyprinid Fish, Hybopsis gracilis
part; habitat; synonymy); Jordan and Evermann, 1896:326 (in part; characters; synonymy); Thompson, 1898:214 (Brandon; Saskatchewan R.); Evermann and Goldsborough, 1907:98 (records from Canada); Forbes and Richardson, 1920:170 (characters; habitat; synonymy; records from Illinois; but Fig. 45 is Hybopsis meeki Jordan and Evermann, not H. gracilis); Hankinson, 1929:446 (records from North Dakota); Jordan, 1929:76 (in part; characters); Jordan, Evermann and Clark, 1930:136 (in part; synonymy); Churchill and Over, 1933:45 (characters; food; habitat; spawning; records from South Dakota); O'Donnel, 1935:481 (Ohio R., Cairo, Ill.; Miss. R., Chester, Ill.); Hinks, 1943:57 (records from Canada); Clemens, et al., 1947:17 (records from Saskatchewan); Dymond, 1947:19 (distribution in Canada); Rawson, 1951:208 (Great Slave Lake; Mackenzie R.); Shoemaker, Pickering and Durham, 1951:84 Miss. R., Cates, Tenn.; Miss. R., between Hickman and Barfield, Ark.); Wynne-Edwards, 1952:18 (distribution in Canada); Miller and Paetz, 1953:47 (Peace R. at town of Peace River); Walters, 1955:347 (distribution in Canada; dispersal into Canada); Keleher, 1956:265 (Saskatchewan R., Manitoba); Lindsey, 1956:771 (distribution in Canada); Keleher and Kooyman, 1957:110 (Kelsey Lake, Manitoba); Lindsey, 1957:657 (Laird and Peace drainages, British Columbia); Scott, 1958:16 (distribution in Canada); Slastenenko, 1958:7 (distribution in Canada).
Platygobio pallidus Jordan and Gilbert, 1882:220 (original description; Ohio R., Cairo, Ill.); Jordan and Evermann, 1896:326 (characters; synonymy; Ohio R., Cairo, Ill.); Jordan, Evermann and Clark, 1930:136 (Ohio R., Cairo, Ill.; synonymy).
Platygobio gracilis communis, Simon, 1946:71 (in part; characters; food; habitat; spawning); Moore, 1950:87 (habitat; sense organs).
Hybopsis gracilis communis, Bailey, 1951:192 (record from Iowa; key); Harlan and Speaker, 1951:75 (characters; distribution in Iowa); Hubbs, 1951:9 (habitat; Miss. R.); Harrison and Speaker, 1954:516 (habitat); Personius and Eddy, 1955:42 (habitat; Little Mo. R.).
Hybopsis gracilis, Cleary, 1956:271 (record from Iowa; distributional map); Bailey, 1956:332 (record from Iowa; key); Harlan and Speaker, 1956:90 (characters; distribution in Iowa); Eddy, 1957:111 (in part; characters; key); Moore, 1957:110 (in part; key); Underhill, 1959:100 (Vermillion R., South Dakota).
Diagnosis.--Post-Weberian vertebrae 40-42, usually 41-42; lateral line scales 50-56; pectoral rays 15-20, usually 17 or more; head-depth 12.3-15.1 per cent of standard length, usually 14.7 per cent or less. See Figs. 1 and 2.
Other characters.--Circumference scale-rows 31-42; predorsal scale-rows 20-29; size large, as much as 246 mm standard length (see Fig. 1 of Pl. 24); head-length 23.4-27.4 per cent of standard length, usually 25.5 per cent or less; postorbital length of head 10.9-13.9 per cent of standard length, usually 12.5 per cent or less; predorsal length 46.0-51.7 per cent of standard length; orbit 5.1-6.8 per cent of standard length; prepelvic length 46.6-52.2 per cent of standard length; caudal peduncle length 17.2-22.1 per cent of standard length.
Range (Plate 21).--Mackenzie Basin south from Fort Good Hope; Saskatchewan Basin east to Lake Winnipeg; mainstream of Missouri River and Mississippi River south to Barfield, Arkansas; intergrading with H. g. gulonella in upper Missouri Basin and lower parts of major tributaries to Missouri River in Nebraska and Kansas.
Specimens examined.--Below are listed museum numbers, number of specimens (in parentheses), localities, and year of collection. Collections marked with asterisk (*) are intergrades more closely resembling H. g. gracilis than H. g. gulonella. Records from literature are cited in the synonymy.
Alberta: UA (6), Milk R. at town of Milk River, 1950; UA (3), Athabasca R. at Fort McMurray, 1955; UA (1), Red Deer R. at Steveville, 1952; UA (2), Peace R. at town of Peace River, 1952; UA (11), Peace R. at Dunvegan, 1956; UA (2), Simonette R. tributary to Smoky R., date unknown; ROMZ 17704 (1), Milk R. W town of Milk River, 1955.
