Carcassonne

154 Pedro of Aragon and Simon de Montfort 157 De Montford Accepts the Conquered Territories.—His Difficulties 159 Raymond Attacked.—Deceit Practised by the Church 162 His Desperate Efforts to Avert a Rupture 166 First Siege of Toulouse.—Raymond Gradually Overpowered 167 Intervention of Pedro of Aragon 170 Raymond Prejudged.—Trial Denied him 173 Pedro Declares War.—Battle of Muret, Sept. 13, 1213 175 De Montfort’s Vicissitudes.—Pious Fraud of the Legate 178 Raymond Deposed and Replaced by De Montfort 179 The Lateran Council.—It Decides in De Montfort’s Favor 181 Rising of the People under the Younger Raymond 184 Second Siege of Toulouse in 1217.—Death of De Montfort 185 Crusade of Louis Cœur-de-Lion.—Third Siege of Toulouse 187 Raymond VII. Recovers his Lands.—Recrudescence of Heresy 189 Negotiations Opened.—Death of Philip Augustus 190 Louis VIII. Proposes a Crusade.—Raymond Makes Terms with the Church 191 Duplicity of Honorius III.—Council of Bourges, Nov. 1225 193 Louis Organizes the Crusade in 1226 197 His Conquering Advance.—His Retreat and Death 199 Desultory War in 1227.—Negotiations in 1228 201 Treaty of Paris, April, 1229.—Persecution Established 203   CHAPTER V.—Persecution. Growth of Intolerance in the Early Church 209 Persecution Commences under Constantine 212 The Church Adopts the Death-penalty for Heresy 213 Duty of the Ruler to Suppress Heresy 215 Decline of Persecuting Spirit under the Barbarians 216 Hesitation to Punish in the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries 218