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قراءة كتاب The Steam Engine Explained and Illustrated (Seventh Edition)
With an Account of its Invention and Progressive Improvement, and its Application to Navigation and Railways; Including also a Memoir of Watt
The Steam Engine Explained and Illustrated (Seventh Edition)
With an Account of its Invention and Progressive Improvement, and its Application to Navigation and Railways; Including also a Memoir of Watt
الصفحة رقم: 6
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Proportion of Power to Tonnage 480
Improved Efficiency of Marine Engines 482
Iron Steam Vessels 483
Steam Navigation to India 484
CHAP. XIV.
AMERICAN STEAM NAVIGATION.
Steam Navigation first established in America 487
Circumstances which led to it 488
Attempts of Fitch and Rumsey to apply the single-acting Engine to the Propulsion of Vessels 489
Stevens of Hoboken commences Experiments in Steam Navigation 489
Experiments of Livingstone and Fulton 489
Fulton's first Boat 490
The Hudson navigated by Steam 491
Extension and Improvement of River Navigation 492
American Steamers 494
Difference between them and European Steamers 494
Steamers on the Hudson 494
American Paddle-wheels 495
Sea-going American Steamers 496
Speed attained by American Steamers 497
Lake Steamers 499
The Mississippi and its Tributaries 499
Steam-boats navigating it 500
Their Structure and Machinery 500
New Orleans Harbour 503
Steam Tugs 503
APPENDIX.
On the Relation between the Temperature, Pressure, and Density of Common Steam.
Empirical Formula of Biot, showing the Relation between the Pressure and Temperature 505
Empirical formula of
Southern 506
Tredgold 506
Mellet 506
De Pambour 506
MM. Dulong and Arago 506
Law of the Expansion of elastic Fluids, discovered by Dalton and Gay Lussac 506
Formula for the Relation between the Volumes and Temperatures 507
Law of Mariotte 507
Table of Pressures, Temperatures, Volumes, and Mechanical Effects of Steam 509
Empirical Formulæ for the Relation between the Volume of Water and that of the Steam produced by its Evaporation under given Pressures 511
Formula of Navier 511
Modified by De Pambour 511
On the Expansive Action of Steam.
Mechanical Effect produced during a given Extent of Expansion 511
Mechanical Effect produced during Evaporation and subsequent Expansion 512
Application to double-acting Engines 513
Formula for Pressure of Steam in Cylinders 514
Formula for total Mechanical Effect per Minute of Steam when cut off at any proposed Part of the Stroke 514
Formulæ exhibiting the Relation between the Resistance of the Load, the Resistances of the Engine, the Evaporation, the Speed of the Piston, and the Magnitude of the Cylinder 515
Formulæ showing the Relation between the Power of the Engine, the Evaporation, and the useful Load 516
Formulæ for the useful Effect and the Duty 517
Estimates of the several Sources of Resistances 518
Tables to facilitate the Computation of the Effects of Expansive Engines 519
Table of the Areas of Pistons 520
Examples of the Application of these Formulæ 521
INDEX.
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