CHAPTER XXI The Ku Klux Revolution Causes of the Ku Klux Movement 654 Secret Societies of Regulators before Ku Klux Klan 659 Origin and Growth of Ku Klux Klan 661 The Knights of the White Camelia 671 The Work of the Secret Orders 675 Ku Klux Orders and Warnings 680 Ku Klux “Outrages” 686 Success of the Ku Klux Movement 690 Spurious Ku Klux Organizations 691 Attempts to suppress the Ku Klux Movement 694 State Legislation 695 Enforcement Acts 697 Ku Klux Investigation 703 Later Ku Klux Organizations 709   CHAPTER XXII Reorganization of the Industrial System Break-up of the Ante-bellum System 710 The Freedmen’s Bureau System 717 Northern and Foreign Immigration 718 Attempts to organize a New System 721 Development of the Share and Credit Systems 723 Superiority of White Farmers 727 Decadence of the Black Belt 731   CHAPTER XXIII Political and Social Conditions during Reconstruction Politics and Political Methods 733 The First Reconstruction Administration 733 Reconstruction Judiciary 744 Campaign of 1868 747 The Administration of Governor Lindsay 750 The Administration of Governor Lewis 754 Election of Spencer to the United States Senate 755 Social Conditions during Reconstruction 761 Statistics of Crime 762 Social Relations of Negroes 763 Carpet-baggers and Scalawags 765 Social Effects of Reconstruction on the Whites 766 Economic Conditions 769   CHAPTER XXIV The Overthrow of Reconstruction The Republican Party in 1874 771 Whites desert the Party 771 The Demand of the Negro for Social Rights 772 Disputes among Radical Editors 773 Demand of Negroes for Office 773 Factions within the Party 774 Negroes in 1874 775 Promises made to them 775 Negro Social and Political Clubs 776 Negro Democrats 777 The Democratic and Conservative Party in 1874 778 Attitude of the Whites toward the Blacks 779 The Color Line Drawn 780 “Independent” Candidates 781 The Campaign of 1874 782 Platforms and Candidates 782 “Political Bacon” 783 “Hays-Hawley Letter” 786 Intimidation by Federal Authorities 789 Intimidation by Democrats 791 The Election of 1874 793 The Eufaula Riot 794 Results of the Election 795 Later Phases of State Politics 798 Whites make Secure their Control 798 The “Lily Whites” and the “Black and Tans” 799 The Failure of the Populist Movement 799 The Primary Election System 800 The Negroes Disfranchised 800