solution in corneal opacity and similar conditions.

Agar (Agar), Agar, U.S.P. (Agar-Agar).—A mucilaginous substance extracted from certain seaweeds.

Nearly white, almost odorless and tasteless strips, shreds or powder, tough when damp, brittle when dry. Insoluble in cold water, but slowly soluble in hot water.

Action and Uses: Passes through the intestinal canal almost unchanged. Absorbs and retains moisture. Used in chronic constipation with intestinal atony; renders the feces soft and bulky and thus promotes peristalsis.

Dosage: 10 Gm. or 2-1/2 drachms (U.S.P.).

Agaricus (Agaric), Agaric, N.F. (White Agaric, Larch Agaric).—The fruit body of a fungus.

Action and Uses: Empirical and unreliable remedy for night sweats of phthisis.

Dosage: 0.6 Gm. or 10 grains (N.F.).

*Alcohol (Alcohol), Alcohol, U.S.P.—Not less than 92.3 per cent. by weight or 94.9 per cent. by volume of C₂H₅OH.

A colorless, volatile, inflammable liquid, with a characteristic odor and burning taste. Freely miscible with water, ether or chloroform.

Action and Uses: Rubefacient, astringent, antiseptic and by its evaporation a refrigerant. Internally it is a narcotic widely used as a “stimulant” but may do more harm than good.

Alcohol Dehydratum (Alcohol Dehyd.), Dehydrated Alcohol, U.S.P. (Alcohol Absolutum, U.S.P. VIII).—Not less than 99 per cent. by weight of C₂H₅OH.

A liquid with the same color, odor and taste as alcohol.

Alcohol Dilutum (Alcohol Dil.), Diluted Alcohol, U.S.P.—About 41.5 per cent. by weight or 49 per cent. by volume of C₂H₅OH.

*Elixir Aromaticum (Elix. Arom.), Aromatic Elixir, U.S.P. (Simple Elixir).—Compound spirit of orange in syrup, alcohol and distilled water. Absolute alcohol content about 22 per cent.

Uses: Diluent and vehicle. The alcohol content of this preparation should not be overlooked.

Elixir Aromaticum Rubrum (Elix. Arom. Rub.), Red Aromatic Elixir, N.F. (Red Elixir).—Aromatic elixir colored with cudbear.

Uses: Diluent and vehicle.

Elixir Glycyrrhizae (Elix. Glycyrrh.), Elixir of Glycyrrhiza, U.S.P. (Elixir Adjuvans, U.S.P. VIII, Elixir of Licorice).—Fluidextract of glycyrrhiza (12.5%) and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 22 per cent.

Uses: Diluent and vehicle. The alcohol content should not be overlooked.

Elixir Glycyrrhizae Aromaticum (Elix. Glycyrrh. Arom.), Aromatic Elixir of Glycyrrhiza, N.F. (Aromatic Elixir of Licorice).—Fluidextract of glycyrrhiza (12.5%), oil of clove, oil of cassia, oil of myristica, oil of fennel and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 22 per cent.

Uses: Flavoring vehicle.

Dosage: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms.

Aletris (Aletr.), Aletris, N.F. (Unicorn Root, Colic Root, Star Grass).—Rhizome and root.

Action and Uses: Simple bitter, without advantage over gentian. Also used in proprietary “female remedies,” without good evidence of value.

Dosage: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).

Fluidextractum Aletridis (Fldext. Aletrid.), Fluidextract of Aletris, N.F.—Aletris (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.

Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).

Allium (Allium), Garlic, N.F.

Action and Uses: Irritant expectorant; without advantage over senega, terpin hydrate or asafetida.

Dosage: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).

Syrupus Allii (Syr. Allii), Syrup of Garlic, N.F.—Garlic (20%) in sugar and diluted acetic acid.

Uses: Irritant expectorant.

Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

*Aloe (Aloe), Aloes, U.S.P.—The inspissated juice of different species of aloes, yielding Socotrine, Curaçao and Cape aloes, respectively.

Action and Uses: Moderately active cathartic used in the treatment of chronic constipation. Acts mostly on the large intestine.

Dosage: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.), as pills.

*Extractum Aloes (Ext. Aloes), Extract of Aloes, N.F. (Powdered Extract of Aloes).—An aqueous extract, 1 Gm. representing 2 Gm. of aloes; diluted with starch. No material advantage over aloes.

Dosage: 0.125 Gm. or 2 grains (N.F.).

Pilulae ad Prandium (Pil. ad Prand.), Dinner Pills, N.F.

1. For dinner pills without additional specifications Pilulae Aloes et Mastiches (which see), also called Lady Webster’s Pills, should be dispensed.

2. Chapman’s Dinner Pills, N.F.—Each pill contains aloes and mastic (each 0.097 Gm. or 1-1/2 grains), and ipecac (0.065 Gm. or 1 grain), with oil of fennel.

3. Cole’s Dinner Pills, N.F.—Each pill contains aloes, mass of mercury and jalap (each 0.078 Gm. or 1-1/4 grains), antimony and potassium tartrate (0.0013 Gm. or 1/50 grain) and syrup.

4. Hall’s Dinner Pills, N.F.—Each pill contains aloes (0.065 Gm. or 1 grain) with extract of glycyrrhiza and soap.

Dosage: 1 pill (N.F.).

Pilulae Aloes (Pil. Aloes), Pills of Aloes, U.S.P.—Each pill contains aloes (0.13 Gm. or 2 grains) with soap.

Dosage: 2 pills (U.S.P.).

Pilulae Aloes et Asafoetidae (Pil. Aloe. et Asafoet.), Pills of Aloes and Asafetida, N.F.—Each pill contains aloes and asafetida (each 0.09 Gm. or 1-1/2 grains) with soap.

Dosage: 1 pill (U.S.P.).

Pilulae Aloes et Ferri (Pil. Aloe. et Ferr.), Pills of Aloes and Iron, N.F.—Each pill contains aloes and exsiccated ferrous sulphate (each 0.07 Gm. or 1-1/6 grains), with aromatic powder and confection of rose.

Dosage: 2 pills (N.F.).

Pilulae Aloes et Mastiches (Pil. Aloe. et Mastich.), Pills of Aloes and Mastic, N.F. (Lady Webster’s Dinner Pill).—Each pill contains aloes (0.13 Gm. or 2 grains) and mastic (0.04 Gm. or 2/3 grain) with red rose.

Dosage: 2 pills (N.F.).

Pilulae Aloes et Myrrhae (Pil. Aloe. et Myrrh.), Pills of Aloes and Myrrh, N.F.—Each pill contains aloes (0.13 Gm. or 2 grains) and myrrh (0.06 Gm. or 1 grain), with aromatic powder and syrup.

Dosage: 2 pills (N.F.).

Pilulae Aloes et Podophylli Compositae (Pil. Aloe. et Podoph. Co.), Compound Pills of Aloes and Podophyllum, N.F. (Janeway’s Pills).—Each pill contains aloes (0.065 Gm. or 1 grain), resin of podophyllum (0.0325 Gm.