href="@public@vhost@g@gutenberg@html@files@39867@[email protected]#f133" class="pginternal" tag="{http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml}a">197

134.

Globe Gores of Henricus Glareanus, 1527. From his Geographia liber unus

203 135.

Gore Map of Leonardo da Vinci, ca. 1515

206 136.

Anonymous Globe Gores in Plane Map Construction, ca. 1550. From original manuscript in John Carter Brown Library, Providence

206 137.

Portrait of Johann Hevelius (Hevel). From his Prodromus

208 138.

Constellation Ursa Major. From Apianus Cosmographicus liber, 1529

210 139.

Constellation of Orion by Hevelius. From his Prodromus

212 140.

Terrestrial Globe Gores by Johannes Oterschaden, ca. 1675. From original in collection of The Hispanic Society of America

214 141.

Celestial Globe Gores by Johannes Oterschaden, ca. 1675. From original in collection of The Hispanic Society of America

216 142.

Engraved Sections for Globe Horizon Circle by Johannes Oterschaden, ca. 1675. From original in collection of The Hispanic Society of America

216 143.

The Orrery. From an engraving by William Pether after engraving by Joseph Wright

218 CHAP. TAILPIECES PAGE X.

Armillary Sphere. From Blagrave, Mathematical Jewel, 1585

71 XII.

Ship. From Jodocus Hondius’ World map, 1611

174 XIV.

Printer’s Mark of the Blaeu Press

219

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Chapter X

Globes and Globe Makers of the Early Seventeenth Century. The Dutch Scientific Masters and Their Preëminent Leadership

AS the first post-Columbian century came to its close the center of interest in great transoceanic exploration and discovery shifted to the northwest of Europe, to England, and to the Netherlands. Since expeditions were daily setting sail to all shores of the world, “Quoniam in omnes mundi plagas quotidie magis magisque navigatur,” quoting the word of the enthusiastic Hondius, the chart and globe makers found their services in great demand, globes both terrestrial and celestial being still regarded as essential to a navigator’s complete outfit of sailing instruments. The quick-witted Netherlanders, with well-developed business instincts, engravers, printers, map and globe makers, set to work to correct the old and to construct new “seamen’s cards” to serve the seafarers in their enterprises, and it was not long after entering this field of scientific endeavor that leadership by them was clearly attained.

Although of Danish origin, perhaps logically the Van Langren family should have had first consideration in this chapter, since father and sons came to be loyal supporters of their new homeland’s interests, and it was in the Netherlands where were laid the scenes of their activities in the field here under consideration. Chronologically, however, they had place in the preceding chapter because their work as globe makers began in the early eighties of the sixteenth century. They, at least, be it said to their credit, led the way, achieving some of their highest successes in the early seventeenth century. This, too, was the time when the Hondius, the Blaeu, the Jansson, and the Goos families came to the front to contribute their part, in a very distinguished manner, toward the promotion of the work so ably begun by their contemporary, Jacobus Florentius van Langren.

Jodocus Hondius (1567-1611) was a native of Wacken (Fig. 60).1 To this village his parents, shortly before his birth, had fled from Ghent to escape the persecuting hand of Count Egmont. The father, Oliver de Hondt, a modest teacher but a man very learned in theology, had embraced the reformed faith and therefore became an outlaw by decree of the government. On the arrest of Egmont, he with his family returned to Ghent, to remain but a