قراءة كتاب Tolstoy
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unorganised; and its teachers, even in Western Europe, had not the courage of the facts they taught. Men still sought for an anchor in the philosophic systems of the ancients. The theory of evolution, put forward at the beginning of the century, had fallen into obscurity. Science was dry, dogmatic, uncoordinated, insignificant. Hence, perhaps, the contempt for science which distinguished Tolstoy throughout his life, and which made the later Tolstoy possible.—TRANS.
[2] Nikolas, five years older than Leo, had completed his studies in 1844.
[3] The English translation is entitled Childhood, Boyhood, Youth.
[4] Youth, six.
[5] Notably in his first volumes—in the Tales of Sebastopol.
[6] This was the time when he used to read Voltaire, and find pleasure in so doing.
[7] Confessions, vol. i.
[8] In March and April, 1847.
[9] "All that man does he does out of amour-propre," says Nekhludov, in Boyhood. In 1853 Tolstoy writes, in his Journal: "My great failing: pride. A vast self-love, without justification.... I am so ambitious that if I had to choose between glory and virtue (which I love) I am sure I should choose the former."
[10] "I wanted to be known by all, loved by all. I wanted every one, at the mere sound of my name, to be struck with admiration and gratitude."
[11] According to a portrait dated 1848, in which year he attained his twentieth year.
[12] "I thought there would be no happiness on earth for any one who had so large a nose, so thick lips, and such small eyes."
[13] "I divided humanity into three classes: the 'correct,' or 'smart,' who alone were worthy of esteem; those who were not 'correct,' who deserved only contempt and hatred; and the people, the plebs, who simply did not exist." (Youth, xxxi.)