Esperanto Self-Taught
WITH
PHONETIC PRONUNCIATION.
BY
WILLIAM W. MANN.
(Member of the British Esperanto Association.)

THIRD EDITION

PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN

London:
E. MARLBOROUGH & CO., LTD., 51 Old Bailey, E.C. 4

[ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.]

PREFACE.

The object of this volume is two-fold. It supplies very full and comprehensive vocabularies of the words required by the tourist or traveller, visitor or resident abroad, health or pleasure seeker, and professional or business man, together with a large number of conversational sentences of a typical and practical character. The words and phrases are classified according to subject, and the phonetic pronunciation of every word is added in accordance with Marlborough's simple and popular system of phonetics.

With the aid of this book anyone may undertake a trip to a foreign land, even if he know nothing of the language of the country he is going to, and, if he will put himself beforehand in communication with Esperantists in the various places he intends to visit, he will find them ready to help him in many ways, and his stay abroad will thus be made much more entertaining and instructive than if he had spent his time in the conventional manner of the ordinary tourist. A further great advantage of this international language is, that it opens up to the traveller, not merely one particular country, but the whole of Europe.

The book also aims at affording a practical guide to Esperanto for the student, who will find, in the section on Grammar, all that he needs to give him full insight into and grasp of the language, enabling him with very little effort to read, write and speak correctly.

By joining an Esperanto Group the learner may have frequent opportunity of conversational practice, and he will soon find that it is by no means a difficult matter to become as fluent in the auxiliary language as in his mother-tongue.1

Esperanto is not merely a language for tourists, but already possesses a rich literature of considerable extent, the beginnings of that "Weltlitteratur" foreseen by Goethe; it has a press of its own representing every country of importance in the world, and is constantly being made use of for professional purposes by doctors, scientists, teachers, lawyers, soldiers, sailors, merchants, etc., in every quarter of the globe. It is undoubtedly destined, ere many years have passed, to become a very important factor in the progress of the world.

WILLIAM W. MANN.

London, 1908.

PRINTED AND MADE IN GREAT BRITAIN.

Letchworth: The Garden City Press Ltd.

Fifth Impression

CONTENTS.

• Alphabet, with English Phonetic Pronunciation 5
• Preliminary Notes.—Accents, Vowels, Diphthongs, etc. 7
• Vocabularies.—Pages 9 to 76.
  • Amusement, Recreation and 41
  • Animals, Vegetables, &c.:
    • Animals, Birds and Fishes 12
    • Fruit, Trees, Flowers and Vegetables 15
    • Reptiles and Insects 14
  • Colours 17
  • Commercial Terms 56
  • Correspondence 61
  • Countries and Nations 40
  • Cycling 44
  • Cooking and Table Utensils 29
  • House and Furniture, The 34
  • Legal Terms 54
  • Mankind:
    • Relations 22
    • Dress and the Toilet 30
    • Food and Drink 27
    • Health 26
    • Human Body, The 23
    • Physical and Mental Powers, Qualities, etc. 24
  • Motoring 47
  • Numbers: Cardinal, Ordinal, Collective and Fractional 62 to 64
  • Parts of Speech.—Pages

href="@public@vhost@g@gutenberg@html@files@23984@[email protected]#s35" class="pginternal" tag="{http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml}a">64 to 76

• Adjectives 64
• Adverbs, Conjunctions, and Prepositions 72
• Verbs 68

Photography 48

Post, Telegraph and Telephone 60

Professions and Trades 52

Recreation and Amusement 41

Religion 50

Telegraph and Telephone (Post, —) 60

Time and Seasons 17

Town, Country, and Agriculture 20

Travelling:

• By Road and Rail 36
• By Ship 39

Washing List 33

World and its Elements, The 9

• Land and Water 10
• Minerals and Metals 11

Grammar.—Pages 77 to 88.

• The Adjective 77
• " Adverb 83
• " Article 77
• " Conjunction 83
• " Noun 77
• " Preposition 83
• " Pronoun 78
• " Verb 81

The Formation of Words, etc.—Pages 84 to 88.

• Prefixes and Suffixes 84 to 87
• Compound Words 87
• Correlatives 88

Conversations.—Pages 89 to 126.

