a truce of four days was agreed upon. The 3rd of October, 1691, the Generals of the English and Irish armies signed the famous Treaty of Limerick. The Irish soldiers sailed away to France. In 1692 the English broke the treaty.

Battle of Glantarf.—On Good Friday, the 23rd of April, the final battle was fought between the Danes and Brien Borue[3] at Glantarf, Dublin. Before the battle started Brien Borue rode on his horse amongst his troops; holding a crucifix in his hand he addressed his army. This was a hand-to-hand fight. From the time the tide was high-water until a long time after it was low-water the result was doubtful. Before evening the Danes gave way all around. Victory crowned Brien and his Munster men. The losses were: Irish, over 4,000, and Danes, over 7,000.

However, Brien Borue was assassinated while praying in his tent.

This battle released the whole of Europe from the Danish power.

Black Death.—This dangerous contagious disease made its way into Ireland about the year 1348. It was so dangerous that any person who touched the sick or even looked for a few seconds into his face was immediately affected and died. It swept the English out of Ireland. According to the English accounts, it touched but few of the native Irish.

Black Famine.—This was called to the famine years of 1845, 1846 and 1847. During these years for the want of food people died by thousands from hunger. From November, 1846, until the end of the spring of 1847, people were falling dead like Autumn leaves in a storm, by the roadside, in their cabins, and in the fields. For burial their corpses were conveyed to the graveyard in sheets and buried without coffins. Dogs in search of food tore into the tombs and preyed upon the emaciated corpses of the famine victims.

This famine was caused by a failure of the potato crop, on which the common people lived for sustenance. The blackest feature of this famine was that the Irish branch of the Church of England availed of it to seduce the starving people into Protestantism with soup and bibles, and that these years there was enough corn shipped out of Ireland to maintain the class ascendency in luxury, that would feed as many as died through hunger.

(See P. 212-232, Hist. Co. Kerry.)

Blood Money.—This is money paid by the government to spies, informers and crown witnesses, to induce them to swear against persons charged with murder, or serious crime. It was much used during the Irish agitation. By the Crimes (Coercion) Act of 1882, it was proposed to levy a "Blood Tax" for murder on the innocent rate-payers.

At present, compensation to police injured in certain cases in the execution of their duties and malicious injury to property is charged against the rate-payers.

Boycotting.—This word was derived from Captain Boycott, a land agent who was boycotted. Today it is to be found in every dictionary in the English language. Its use and effect in our district is fully set forth by me in my "His. Co. Kerry"—Corkaguiny, and also under The Reading of Chronology.

Brehons.—Were the names given to ancient Irish judges, who administered the Irish ancient laws with strict justice and impartiality. In 1365 or thereabouts, the English by the Statute of Kilkenny, forbade the English subjects to obey it. However, for its justice it was respected and obeyed until after Cromwell's wars in Ireland.

Brigid's (Saint) Day.—This falls on the 1st of February of each year, and formerly was observed as a holy day in honor of the death of St. Brigid, she being the founder of the famous nunnery of Kildare and the patroness of Ireland. In those parts a pretty ancient custom of carrying a Brideoge on St. Brigid's Day, and receiving gifts in her name, still survives, although in a dying form. In country homes eggs were usually given to those accompanying or carrying Brideoge. However, if any of those receiving these gifts were seen drinking intoxicating liquors with the proceeds of St. Brigid's Day, it would be made sufficiently clear to some member of the party that thereafter their visits were undesirable, and the next time they came around they were to go empty-handed.

St. Brigid was born about the year 452 at a place called Foghert, near Dundalk. She founded her convent under or near an oak tree, from which the town and county of Kildare took their present name.

She was the mother and foundress of many others and was known as the "Wonderful Worker" throughout Ireland. On the 1st of February, 525, she died and was buried at Kildare. Her nuns honored her memory so much that they kept a fire continually burning both day and night which was not extinguished until 1220, when the Archbishop of Dublin ordered it to be put out, as it was fast becoming the object of superstition.

Owing to the Scandinavian raids upon Ireland, in which they tore down churches and monasteries, her body was taken from Kildare and transferred to Down Patrick. In 1185 a triple vault was discovered containing the bodies of St. Patrick, St. Brigid and St. Columba. On the 9th of June, 1186, or thereabouts, the Pope caused the relics of these three great saints to be placed in the Cathedral of Down. This cathedral with its contents was destroyed by order of King Henry VIII of England, but pieces of the relics, including the head of St. Brigid, were saved by some clergy. The head was carried to Neustadt, in Austria. In 1587, Emperor Rudolf gave it to the Church of the Jesuits at Lisbon. According to the Catholic Encyclopedia, her hand is preserved at Lumiar, near Lisbon, Portugal, and another relic is at St. Martin's, Cologne.

Cat Brack.—This was the name given to printed matter found in Irish primers supplied by the Irish Protestant Society to Irish-speaking Roman Catholics in those parts, because the former, under the color and pretense of preserving the Irish language, both oral and written, instead taught the Protestant version of the Scriptures and thereby attempted to overthrow the Roman Catholic religion. This campaign started out very active in 1836 and lingered on to the last days of the last century. While the scholars were learning both teachers and pupils were in receipt of pay. Some teachers made it a practice to enter the names of Roman Catholics on their roll books who were not students, but as a friendly neighbor would accommodate the teacher so as to enable him to get his fees.

Catholic Rent.—This was a tax levied in 1823 upon Catholics by Daniel O'Connel's Catholic Association to support the fight for emancipation.

Charity Meal.—At the end of 1879, a famine threatened Ireland. The British Government at first refused to take any steps to prevent death from hunger. The Land League, which was founded by the later Michael Davitt, in April, 1879, by Parnell, was temporarily converted into a relief organization. In America, Parnell and John Dillion collected $250,000 for the relief of distress.[4] The Duchess of Marlborough also appealed for help. In January and February, large contributions arrived from Canada, Australia, India, and the United States. The funds were distributed amongst the clergy of the poorer parishes, who issued tickets to traders to supply poor people with Indian meal.

Cholera Plague.—On the 14th of March of 1831 this great