and quiet as any ox in Smithfield, till you began to pull it by the tail, and beat it about the horns; and now, (as oxen do not know they ought not to be revengeful,) you cannot be surprised if it should give you a toss or two.  Cruel folks are always cowardly, and it is no wonder to see you running away in such a dreadful fright.

37.  The Dustman.

Bring out your dust, the dustman cries,
   Whilst ringing of his bell:
If the wind blows, pray guard your eyes,
   To keep them clear and well.

A very useful set of men are these: they remove the dust and dirt from the houses in the city.  It is a very profitable business; for, by sifting and sorting what is taken away, every thing becomes useful.  There are frequently found cinders for firing, ashes and breeze for brickmakers: bones and old rags, tin and old iron, are carefully separated from oyster-shells and stones, which have their several purchasers.

My masters, I’m dirty, nor can I be clean;
   My bus’ness it would ill become,
With my face and hands clean in the streets to be seen,
   While I carry my shovel and broom.

38.  The taking of Guy Fawkes.

In one of the print-shops of London may be seen a representation of the taking of Guy Fawkes, in the reign of King James the First.  In the year 1605, the plot to destroy the king and parliament was discovered, owing to an anonymous letter sent to Lord Monteagle.  In a cellar under the parliament-house, there were found thirty-six barrels of gunpowder; upon which were laid bars of iron, massy stones, faggots, &c.  Near these Guy Fawkes was concealed, with a dark lantern and three matches.  He instantly confessed his guilt; and, with Sir Everard Digby, Catesby, and several others, was executed.

39.  Guy Fawkes in Effigy.

Who comes riding hither, as black as a coal,
   With matches and old tinder-box,
And holding his lantern, a figure so droll?
   ’Tis nobody less than Guy Fawkes!

Every parish in England formerly used to have its Pope or Guy carried about by idle men and boys on the 5th of November, who usually went from house to house, begging for money to make a bonfire and a feast.  In many of the villages near London, there used to be two or more parties of large boys from different parts of the parish; and it frequently happened, that when one of them thought the other had encroached, by visiting such houses for money as were deemed out of their bounds, that battles were fought between them.  Many were lamed in these affrays, and the treasurer to the weakest party has often been plundered of such money as had been collected.

The people of England in general, of late years, have discouraged these processions and riots, and they have become so insignificant, as to be noticed only by children.  But even in the present time, some idle people will fire guns, and throw squibs into the streets, which have caused many serious accidents; and here seems some poor creature going to

40.  Bartholomew’s Hospital,

Which is in West Smithfield, and where all persons accidentally injured, are admitted at any hour of the day or night, and carefully attended by skilful surgeons, and proper nurses.  This hospital has long remained a monument of the piety of its founder, — Rahere, who was minstrel, or jester, to King Henry the First.  Grown weary of the gay offices of his station, he reformed, founded a priory, and established this hospital for the sick and maimed.  It was granted by King Henry the Eighth, on certain conditions, to the City of London, in the last year of his reign, for the same purposes as those of its original foundation.  The present building was erected in the reign of George the Second, in 1730.

41.  Smithfield Market

Is in a large, open, square place, called West Smithfield; where is held, for three days in the week, a market for hay and straw; and the other three days for horses and cattle of all kinds, which make the place very dirty and inelegant in its appearance.  Various have been the purposes, at different periods, to which this place has been applied, it having been equally devoted to festive joy, and extreme misery.  Here, in the days of chivalry, the court and nobility held their gallant tilts and tournaments, with a magnificent parade, characteristic of the age.  On the same spot, for a series of years, have been enjoyed by the lowest vulgar, the buffoonery humours of Bartholomew Fair, which was first granted by Henry the Second, to a neighbouring priory, as a mart for selling the commodities of the drapers of London, and clothiers of England.  As other channels for the disposing of drapery goods arose, this fair, from a resort of business, became a meeting of pleasure.  It continues three days, to the great annoyance of real trade and decorum; and a court of pie-powder is held daily, to settle the disputes of the people who frequent it.  On the other hand, in ancient times, it was the common place of execution for criminals.  In the centre of the place now enclosed with rails, many martyrs were burned at the stake, for their adherence to the reformed religion; and, lastly, it was the field of combat, when the guilt of the accused was attempted to be decided by duel.

There has been of late years, a show of fat cattle annually at Smithfield, and the feeders of the best kinds have been rewarded with money, or a piece of valuable plate, which has greatly contributed to encourage the improvement of various breeds of sheep and cattle.

42.  St. Dunstan’s Church.

This is in Fleet Street, and had a very narrow escape from the great fire of 1666, which stopped within three houses of it.  There are two savage figures on the outside of the clock, that strike the quarters with their clubs, with which children and strangers are much amused.  Dunstan, before he was made a saint, was well skilled in many arts: he was a good engraver and worker in brass and