• Amusements 112
• Commercial and Trading 125
• Correspondence 122
• Custom House, At the 98
• Cycling 114
• Enquiries 93
• Expressions, (Useful and Necessary) 89
  • Expressions of Emotion 93
• Health 105
• Legal and Judicial

href="@public@vhost@g@gutenberg@html@files@23984@[email protected]#s66" class="pginternal" tag="{http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml}a">123

Meals 102 to 105

• Breakfast 102
• Dinner 103
• Tea 104

Money Changing 126

Motoring 115

Photography 117

Post and Telegraph 121

Religion 118

Shopping 108

• Dressmaker 110
• Laundress 111
• Shoemaker 110

Telegraph (Post and) 121

Time of Day, The 118

Times, Seasons, and Weather 119

Town, In 106

Travelling:—

• Arrival 99
• Bus and Tram 100
• Changing Money 126
• Hotel and Rooms 100
• Public Notices 94
• Railway, By 95
• Steamer, By 97

Useful and Necessary Expressions 89

Money.—Equivalent Values 127

Weights and Measures; Postage 128

THE ESPERANTO ALPHABET
(WITH PHONETIC PRONUNCIATION).

The Esperanto Alphabet has 28 letters—23 consonants, 5 vowels:—

Characters. Name and English Pronunciation. Phonetics used. A, a (ah) like a in father or pa; as patro (pah'troh). In unaccented syllables it should not be dwelt upon, and in all cases it should be pronounced quite purely, without the slight drawling r-sound which is sometimes added to the corresponding vowel in English ah B, b (bo) as in English b C, c (tsoh) like ts in gets, hits, and never as in English; as caro (tsah'roh) ts Ĉ, ĉ (cho) like ch in church; as ĉasi (chah'see) ch D, d (do) as in English, but with tip of tongue placed on back of teeth instead of on front ridge of roof of mouth d E, e (eh) like e in bend pronounced broadly, or a in hate shortly pronounced, but quite pure, entirely without the slight drawling ee-sound often heard after the English vowel; as beno (beh'noh) e, eh F, f (fo) as in English f G, g (go) like g in go, give, as gasto (gah'stoh), and never like g in gem, allege g Ĝ, ĝ (jo) like g in gem, general, and j in jovial; as ĝeni (jeh'nee) j H, h (ho) as in English h Ĥ, ĥ (ĥo) like ch in Scotch loch, ch in German hoch, j in Spanish mujer. This guttural sound is practically a very strongly aspirated h, and may be made by trying to pronounce "ho" with the throat arranged as for saying k:—ĥoro (khoro), ĥino (khino) kh I, i

class="t6 j">(ee) like ee in seen, as li (lee). In unaccented syllables, and before two consonants together, this i practically becomes the i in it or in wind; as ferminte (fehrr-min'teh) ee, i J, j (yo) always like y in yet, as jes (yehss), vojo (vo'yo), and never like j in judge, joke y It should be remembered that j is always a consonant, with the sound of the English y in you. Of course, when j occurs at the end of a word or before a consonant, it practically unites with the preceding vowel to form a diphthong, and loses the full consonantal sound which it has before a vowel. Thus: Aj (ahy), like ah y in ah yes (almost like y in my); as kaj (kah'y), rajdi (rah'y-dee), krajono (krah-yo'no) ahy Ej (ehy), like ay y in say yes; as plej (pleh'y, one syllable) ehy Oj (oy), like oh y in oh yes (almost like oy in toy); as ranoj (rah'noy), kojno (koy'noh) oy Uj (ooy), like oo y in too young; as tuj (too'y, one syllable), prujno (proo'yno, two syllables) ooy Ĵ, ĵ (zho) like s in vision or pleasure, or j in French jeune, j'ai; as ĵeti (zheh'tee) zh K, k (ko) as in English k L, l (lo) as in English l M, m (mo) as in English m N, n (no) as in English n O, o (oh) like o in horse, not diphthongized, but pronounced purely and rather shortly, as bona (boh'nah NOT bow'nah), quite without the short oo-sound frequently heard with the English vowel in such words as note, boat. Its sound is almost equivalent to aw in caw, pronounced shortly and with the lips placed roundly as if for saying oh; as estonta (ess-tohn'tah) o, oh P, p (po) as in English p R, r (ro) as in English, but sounded much more forcibly, and always with a trill as in singing; as korpo (kohr'po) r S, s (so) like s in say, as suno (soo'noh), and never as s in rose; as pesi (peh'see) s, ss Ŝ, ŝ (sho) like sh in show, she; as ŝipo (shee'poh) sh T, t (to) as in English, but dentally—with tip of tongue placed on back of teeth instead of on front ridge of roof of mouth t U, u (oo) like oo in boot, as nubo (noo'boh); and never as u in mute or but oo Ŭ, ŭ (wo) is equivalent to the English w, and is produced by a partial bringing together of the lips. It practically only occurs after a or e w, ŏŏ (1) Aŭ. To say antaŭ, for instance, say "ahn'tah," and finish by bringing the lips slightly together to pronounce the ŭ (w). Similarly for laŭta (lah'w-tah). This sound is not exactly the English ou in house, but is just the au in the German Haus. The phonetic sign for aŭ, therefore is ahw (2) Eŭ, as in Eŭropo (ehw-ro'poh), is pronounced with a similar closing of the lips after the eh-sound ehw V, v (vo) as in English v Z, z (zo) as in English z

