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قراءة كتاب Vitus Bering: the Discoverer of Bering Strait
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RUSSIAN EXPLORATIONS, 1725-1743.
VITUS BERING:
THE DISCOVERER OF BERING STRAIT.
BY
PETER LAURIDSEN,
Member of the Council of the Royal Danish Geographical Society,
Editor of Jens Munk's "Navigatio Septentrionalis."
Revised by the Author, and Translated from the Danish by
JULIUS E. OLSON,
Assistant Professor of Scandinavian Languages in the University of Wisconsin.
WITH AN INTRODUCTION TO THE AMERICAN EDITION BY
FREDERICK SCHWATKA,
Medallist of the Paris Geographical Society, and of the Imperial Geographical Society of Russia: Honorary Member of the Bremen Geographical Society, and the Swiss Geographical Society of Geneva; Corresponding Member of the Italian Geographical Society, etc., etc.; Author of "Along Alaska's Great River," etc., etc.
CHICAGO:
S. C. GRIGGS & COMPANY,
1889.
COPYRIGHT, 1889,
BY S. C. GRIGGS AND COMPANY.
PRESS OF KNIGHT & LEONARD CO.
CHICAGO.
CONTENTS.
| Lieut. Schwatka's Introduction | vii |
| Translator's Preface | xii |
| Author's Preface | xv |
| PART I. BERING'S FIRST EXPEDITION. |
|
|---|---|
| Chapter I. | |
| Russia and England in the work of Arctic exploration.—Vitus Bering's rank as an explorer | 3 |
| Chapter II. | |
| Bering's nativity.—Norwegians and Danes in the service of Peter the Great.—Founding of the Russian navy | 6 |
| Chapter III. | |
| Plans for Bering's First Expedition.—Peter the Great's desire to know the extent of his empire.—The Northeast passage | 12 |
| Chapter IV. | |
| Bering's knowledge of Siberian geography.—Terrors of traveling in Siberia.—The expedition starts out.—The journey from St. Petersburg to the Pacific | 19 |
| Chapter V. | |
| The building of the Gabriel.—The discovery of Bering Strait | 29 |
| Chapter VI. | |
| The task assigned by Peter the Great accomplished.—History of the cartography of East Siberia.—Captain Cook's defense of Bering | 35 |
| Chapter VII. | |
| Bering's winter at the fort.—Indications of an adjacent continent.—Unsuccessful search for this continent.—Return to St. Petersburg.—General review of the results of the First Expedition | 50 |
| PART II. THE GREAT NORTHERN EXPEDITION. |
|
| Chapter VIII. | |
| Bering's plans for a second expedition.—The greatest geographical enterprise ever undertaken | 61 |
| Chapter IX. | |
| The Great Northern Expedition on its way through Siberia.—Difficulties and dangers encountered and overcome | 77 |
| Chapter X. | |
| Delay of the expedition caused by the death of Lassenius and his command in the Arctic regions.—Dissatisfaction of the Senate and Admiralty with Bering's work | 91 |
| Chapter XI. | |
| Final Preparations for the Pacific expeditions | 99 |
| PART III. THE VARIOUS EXPEDITIONS. |
|
| Chapter XII. | |
| The Arctic expeditions.—The Northeast passage.—Severe criticisms on Nordenskjöld | 107 |
| Chapter XIII. | |
| The discovery of the Kurile Islands and Japan from the north | 117 |
| Chapter XIV. | |
| Preparations for Bering's voyage of discovery to America.—Founding of Petropavlovsk.—The brothers De | |