days and times, and to summon all persons claiming to have fairs to be before the king's council at Westminster.

Cal. of Close, 1317-18, 456.

1328. It is established that it shall be commanded to all the sheriffs of England and elsewhere, where need shall require, to cry and publish within liberties and without that all lords which have fairs, be it for yielding certain farm to the king for the same or otherwise, shall hold the same for the time that they ought to hold them and no longer: that is to say such as have them by the king's charter granted them, for the time limited by the said charters; and also they that have them without charter, for the time that they ought to hold them of right.

And that every lord at the beginning of his fair shall there do, cry and publish how long the fair shall endure, to the intent that merchants shall not be at the same fairs over the time so published, upon pain to be grievously punished before the king. Nor the said lords shall not hold them over the due time upon pain to seize the fairs into the king's hands, there to remain until they have made a fine to the king for the offence, after it be duly found that the lords held the same fairs longer than they ought, or that the merchants have sitten above the time so published.

Statute, 2 Edward III., cap. 15.

1393. The ordinance underwritten was publicly proclaimed in full market in Westchepe (Cheapside), and Cornhulle (Cornhill) in London, on Thursday the 20th day of March in the 16th year.

As from of old it has been the custom to hold in the city on every feastday two markets, called Evechepynges, one in Westchepe and the other on Cornhulle; that is to say the one in Westchepe between the corner of the lane called St. Lawrence Lane and a house called the Cage. So always that the said lane be not obstructed by the people of the said market, who are not to stand near to the shops there for the sale of divers wares that in such shops are wont to be sold. And that too by daylight only, between the first bell rung and the second, for the said markets ordained. And now on the 10th day of March … William Staundone, the mayor, and the aldermen of the said city, have been given to understand that divers persons at night and by candlelight do sell in the common hostels there and in other places, in secret, divers wares that have been larcenously pilfered and some falsely wrought and some that are old as being new; and that other persons do there practise the sin of harlotry, under colour of the sale of their said wares, to the very great damage and scandal of good and honest folks of the said city.

Therefore the said mayor and aldermen by wise counsel and with good deliberation between them had, for the honour of the city and in order to put the said markets under good control and governance, have ordained that from henceforth on every such market night each of the said two bells shall be rung by the beadle of the ward where it is hung, one hour before sunset and then again half an hour after sunset. At which second ringing all the people shall depart from the market with their wares, on pain of forfeiture to the chamber of all such wares as shall, after the second bell rung, be found in the same; as to the which the beadle if he be acting, or officer by the chamber of the Guildhall thereunto assigned, shall have twopence in every shilling for his trouble in taking them. And that no one shall sell in common hostels any wares that in the said market are wont to be sold, or anywhere else within the said city or in the suburbs thereof, but only in their own shops and in the places and at the days and hours aforesaid, on pain of forfeiture to the use of the said chamber of all the wares that shall otherwise be sold.

Riley, Memorials of London, 532.

1320. Be it remembered that on the Monday next before the feast of St. Katherine the Virgin in the 14th year, the pork and beef of John Perer, John Esmar, and Reynald ate Watre, alleged to be foreign[10] butchers, were seized because that they against the custom of the city (of London), had exposed the said meat for sale at Les Stokkes (the Stocks Market on the site of the Mansion House), after curfew rung at St. Martin's-le-Grand: whereas it is enacted that no foreign butcher standing with his meat at the stalls aforesaid shall cut any meat after None rung at St. Paul's; and that as to all the meat which he has cut before None rung he is to expose the same for sale up to the hour of Vespers, and to sell it without keeping any back or carrying any away.

Riley, Memorials of London, 142.