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THE ENCYCLOPÆDIA BRITANNICA
A DICTIONARY OF ARTS, SCIENCES, LITERATURE AND GENERAL INFORMATION
ELEVENTH EDITION
VOLUME VIII SLICE VIII
Dubner to Dyeing
Articles in This Slice
DÜBNER, JOHANN FRIEDRICH DUNFERMLINE, JAMES ABERCROMBY DUBOIS, FRANÇOIS CLÉMENT THÉODORE DUNFERMLINE (burgh of Scotland) DUBOIS, GUILLAUME DUNGANNON DUBOIS, JEAN ANTOINE DUNGARPUR DUBOIS, PAUL DUNGARVAN DUBOIS, PIERRE DUNGENESS DUBOIS (Pennsylvania, U.S.A.) DUNGEON DUBOIS-CRANCÉ, EDMOND LOUIS ALEXIS DUNKELD DU BOIS-REYMOND, EMIL DUNKIRK (France) DUBOS, JEAN-BAPTISTE DUNKIRK (New York, U.S.A.) DUBUQUE DUNLOP, JOHN COLIN DU CAMP, MAXIME DUNMORE DU CANGE, CHARLES DU FRESNE DUNMOW DUCANGE, VICTOR HENRI JOSEPH BRAHAIN DUNNE, FINLEY PETER DUCAS (Byzantine family) DUNNOTTAR CASTLE DUCAS (Byzantine historian) DUNOIS, JEAN DUCASSE, PIERRE EMMANUEL ALBERT DUNOON DUCAT
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class="pginternal" tag="{http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml}a">DUNROBIN CASTLE DU CHAILLU, PAUL BELLONI DUNS DUCHENNE, GUILLAUME BENJAMIN AMAND DUNSINANE DU CHESNE, ANDRÉ DUNS SCOTUS, JOHN DUCHESNE, LOUIS MARIE OLIVIER DUNSTABLE DUCIS, JEAN FRANÇOIS DUNSTAFFNAGE DUCK DUNSTAN, SAINT DUCKING and CUCKING STOOLS DUNSTER DUCKWEED DUNTOCHER DUCKWORTH, SIR JOHN THOMAS DUNTON, JOHN DUCLAUX, AGNES MARY F. DÜNTZER, JOHANN HEINRICH JOSEPH DUCLOS, CHARLES PINOT DUNWICH DUCOS, PIERRE ROGER DUOVIRI DUCTLESS GLANDS DUPANLOUP, FÉLIX ANTOINE PHILIBERT DUDERSTADT DUPERRON, JACQUES DAVY DUDLEY, BARONS AND EARLS OF DUPIN, ANDRÉ MARIE JEAN JACQUES DUDLEY, EDMUND DU PIN, LOUIS ELLIES DUDLEY, SIR ROBERT DUPLEIX, JOSEPH FRANÇOIS DUDLEY, THOMAS DUPONT, PIERRE DUDLEY (English county & town) DUPONT DE L’ÉTANG, PIERRE ANTOINE DUDO DUPONT DE L’EURE, JACQUES CHARLES DUDWEILER DU PONT DE NEMOURS, PIERRE
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SAMUEL DUEL DUPORT, ADRIEN DUENNA DUPORT, JAMES DUET DÜPPEL DUFAURE, JULES ARMAND STANISLAS DU PRAT, ANTOINE DUFF, ALEXANDER DUPRÉ, JULES DUFFERIN AND AVA, FREDERICK TEMPLE HAMILTON-TEMPLE-BLACKWOOD DUPUIS, CHARLES FRANÇOIS DUFF-GORDON, LUCIE DUPUY, CHARLES ALEXANDRE DUFFTOWN DUPUY, PIERRE DUFFY, SIR CHARLES GAVAN DUPUY DE LÔME, STANISLAS CHARLES HENRI LAURENT DUFOUR, WILHELM HEINRICH DUPUYTREN, GUILLAUME DUFRÉNOY, OURS PIERRE ARMAND PETIT DUQUE DE ESTRADA, DIEGO DUFRESNY, CHARLES DUQUESNE, ARRAHAM DUGAZON DUQUESNE (Pennsylvania, U.S.A.) DUGDALE, SIR WILLIAM DURAMEN DUGONG DURAN DUGUAY-TROUIN, RENÉ DURÁN, AGUSTÍN DU GUESCLIN, BERTRAND DURANCE DUHAMEL, JEAN BAPTISTE DURAND, ASHER BROWN DUHAMEL DU MONCEAU, HENRI LOUIS DURAND, GUILLAUME DÜHRING, EUGEN KARL DURAND, GUILLAUME DUIGENAN, PATRICK DURANDO, GIACOMO
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[email protected]#ar61" class="pginternal" tag="{http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml}a">DUIKER DURANGO (state of Mexico) DUILIUS, GAIUS DURANGO (city of Mexico) DUISBURG DURANI DUK-DUK DURANTE, FRANCESCO DUKE DURÃO, JOSÉ DE SANTA RITA DUKE OF EXETER’S DAUGHTER DURAZZO DUKER, CARL ANDREAS D’URBAN, SIR BENJAMIN DUKERIES, THE DURBAN DUKES, LEOPOLD DURBAR DUKINFIELD DÜREN DULCIGNO DURENE DULCIMER DÜRER, ALBRECHT DÜLKEN DURESS DULONG, PIERRE LOUIS D’URFEY, THOMAS DULSE DURFORT DULUTH DURGA DULWICH DURHAM, JOHN GEORGE LAMBTON DUMAGUETE DURHAM (county of England) DUMANJUG DURHAM (city of England) DU MARSAIS, CÉSAR CHESNEAU DURHAM (North Carolina, U.S.A.) DUMAS, ALEXANDRE DURIAN DUMAS, ALEXANDRE (Fils)
