feeble Lieutenant-General of Police—The Story of the Bookseller Blaziot—Police under the Directory and the Empire—Fouché: His Beginnings and First Chances: A Born Police Officer: His Rise and Fall—General Savary: His Character: How he organised his Service of Spies: His humiliating Failure in the Conspiracy of General Malet—Fouché’s return to Power: Some Views of his Character

191

CHAPTER VI.

Early Police (continued): England.

Early Police in England—Edward I.’s Act—Elizabeth’s Act for Westminster—Acts of George II. and George III.—State of London towards the End of the Eighteenth Century—Gambling and Lottery Offices—Robberies on the River Thames—Receivers—Coiners—The Fieldings as Magistrates—The Horse Patrol—Bow Street and its Runners: Townsend, Vickery, and others—Blood Money—Tyburn Tickets—Negotiations with Thieves to recover stolen Property—Sayer—George Ruthven—Serjeant Ballantine on the Bow Street Runners compared with modern Detectives

219

CHAPTER VII.

Modern Police: London.

The “New Police” introduced by Peel—The System supported by the Duke of Wellington—Opposition from the Vestries—Brief Account of the Metropolitan Police: Its Uses and Services—The River Police—The City Police—Extra Police Services—The Provincial Police

246

CHAPTER VIII.

Modern Police (continued): Paris.

The Spy System under the Second Empire—The Manufacture of Dossiers—M. Andrieux receives his own on being appointed Prefect—The Clerical Police of Paris—The Sergents de Ville—The Six Central Brigades—The Cabmen of Paris, and how they are kept in Order—Stories of Honest and of Dishonest Cabmen—Detectives and Spies—Newspaper Attacks upon the Police—Their General Character

258

CHAPTER IX.

Modern Police (continued): New York.

Greater New York—Despotic Position of the Mayor—Constitution of the Police Force—Dr. Parkhurst’s Indictment—The Lexow Commission and its Report—Police Abuses: Blackmail, Brutality, Collusion with Criminals, Electoral Corruption, the Sale of Appointments and Promotions—Excellence of the Detective Bureau—The Black Museum of New York—The Identification Department—Effective Control of Crime

268

CHAPTER X.

Modern Police (continued): Russia.

Mr. Sala’s Indictment of the Russian Police—Their Wide-reaching Functions—Instances of Police Stupidity—Why Sala Avoided the Police—Von H—— and his Spoons—Herr Jerrmann’s Experiences—Perovsky, the Reforming Minister of the Interior—The Regular Police—A Rural Policeman’s Visit to a Peasant’s House—The State Police—The Third Section—Attacks upon Generals Mezentzoff and Drenteln—The “Paris Box of Pills”—Sympathisers with Nihilism: An Invaluable Ally—Leroy Beaulieu on the Police of Russia—Its Ignorance and Inadequate Pay—The Case of Vera Zassoulich—The Passport System: How it is Evaded and Abused: Its Oppressiveness

288

CHAPTER XI.

Modern Police (continued): India.

The New System Compared with the Old—Early Difficulties Gradually Overcome—The Village Police in India—Discreditable Methods under the Old System—Torture, Judicial and Extra-Judicial—Native Dislike of Police Proceedings—Cases of Men Confessing to Crimes of which they were Innocent—A Mysterious Case of Theft—Trumped-up Charges of Murder—Simulating Suicide—An Infallible Test of Death—The Paternal Duties of the Police—The Native Policeman Badly Paid

312

CHAPTER XII.

The Detective, and What He has Done.

The Detective in Fiction and in Fact—Early Detection—Case of Lady Ivy—Thomas Chandler—Mackoull, and how he was run down by a Scots Solicitor—Vidocq: his Early Life, Police Services, and End—French Detectives generally—Amicable Relations between French and English Detectives

330

CHAPTER XIII.

English and American Detectives.

English Detectives—Early Prejudices against them Lived Down—The late