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THE BLACKSMITH'S SHOP XX. Blacksmithing and Tools 215 XXI. First Problems in Forging 233 XXII. Welding 247 XXIII. Mild Steel or Soft Steel 264 XXIV. Hardening and Tempering. Tool Making 289 XXV. How to Harden, Soften and Stretch Steel 307 XXVI. Forging Hand Hammers 316 XXVII. Some General Forging Problems 327 ORNAMENTAL IRON WORK XXVIII. Processes, Andirons, Fire Tools 361 XXIX. Candlesticks, Hinges, Iron Brackets 380 XXX. Lamps, Lanterns, Iron Kettle Stand, Umbrella Stand 396 XXXI. Door Knockers, Plates, Handles, etc. 410

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ILLUSTRATIONS

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WORKING IN METALS

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I

INTRODUCTORY

What a pretty copper box, John. Where did you get it?"

"I made it."

"You made it?"

"Yes, out of sheet copper in my room last night. That's the way I spend my evenings. And such fun as it is! I enjoy every minute of the time. Mother says I'd work all night if she didn't stop me.

"I'd like to do something like that. Do you think I could learn to do it?"

"I'm sure you could. Do you know the blacksmith around the corner? He taught me how to do this work, and ever so much more. He got me the tools, too. He says every boy can learn to work with metals, so I thought I'd try it. I'll take you around to see him sometime. Come up to my room and I'll show my workshop and all the tools I use."

"It would be mighty nice to know how to do something else besides running an elevator all day. I get so tired of that. How long would it take me to make a box like this one?"

"Not very long if you begin in the right way. I've worked at it only since I left school. The manual training I got there helped me to know how to handle the tools. You had that training, too, and I know it will help you. Here we are, this is my workshop and bedroom. Let's work here together and I'll teach you all I know: how to use the tools and just what to do."

So began two boys to do work that one had done—metal work which any boy can do if he will but take the trouble to get the tools and have the patience to learn the way step by step.

"You don't need a large room for your workshop, you see," said John. "The table here is my work bench and all the tools can be put into a box out of the way when