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tag="{http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml}a">DURIS DUMAS, GUILLAUME MATHIEU DÜRKHEIM DUMAS, JEAN BAPTISTE ANDRÉ DURLACH DU MAURIER, GEORGE LOUIS PALMELLA BUSSON DUROC, GÉRAUD CHRISTOPHE MICHEL DUMBARTON DUROCHER, JOSEPH MARIE ELISABETH DUMBARTONSHIRE DURRA DUMB WAITER DURUY, JEAN VICTOR DUM-DUM DU RYER, PIERRE DUMESNIL, MARIE FRANÇOISE DUSE, ELEANORA DUMFRIES DUSSEK, JOHANN LUDWIG DUMFRIESSHIRE DÜSSELDORF DÜMICHEN, JOHANNES DUSSERAH DÜMMLER, ERNST LUDWIG DUST DUMONT DUTCH EAST INDIA COMPANY, THE DUMONT, ANDRÉ HUBERT DUTCH LANGUAGE DUMONT, FRANÇOIS DUTCH LITERATURE DUMONT, JEAN DUTCH WARS DUMONT, PIERRE ÉTIENNE LOUIS DUTCH WEST INDIA COMPANY, THE DUMONT D’URVILLE, JULES SÉBASTIEN CÉSAR DUTENS, LOUIS DUMORTIERITE DUTROCHET, RENÉ JOACHIM HENRI DUMOULIN, CHARLES DUTT, MICHAEL MADHU SUDAN DUMOURIEZ, CHARLES FRANÇOIS DUTY
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[email protected]#ar104" class="pginternal" tag="{http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml}a">DUMP DU VAIR, GUILLAUME DUNASH DUVAL, ALEXANDRE VINCENT PINEUX DUNBAR, GEORGE DUVAL, CLAUDE DUNBAR, PAUL LAURENCE DUVENECK, FRANK DUNBAR, WILLIAM DU VERGIER DE HAURANNE, JEAN DUNBAR (seaport of Scotland) DUVEYRIER, HENRI DUNBLANE DUX DUNCAN (Scottish kings) DUXBURY DUNCAN, ADAM DUNCAN DVINA DUNCAN, PETER MARTIN DVINSK DUNCAN, THOMAS DVOŘÁK, ANTON DUNCE DWARAKA DUNCKER, MAXIMILIAN WOLFGANG DWARF DUNCKLEY, HENRY DWARS DUNCOMBE, SIR CHARLES DWIGHT, JOHN DUNDALK DWIGHT, JOHN SULLIVAN DUNDEE, JOHN GRAHAM OF CLAVERHOUSE DWIGHT, THEODORE WILLIAM DUNDEE (city of Scotland) DWIGHT, TIMOTHY DUNDERLANDSDAL DYAKS DUNDONALD, THOMAS COCHRANE DYCE, ALEXANDER DUNEDIN DYCE, WILLIAM DUNES
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[email protected]#ar251" class="pginternal" tag="{http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml}a">DYEING DUNFERMLINE, ALEXANDER SETON
DÜBNER, JOHANN FRIEDRICH (1802-1867), German classical scholar (naturalized a Frenchman), was born in Hör selgau, near Gotha, on the 20th of December 1802. After studying at the university of Göttingen he returned to Gotha, where from 1827-1832 he held a post (inspector coenobii) in connexion with the gymnasium. During this period he made his name known by editions of Justin and Persius (after Casaubon). In 1832 he was invited by the brothers Didot to Paris, to co-operate in a new edition of H. Etienne’s Greek Thesaurus. He also contributed largely to the Bibliotheca Graeca published by the same firm, a series of Greek classics with Latin translation, critical notes and valuable indexes. One of Dübner’s most important works was an edition of Caesar undertaken by command of Napoleon III., which obtained him the cross of the Legion of Honour. His editions are considered to be models of literary and philological criticism, and did much to raise the standard of classical scholarship in France. He violently attacked Burnouf’s method of teaching Greek, but without result. Dübner may have gone too far in his zeal for reform, and his opinions may have been too harshly expressed, but time has shown him to be right. The old text-books have been discarded, and a great improvement in classical teaching has taken place in recent years. Dübner died at Montreuil-sous-Bois, near Paris, on the 13th of December 1867.