PRELIMINARY NOTES.

In order to make the best progress in acquiring the words and sentences in the following pages, the student is recommended to learn a few at a time by repeating them aloud with the aid of the phonetic pronunciation in the third column.

Although the system of phonetics may seem a little cumbersome, practice will soon enable the student to pronounce the words easily and naturally. The following notes will be useful:—

1. Accent.—In Esperanto, every letter, whether vowel or consonant, is sounded. The accented syllable of a word is always the last but one. Thus, nobla (noh'blah), irado (ee-rah'do), telefono (teh-leh-foh'no), internacia (in-tehr-naht-see'ah), folio (fohlee'oh).

It should be borne in mind that j and ŭ are consonants, and do not, like the vowels, of themselves constitute a syllable. Thus, tiu (tee'oo, two syllables) and tiuj (tee'ooy, also two syllables), rajdi (rah'y-dee, not rah-ĭ'dee), antaŭ (ahn'tahw, not ahn-tah'ŏŏ).

2. The vowels, a, e, i, o, u, should in Esperanto be pronounced quite purely, and entirely without any drawling after-sound. Many English speakers diphthongize a, i, o, and pronounce late as "la-it," pale as "pa-il," paper as "pa-y-per," road as "row-d," etc. This habit of drawling the vowels, when transferred to Esperanto, thus: Mi ne povas bone paroli, mee'y nay'ee poh'ŏŏ-vah(r)ss boh'ŏŏ-nehy pah(r)-roh'ŏŏ-leey, immediately reveals the nationality of the speaker.

There is also an inclination to interpose an r-sound between la ("the") and a word beginning with a vowel, thus: la(r)ebleco instead of la

ebleco, la(r)internacia lingvo instead of la internacia lingvo, etc. This should be avoided.

3. Combinations of Consonants.—There are a few consonantal combinations which offer a slight difficulty to English beginners, viz., gv, kn, kv, sc. The combinations gv, kn, and kv, as in gvidi (gvee'dee), knabo (knah'bo), kvieto (kvee-eh'toh), may be practised by first placing a vowel before the g or k, and gradually suppressing it. Thus, first say la knabo (lahk-nah'bo), and gradually drop the "lah," until finally knabo can be said without difficulty.

The combination sc, as in sceno (stseh'no), may be learnt thus: Say "last sane" several times, very distinctly pronouncing the st and the s, then gradually "'st sane", and finally sceno (stseh'no) without any preceding vowel-sound. When this combination follows a vowel, as in mi scias, it should cause no difficulty, for the s is easily pronounced with the first syllable, thus: meess-tsee'ahss.

---

LETTER FROM DR. ZAMENHOF.
(Founder of Esperanto.)

Varsovio, 14.9.08.

Karaj Sinjoroj,—Kun plezuro kaj danko mi ricevis vian leteron de 10.9, kaj ankaŭ la presprovaĵon de "Esperanto Self-Taught."

Ĉar Sro Mann estas tre kompetenta kaj sperta esperantisto, tial mi estas tute certa, ke la libro verkita de li estos tre bona kaj tre utila.

Via,

(Signed) ZAMENHOF.