Arkansas: UMMZ 128573 (5), Mississippi Co., Mississippi R., 1939.
Illinois: UMMZ 134799 (146), Mississippi R. at Grand Tower, 1936; UMMZ 147045 (8), Mississippi R. at Cairo, 1944.
Kansas: KU 1234 (173), Leavenworth Co., backwater of Missouri R. near Corral Cr., 1940; * KU 1814 (1), Douglas Co., floodpool of Kansas R., below Lakeview, 1951; * KU 1825 (1), Douglas Co., floodpool of Kansas R., 1951; * KU 1841 (56), Douglas Co., Kansas R. at Lawrence, 1951; * KU 1898 (6), Douglas Co., floodpool of Kansas R., 1951; * KU 1911 (5), Douglas Co., floodpool of Kansas R., 1951; * KU 1928 (2), Jefferson Co., floodpool of Kansas R., 1951; KU 3850 (30), Atchison Co., Missouri R., 1957; * KU 4377 (2), Douglas Co., Kansas R. at Lawrence, 1958; * KU 4655 (2), Douglas Co., Kansas R. at Lawrence, 1959.
Manitoba: ROMZ 13834 (1), Kelsey Lake, 25 miles east of the Pas, no date; ROMZ 14500 (25), Saskatchewan R. at the Pas, 1947; ROMZ 16325 (1), Lake Winnipeg, no date.
Missouri: UMMZ 147126 (130), Mississippi R. at Cliff Cave, 1944.
Montana: * MSC 1878 (36), Carbon Co., Elbow Cr., 1957; * MSC 1943 (11), Phillips Co., Frenchman Cr., 1957; * MSC 2021 (10), Pondora Co., Marias R., 1955; * MSC 2022 (4), Lewis and Clark Co., Missouri R. below Holter Dam, 1948; * MSC 2052 (6), Gallatin Co., Missouri R. near Trident, 1948; * MSC 3074 (3), Custer Co., Hardy Reservoir, 1952; UMMZ 94146 (34), near mouth of Powder R., 1926.
Nebraska: * KU 4158 (9), Holt Co., Niobrara R. 6 mi. N Midway, 1958; * UM (field no. 59-81) (56), Butler Co.-Colfax Co. line, Platte R. 1.5 mi. S Schuyler, 1959; * UM (field no. 59-74) (5), Dodge Co., Platte R. 1 mi. S North Bend, 1959; UMMZ 134826 (46), Otoe Co., Missouri R. 1.5 mi. E Minersville, 1940; UMMZ 134799 (67), Cass Co., Missouri R., 1940; UMMZ 135341 (43), Knox Co., Missouri R. 2 mi. NE Niobrara, 1940; UMMZ 135818 (95), Thurston Co., Missouri R. NE Macy, 1941.
Northwest Territory: ROMZ 13627 (1), Great Slave Lake, no date; ROMZ 13628 (1), Great Slave Lake, no date.
Saskatchewan: * ROMZ 3885 (2), Sucker Cr., trib. Cypress Lake, 1927; ROMZ 14368 (2), South Saskatchewan R. at Yorath Island, 1941; ROMZ 16620 (5), South Saskatchewan R. at Saskatoon, 1953; KU 5126 (5), South Saskatchewan R. at Birson Ferry, 1957; KU 5127 (3), South Saskatchewan R. at Leader, 1957; KU 5128 (2), North Saskatchewan R. at Cecil Ferry, 1957; KU 5129 (1), South Saskatchewan R. at Clarkboro Ferry, 1957.
South Dakota: * KU 4961 (9), Haakon Co., Bad R. at Midland, 1959; * KU 4963 (17), Washabaugh Co., White R. 6 mi. SW Belvidere, 1959; * UMMZ 120362 (168), White R. 6.5 mi. S Kadoka, 1934; * UMMZ 127484 (11), Todd Co., Little White R., 1934; UMMZ 127488 (29), Charles Mix Co., Missouri R., 1934; * UMMZ 127678 (32), Cheyenne R., E Wasta, 1939; UMMZ 166762 (21), Hughes Co., Missouri R. 3 mi. NE Pierre, 1952; * UMMZ 166803 (91), Harding Co., Little Missouri R. at Camp Crook, 1952; UMMZ 166845 (121), Carson Co.-Walworth Co. line, Missouri R. 2.5 mi. N Mobridge, 1952; UMMZ 166985 (61), Yankton Co., Missouri R. at Yankton, 1952.
Wyoming: * WU 2073 (6), Washakie Co., Big