id="pgepubid00016">Pasquinade.

—To the "Pasquinades" adduced in Vol. iv., p. 292., I may add one of a different character, though of older date, on a former Cardinal. On the decease of Pope Clement IX. in 1669, Cardinal Bona was named amongst those worthy of the tiara, when a French Jesuit (Père Dangières), in reply to a line inscribed, as usual upon those occasions, on the statue of Pasquin, "Papa Bona sarebbe un solecisma," made the following epigram:

The successful candidate, however, was Cardinal Emilio Altieri, who assumed the name of Clement X., in April, 1670: Bona (Giov.) died in October, 1674.

J. R. (Cork.)

Monk and Cromwell Families.

—It is a singular fact, that an estate granted to George Monk, Duke of Albemarle, for restoring the monarchy, was by intermarriage eventually vested in Oliver Cromwell, Esq., of Cheshunt, who died in 1821; being then the last male descendant of the Protector.

A SUBSCRIBER.

D'Israeli and Byron.

—Lord Byron not only "deeply underscored," in admiration, M. D'Israeli's sentence, as quoted Vol. iv., p. 99., but he also reproduced the same idea in his Monody on Sheridan:

ALFRED GATTY.

Queries.

ROMAN FUNERAL PILE.

Did the Romans throw corn, pulse, or beans on the flames of the funeral pile (rogus), or deposit them with the bones and ashes of the deceased in their sepulchres? The Query is suggested by a quantity of, to all appearance, calcined small field beans having recently been found by me, in small heaps, among a deposit of ashes embedded in sand, in the perpendicular cutting of a sand-pit at Comb Wood, near Kingston. The deposit is black, reduced to a fine powder, and, with the exception of the beans, homogeneous: it was perfectly distinct from the surrounding sand, and was about two feet under the surface of the soil. For centuries past Roman remains have been from time to time discovered at Comb Wood, and it is known to have been a Roman station. The locality in which I found the deposit is said to have been the sepulchre of the station; and from an intelligent person, engaged in excavating the sand, I learned that he occasionally came upon deposits similar to that in question, containing baked, but unglazed, clay vessels; some, of an oval form, about a yard in circumference and nearly a foot in depth, and others of the size and somewhat of the form of a flower-pot. These vessels fall to pieces after two or three days, through exposure to the air. He had also found pieces of copper or brass about an inch square, and of the thickness of a penny, as also coins.

Authorities (Virg. Æn. VI. 225.; Stat. Theb. VI. 126.; Lucan, IX. 175.) may be cited, showing that perfumes, cups of oil, ornaments, clothes, dishes of food, and other things supposed to be agreeable to the deceased, were thrown upon the flames; but I do not find corn or beans specifically mentioned as having been used on these occasions.

I may add, that the field containing the sand-pit (which is the property of His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge) is close to the road leading by Putney Heath to Kingston, and on the brow of the declivity of Comb Hill, overlooking that ancient Saxon seat of royalty which is stated to have been built out of the remains of the adjoining Roman station.

JOHN AP WILLIAM AP JOHN.

Inner Temple, Nov. 1. 1851.

DACRES OF THE NORTH.

William Lord Dacre, of the North, had four sons: 1. Thomas; 2. Leonard; 3. Edward; 4. Francis. The eldest son Thomas married, and died in his father's lifetime; leaving a son George, and three daughters, all under age. This George, on his grandfather's death, became Lord Dacre; and was in ward to the Duke of Norfolk during his minority, and his mother became the Duke's second wife. George Lord Dacre was accidentally killed before he attained his majority, leaving his three sisters his coheiresses-at-law. Two of the coheiresses were married to the Duke's two sons, the Earl of Arundel and Lord William Howard. Can any of your readers state what became of the third sister?

On the death of George Lord Dacre, the title and estates were claimed by Leonard, the second son of William Lord Dacre, by virtue of an alleged entail on the heirs male of William. Leonard, taking part in the rebellion of 1569, was attainted and fled abroad; and soon afterwards died, and is buried at Brussels, I think. The next brother, Edward, was also implicated, and fled. Is it known when and where he died; and did he leave any issue?

Francis, the fourth son of William Lord Dacre, carried on a long contest at law with the Earl of Arundel and the Lord William Howard for the Dacre's estates; claiming, under the entail of his father William Lord Dacre on the male line. He married, and had a son and a daughter. He fell under suspicion of the government, and retired abroad about the year 1588, and died there. His son is stated to have compromised his claims to the estates with the Howards.

I wish to ascertain, and possibly some of your readers may be able to state, whom did Francis Dacre marry? What was the name of his son, and was he married; and the name of his daughter, and whom did she marry; and whether there are any descendants of this branch of the Dacre family now in existence?

ERCAD.

Minor Queries.

270. Etymology of Salter.

—I wish to ascertain the precise etymology of the word salter as applied to localities far removed from the sea, and from those districts in which the making of salt is carried on. It seems to be applied in the north of England to places adjoining ancient roads, or where these pass: e.g. part of the old highway from Rochdale to Burnley is called the Salter's Gate. The old road from Rochdale to Hebden Bridge crosses Salter Edge, on Blackstone Edge. The road from Rochdale to Middleton crosses Salter Edge in Hopwood. The road from Ashton to Peniston passes Salter's Brook in the woodlands of Cheshire. It is somewhat remarkable that all these roads lead in direct lines to the Cheshire salt works.

F. R. R.

271. Chattes of Haselle.

—Sir John Mandeville, in giving the account of the growth of pepper in India, says:

"The long Peper comethe first, whan the Lef begynnethe to come; and it is lyche the Chattes of Haselle, that cometh before the Lef, and it hangethe lowe."

Is this old name for "catkins" retained in any part of England, or is it the same word?

H. N. E.

272. "Truth is that which a man troweth."

—Would some one of your correspondents furnish the authority for the saying, "Truth is that which a man troweth?"

Γ.

273. Religious