[TRANSLATION.]

Warsaw, 14.9.08.

Dear Sirs,—I received your letter of Sept. 10, and the proofs of "Esperanto Self-Taught," with pleasure and thanks.

As Mr. Mann is a very competent and experienced Esperantist, I am quite certain that the book written by him will be very good and very useful.

Yours,

(Signed) ZAMENHOF.

VOCABULARIES.

1. The World & its Elements.
(La Mondo kaj ĝiaj Elementoj.)

(See Notes on the Article, p. 77.)

English. Esperanto. Pronunciation. Air aero ah-eh'ro cloud nubo noo'bo cold malvarmo mahl-vahrr'mo darkness mallumo mahl-loo'mo dew roso ro'so dust polvo pohl'vo earth tero teh'ro east oriento o-ree-ehn'toh eclipse eklipso eh-klip'so fire fajro fahy'ro fog nebulo neh-boo'lo frost frosto frohst'o hail hajlo hahy'lo heat varmo vahrr'mo light lumo loo'mo lightning fulmo fool'mo moon; —, new luno; nova luno loo'no; no'vah loo'no —, full plena luno pleh'nah loo'no moonlight lunlumo loon'loo'mo nature naturo nah-too'ro north nordo nohrr'doh rain pluvo ploo'vo rainbow ĉielarko chee-ehl-ahr'ko shade, shadow ombro ohm'bro sky ĉielo chee-eh'lo snow neĝo neh'jo south sudo soo'doh star stelo steh'lo sun suno soo'no thaw degelo deh-geh'lo thunder tondro tohn'dro weather vetero veteh'ro west okcidento ohk-tsee-dehn'toh wind vento vehn'toh

2. Land and Water.
(La Tero kaj la Akvo.)

English. Esperanto. Pronunciation. Bay golfeto golf-eh'toh beach marbordo mahrbohr'doh canal kanalo kanah'lo cape terkapo tehr-kah'po cliff krutegaĵo kroo-teh-gah'zho coast marbordo mahr-bohr'doh creek kriko kree'ko current akvofluo ahk'vo-floo'oh ebb malfluso mahl-floo'so flood (deluge) inundo in-oon'doh — (of the tide) fluso floo'so flow fluo floo'oh foam ŝaŭmo shahw'mo hill monteto

class="t2">mohn-teh'toh ice glacio glaht-see'oh island insulo in-soo'lo lake lago lah'go land tero teh'ro mainland ĉeftero chehf-teh'ro marsh marĉo mahr'cho moor stepo steh'po mountain monto mohn'toh mud koto ko'toh river rivero reeveh'ro rock roko ro'ko sand sablo sah'blo sea maro mah'ro sea-shore marbordo mahr-bohr'doh shingle ŝtonetaĵo shto-neh-tah'zho storm ventego ven-teh'go stream rivereto rivehr-eh'toh tide; —, high tajdo; altmaro tahy'doh; ahlt-mah'ro —, low malaltmaro mahl'ahlt-mah'ro valley valo vah'lo water; —, fresh akvo; sensala akvo ahk'vo; sen-sah'la ahk'vo —, salt sala akvo sah'la ahk'vo waterfall akvofalo ahk'vo-fah'lo wave ondo ohn'doh well akvoputo ahk'vo-poo'toh

3. Minerals & Metals.
(Mineraloj kaj Metaloj.)

English. Esperanto. Pronunciation. Alum aluno ahloo'no amber sukceno sookt-seh'no brass latuno lah-too'no bricks brikoj bree'koy bronze bronzo brohn'zo cement cemento tseh-mehn'to chalk kreto kreh'to clay argilo ahr-ghee'lo coal karbo kahrr'bo concrete betono beh-toh'no copper kupro koo'pro coral koralo kohrah'lo crystal kristalo kris-tah'lo diamond diamanto dee-ahmahn'toh emerald smeraldo smehrahl'doh glass vitro vee'tro gold oro oh'ro granite granito grahnee'toh gravel gruzo groo'zo iron fero feh'ro —, cast fandfero fahnd-feh'ro —, wrought forĝfero fohrj-feh'ro lead plumbo ploom'bo lime kalko kahl'ko marble marmoro mahrr-moh'ro mercury hidrargo heedrahrr'go mortar mortero mohr-teh'ro nickel nikelo nik-eh'loh opal opalo ohpah'lo ore minaĵo meenah'zho pearl perlo pehrr'lo ruby rubeno roobeh'no silver arĝento ahrr-jehn'toh slate ardezo ahrr-deh'zo soda sodo so'doh steel ŝtalo shtah'lo stone ŝtono shtoh'no tin stano stah'no zinc zinko zeen'ko

4. Animals, Birds & Fishes.
(Bestoj, Birdoj, kaj Fiŝoj.)

(See Shopping, p. 108.)

