everything seemed very strange to them. There were no high hills in Holland. The land was low, as the land sometimes is beside the creek or down by the pond. In some places it was so low that the sea came right up into some of the streets, and when the people wished to leave their houses they had to go down the street in row-boats. Of course, the little children in those houses could not go out to play, for there were no yards and the streets were full of water.

Most of you boys have sometimes made little dams, to dam up water along the ditch or slough. That is what these Dutch people did. They built dams (or dikes, as they called them) to keep the water off the land, so that they might have farms and cities.

Now the English who had come to Holland, having left their farms and made new homes in a Dutch city, found themselves without a way to make a living. The Dutch neighbors all around them were great workers. They worked steadily, and they worked hard. The men all had some business or trade to keep them busy. The women were fine housekeepers and kept their houses clean and neat as a pin. They were all careful and saving, and had ways of using many things which some people throw away as useless.

When the English people had looked around, and saw how things were, they made up their minds that they must learn to work like the Dutch. Therefore, they learned to spin wool into thread and yarn, to weave cloth, to twist twine, to make rope, hats and pipes, to build houses of either brick or lumber, and to make tables, chairs and other pieces of furniture. These are only a few of the things that the English learned of the Dutch.

The English children saw much to interest them in their queer new home. No doubt it seemed to them a funny, funny place, with its low houses with little window panes, its giant wind-mills scattered all around the country, its odd dog carts, and its comical little girls and boys. (1068. Girl with Cat.) This picture shows us that the little girls wore long dresses, and caps with curious ornaments on the sides of their heads. Like most of the people in that country, this little maid wore wooden shoes. These she hung up in an orderly manner every night, and she always scrubbed them well on Saturday.

The Dutch children were very kind to the little English boys and girls, and, you may be sure, played with them whenever they had a chance. What do you think the stranger children learned from their new playmates? They soon learned to talk in Dutch, and to act like their Dutch comrades.

The English fathers and mothers did not like that. They still loved England, and English ways, and the English language. Their love for their old home country made them grieve to see their children forgetting it. Therefore, they began to think of moving again. They said to themselves: “We can not stay here any longer. Before long our children and grandchildren will be like the Dutch. Our young men and young women will be marrying the Dutch. We must go somewhere else, where we can stay always and still be Englishmen.”

Long before this, people had sailed across the Atlantic Ocean to this country which we now call America. Those who stayed here wrote letters home, and those who went back told their friends of this vast country, with miles and miles of good rich lands. They told of the great woods, of the high mountains and wide rivers, of the plentiful supply of wild berries and nuts, and of the fish, wild ducks, rabbits, and deer that could be used for food.

Only Indians had been living here up to that time. These red men wandered about from place to place, stopping when they pleased, now here, now there, wherever they could find plenty to eat for a time. When they came to a place where they wished to camp, they would cut some poles, stand them up, and cover them with skins to form tents. This picture of a Comanche Indian Camp (1343) shows how an Indian village looks. The Arapahoe Indian Camp (1342) gives a nearer view of one of the tents, and we can see how the skins are pieced together and stretched to make a covering.

COMANCHE INDIAN CAMP

In both pictures are shown some of the Indians themselves wrapped in their blankets. In the second picture at the opening of the tent we see a little Indian child with no blanket on. A short distance away there is a fresh skin hung over a pole to dry.

ARAPAHOE INDIAN CAMP

The English people in Holland had heard that in this great country there was plenty of room, with no cruel kings. They thought that if they could only get here they could build themselves houses, and have a church to suit them, and pray and live as they thought right. Every day they thought more and more how much better it would be if they could come to this new country and have a home of their own.

DEPARTURE OF THE PILGRIMS FROM DELFT HAVEN

Although they did not have much money, they managed finally to get two ships in which to sail across the ocean to America. And here you see a picture of the Pilgrims, as these people have ever since been called, starting for their new home. (1331. C. Departure of the Pilgrims from Delft Haven, 1620. Cope.) The quaint houses, row-boats, and great wind-mills give you an idea of what Holland is like. Lying in the harbor is one of the waiting ships. Because the water is not deep enough, she can not come close to the shore; so a row-boat must take the people out to her. A boat full is now ready to be pushed off.

All can not go this time. Some must stay in Holland. The people on the shore have brought their dear Bible with them and at this moment are kneeling in prayer, doubtless asking God to care for their friends and relatives and lead them safely across the deep waters.

In the picture called “Embarkation of the Pilgrims” (1331. Weir) we see that the Pilgrims now aboard, starting off, also have the Bible with them, and that there are prayers upon their lips as they leave the people who have been so kind to them and the little country that has given them a quiet home so long.

After they had started out the Pilgrims found that one of their ships, called the Speedwell, was not strong enough for so long and dangerous a voyage. They sailed into an English harbor, and tried to have the ship put in order. But they found she could not be made sound. So all that could crowded into the other ship, the Mayflower, and the rest of the band had to be left in England.

EMBARKATION OF THE PILGRIMS

It was not until September that the Pilgrims were really on their way. Although it was later in the season than they had wished to start, and they knew that many storms were likely to come upon them, nevertheless, they sailed off in the Mayflower with brave