English. Esperanto. Pronunciation. Animal besto beh'stoh barking bojado bo-yah'doh bear urso oorr'so bird birdo beerr'doh blackbird merlo mehrr'lo braying azenbleko ah-zehn-bleh'ko bull bovoviro bo'vo-veer'oh calf bovido bo-vee'doh

class="t4">canary kanario kanah-ree'oh cat kato kah'toh chicken kokido ko-kee'doh claw, nail ungo oon'go cock koko ko'ko cod moruo mo-roo'oh colt ĉevalido chehvah-lee'doh cow bovino bo-vee'no crab krabo krah'bo cuckoo kukolo koo-ko'lo deer damcervo dahm-tsehrr'vo dog hundo hoon'doh donkey azeno ah-zeh'no dove, pigeon kolombo ko-lohm'bo duck anaso ah-nah'so —, wild sovaĝa anaso so-vah'ja ah-nah'so eagle aglo ah'glo eel angilo ahn-ghee'lo elephant elefanto ehleh-fahn'toh feather plumo ploo'mo fins naĝiloj nah-jee'loy fish fiŝo fee'sho fowl kortbirdo kohrrt-beer'doh fox vulpo vool'po fur felo feh'lo game ĉasaĵo chah-sah'zho gills brankoj brahn'koy goat kapro kah'pro goose ansero ahn-seh'ro gull mevo meh'vo haddock eglefino eh-gleh-fee'no hake merluĉo mehr-loo'cho hare leporo lepoh'ro hen kokino ko-kee'no herring haringo har-een'go hoof hufo hoo'foh horn korno kohrr'no horse ĉevalo cheh-vah'loh howling blekado bleh-kah'doh lamb ŝafido shah-fee'do lark alaŭdo ahl-ahw'doh lion leono leh-oh'no lobster omaro o-mah'ro mackerel skombro skohm'bro magpie pigo pee'go mane kolhararo kohl'har-ah'ro mewing miaŭado mee-ah-wah'doh monkey simio sim-ee'oh mouse muso moo'so mullet mugelo moo-gheh'lo nightingale najtingalo nahy-tin-gah'lo owl strigo stree'go ox bovo bo'vo oyster ostro oh'stro parrot papago pa-pah'go partridge perdriko pehr-dree'ko paw piedo pee-eh'doh peacock pavo pah'voh pheasant fazano fah-zah'no pig porko pohrr'ko pike ezoko eh-zo'ko plaice plateso plah-teh'so quail koturno ko-toorr'no rabbit kuniklo koo-nee'klo rat rato rah'toh raven korvo kohrr'vo rook frugilego froo-ghee-leh'go salmon salmo sahl'mo sheep ŝafo shah'fo snipe marĉa skolopo mar'chah sko-lo'po sparrow pasero pa-seh'ro stork cikonio tsee-konee'oh swallow hirundo hee-roon'doh swan cigno tseeg'noh tail vosto vo'sto thrush turdo toorr'doh tiger tigro tee'gro tortoise testudo tess-too'doh trout truto troo'toh turbot rombfiŝo rohmb-fee'sho turkey meleagro meh-leh-ah'gro turtle kelonio keh-lo-nee'oh

class="t4">whale baleno bah-leh'no wing flugilo floo-ghee'lo wolf lupo loo'po wren regolo reh-go'lo

5. Reptiles & Insects.
(Rampuloj kaj Insektoj.)

English. Esperanto. Pronunciation. Ant formiko fohrmee'ko bee abelo ah-beh'lo beetle skarabo skarah'bo bug cimo tsee'moh butterfly papilio pah-peelee'oh caterpillar raŭpo rahw'po flea pulo poo'lo fly muŝo moo'shoh frog rano rah'noh gnat kulo koo'lo grasshopper akrido ah-kree'doh insect insekto insek'toh moth; —, clothes- faleno; tineo fah-leh'no; teeneh'oh silkworm silkraŭpo silk-rahw'po snail heliko heh-lee'ko snake serpento sehr-pehn'toh spider araneo arah-neh'oh sting pikilo peekee'lo toad bufo boo'fo wasp vespo vehs'po worm vermo vehrr'mo

6. Fruits, Trees2, Flowers & Vegetables
(Fruktoj, Arboj, Floroj, kaj Legomoj.)

(For Shopping, see p. 106.)

English. Esperanto. Pronunciation. Acorn glano glah'noh almond migdalo mig-dah'lo apple pomo poh'mo apricot abrikoto ahbree-ko'toh ash frakseno frahk-seh'noh asparagus asparago ahspah-rah'go banana banano bahnah'no bark arbŝelo ahrb-sheh'lo beans faboj fah'boy beech (-tree) fago fah'go beetroot beto beh'toh birch (-tree) betulo beh-too'lo blackberry rubuso roo-boo'so bouquet bukedo bookeh'do branch branĉo brahn'cho buttercup ranunkulo rahnoon-koo'lo cabbage brasiko brahsee'ko carrot karoto kahroh'toh cauliflower florbrasiko flohr'brah-see'ko celery celerio tseh-lehree'oh cherry ĉerizo chehree'zo chestnut (edible) kaŝtano kashtah'no chrysanthemum krizantemo krizahn-teh'mo cucumber kukumo kookoo'mo currants (dried) korintoj kohreen'toy daisy lekanteto leh-kahn-teh'toh dandelion leontodo leh-ontoh'doh elm (-tree) ulmo ool'mo evergreen ĉiamverdulo chee'ahm-vehrdoo'lo fern filiko feelee'ko fibre fibro fee'broh fig figo fee'go fir (-tree) abio ahbee'oh flower floro floh'roh fruit-tree fruktarbo frookt-ahr'bo gooseberry groso groh'so grape vinbero veenbeh'ro holly ilekso eelek'so horse-chestnut hipo-kaŝtano hee'po-kahshtah'no horse-radish kreno kreh'no ivy hedero heh-deh'ro kernel kerno kehrr'no laurel laŭro lahw'ro leaf folio fohlee'oh lemon

c4">citrono tsee-troh'no lettuce laktuko lahk-too'ko lily lilio leelee'oh lily-of-the-valley konvalo kohn-vah'lo lime (fruit); -tree limedo; tilio leemeh'do; teelee'oh maize maizo mah-ee'zo maple acero aht-seh'ro melon melono meh-loh'no misletoe visko vees'ko mulberry moruso moh-roo'so nettle urtiko oortee'ko nut; walnut nukso; juglando nook'so; yooglahn'do oak (-tree) kverko kvehrr'ko onion bulbo bool'bo orange oranĝo ohrahn'jo parsnip pastinako pahstee-nah'ko peach persiko pehrr-see'ko pear piro pee'ro peas pizoj pee'zoy pine-apple ananaso ah-nahnah'so plant kreskaĵo kreskah'zho plum pruno proo'no potatoes terpomo tehrr-poh'mo primrose primolo pree-mo'lo privet ligustro lee-goost'ro pumpkin kukurbo kookoorr'bo radishes rafanoj rahfah'noy raisins sekvinberoj sek-vinbeh'roy raspberry frambo frahm'bo root radiko rahdee'ko rose rozo roh'zo skin, shell (of fruit) ŝelo sheh'lo sloe prunelo prooneh'lo spinach spinaco speenaht'so stalk, stem trunketo troonkeh'toh strawberry frago frah'go stump stumpo stoom'po tomato tomato toh-mah'toh tree arbo ar'bo trunk (tree-) trunko troon'ko tulip tulipo toolee'po turnip napo nah'po vegetable marrow medolkukurbo mehdohl'kookoor'bo vine vinberujo vinbehr-oo'yoh violet violo vee-oh'lo willow saliko sahlee'ko

7. Colours.
(Koloroj.)

English. Esperanto. Pronunciation. Black nigra nee'gra blue blua bloo'ah brown bruna broo'na crimson punca poont'sah dark malhela mahl-heh'la green verda vehrr'da grey griza gree'za light hela heh'la orange oranĝa ohrahn'ja pink rozkolora rohz-kohlo'ra purple purpura poorr-poo'ra red ruĝa roo'ja scarlet skarlata skahr-lah'ta violet violkolora veeohl'kohlo'ra white blanka blahn'ka yellow flava flah'va

8. Times & Seasons.
(La Tempoj kaj la Sezonoj.)

(For Conversations, see p. 119.)

English. Esperanto. Pronunciation. Afternoon posttagmezo post-tahg-meh'zo Bank holidays bankaj libertagoj bahn'kahy lee-behrr-tah'goy Good Friday Sankta Vendredo sahnk'tah ven-dreh'doh Easter Monday Paska lundo pah'skah loon'doh Whit-Monday Pentekosta lundo penteh-ko'stah loon'doh first Monday in August la unua lundo en Aŭgusto lah oo-noo'ah loon'doh en ahw-goo'sto Boxing-day la tago post Kristnasko lah tah'go post krist-nah'sko beginning komenciĝo koh-ment-see'jo

birthday naskotago nah'sko-tah'go century centjaro tsehnt-yah'ro Christmas-day Kristnasko krist-nah'sko dawn, daybreak tagiĝo tah-ghee'jo day tago tah'go days of the week tagoj de la semajno tah'goy deh la sehmahy'no Sunday dimanĉo deemahn'cho Monday lundo loon'doh Tuesday mardo mahrr'doh Wednesday merkredo mehrr-kreh'doh Thursday ĵaŭdo zhahw'doh Friday vendredo vendreh'doh Saturday sabato sahbah'toh Easter Pasko pah'sko end fino fee'no evening vespero veh-speh'ro fortnight du semajnoj doo seh-mahy'noy half duono doo-oh'no half-a-century duoncentjaro doo-ohn'tsent-yah'ro half-an-hour duonhoro doo-ohn-ho'ro holiday libertempo libehr-tehm'po hour horo ho'ro last month lastan monaton lah'stahn monah'tohn last night hieraŭ nokte hee-eh'rahw nohk'teh last Sunday lastan dimanĉon lah'stahn deemahn'chon last week lastan semajnon lah'stahn seh-mahy'nohn leap year superjaro soo'pehrr-yah'ro Lent la Fastsezono la fahst'seh-zo'no Michaelmas la tago de Sankta Miĥaelo lah tah'go deh sahnk'tah meekhah-eh'lo midnight noktomezo nohk'toh-meh'zo midsummer somermezo so-mehr-meh'zo minute minuto mee-noo'toh month monato mo-nah'toh months, the la monatoj la mo-nah'toy January Januaro yah-noo-ah'ro February Februaro feh-broo-ah'ro March Marto mahrr'toh April Aprilo ah-pree'lo May Majo mah'yo June Junio yoo-nee'oh July Julio yoo-lee'oh August Aŭgusto ahw-goost'oh September Septembro sep-tehm'bro October Oktobro ok-toh'bro November Novembro no-vehm'bro December Decembro deht-sehm'bro morning mateno mah-teh'no next day la proksima(n) tago(n)3 la proksee'mah(n) tah'goh(n) night nokto nok'toh noon tagmezo tahg-meh'zo quarter kvarono kvah-ro'no quarter of an hour kvaronhoro kvah-rohn-ho'ro season sezono seh-zo'no seasons la sezonoj la seh-zo'noy spring printempo prin-tehm'po summer somero soh-mehr'o autumn aŭtuno ahw-too'no winter vintro vin'tro second sekundo seh-koon'doh sunrise sunleviĝo soon'leh-vee'jo sunset sunsubiro soon'soobeer'o time tempo tehm'po to-day hodiaŭ hoh-dee'ahw to-morrow morgaŭ morr'gahw to-night hodiaŭ nokte hoh-dee'ahw nok'teh twilight krepusko krehpoos'ko week semajno seh-mahy'no week-day labortago lahbohr-tah'go Whitsuntide Pentekosto penteh-kohs'toh year jaro yah'ro yesterday hieraŭ hee-eh'rahw yesterday morning hieraŭ matene hee-eh'rahw mahteh'neh