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Historic Towns of the Western States
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Historic Towns of the Western States

by Various

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HISTORIC TOWNS
OF
THE WESTERN STATES

Edited by
LYMAN P. POWELL

Illustrated

G.P. PUTNAM'S SONS
NEW YORK & LONDON
The Knickerbocker Press
1901

Copyright, October, 1901
BY
G.P. PUTNAM'S SONS

The Knickerbocker Press, New York


PREFACE

IN presenting to the reading public this fourth volume in the series of Historic Towns, a volume which brings the series to a close, it is in order for the editor to call attention to the necessarily large measure of liberty accorded to the contributors in their treatment of the records of the several towns. With several of his co-laborers the editor has on one point or another found himself at variance. Examples of such difference of conclusions are presented in the references to the Mormons and to the Mound-builders.

The editor bears in mind, however, the essential difference between editorial responsibilities and those belonging to the writers of the papers. It was his duty to choose as contributors not writers who necessarily share his own view, but those who are most fairly representative of the towns described, who possess the necessary familiarity with the historic records, and whose narratives would be assured of an appreciative and sympathetic reception from their fellow-townsmen,—men who love their town

"with love far-brought From out the storied Past, and used Within the Present."

In the studies of Western history made by the editor during the past ten years, two historians have been his inspiration: Francis Parkman, of blessed memory, revered by all who love good literature and good history; and Theodore Roosevelt, now by the will of God President of the United States, and a trustworthy and inspiring writer of our nation's history long before he took his place among its distinguished makers.

In offering to the public this final volume of American Historic Towns, the editor ventures to hope that by thus focalizing and localizing Western history, the publishers, authors, and editor are contributing somewhat to the popular knowledge of and interest in the history of the Great West which Parkman and Roosevelt first made possible.

Since with this volume the series is brought to a close, the editor trusts that the publishers, Messrs. G.P. Putnam's Sons, will lay aside their reluctance to be mentioned in the Preface, and will permit the editor to express his admiration and indebtedness for their share, larger than is usual with publishers, in the production of the series. To his wife, Gertrude Wilson Powell, acknowledgment is also due for aid given in this as in the earlier volumes, the full value of which cannot here be indicated. Besides making two important contributions to the volume, Messrs. R.G. Thwaites and Harold Bolce have ever been ready with suggestion and counsel, always valued and almost always followed. To Doctors Talcott Williams, Albert Shaw, and George Petrie, the editor would speak this last word of gratitude for cordial and skilled assistance in connection not alone with this book but with the whole undertaking. This closing volume now goes out, with the editor's best-wishes, to the earlier friends of the series and to the new friends yet to be gained for it.

Lyman P. Powell.

St. John's Rectory,

Lansdowne, Pennsylvania,

September 21, 1901.


CONTENTS

Page Introduction Reuben G. Thwaites xix Marietta Muriel Campbell Dyar 1 Cleveland Charles F. Thwing 31 Cincinnati Milton E. Ailes 55 Detroit Silas Farmer 87 Mackinac Sara Andrew Shafer 121 Indianapolis Perry S. Heath 147 Vincennes William Henry Smith 169 Chicago Lyman J. Gage 197 Madison Reuben G. Thwaites 235 Minneapolis and St. Paul Charles B. Elliott 265 Des Moines Frank I. Herriott 301 St. Louis William Marion Reedy
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href="@public@vhost@g@gutenberg@html@files@41349@[email protected]#Page_331" class="pginternal" tag="{http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml}a">331 Kansas City Charles S. Gleed 375 Omaha Victor Rosewater 401 Denver John Cotton Dana 425 Santa Fé Frederick Webb Hodge 449 Salt Lake City James Edward Talmage 479 Spokane Harold Bolce 509 Portland Thomas L. Cole 535 San Francisco Edwin Markham 569 Monterey Harold Bolce 617 Los Angeles Florence E. Winslow 645 Index 685

ILLUSTRATIONS

Page The Dearborn Monument Frontispiece MARIETTA Marietta 3 General Rufus Putnam 7 Old Blockhouse, Marietta 9 The Mills Homestead, Marietta 17 Harman Blennerhassett 19 Mrs. Blennerhassett 21 Marietta College Buildings 23 Mound Cemetery, Marietta 25 Ohio Company's Land Office 27 Old Two Horn Church 29 CLEVELAND View in Gordon Park 33 Chamber of Commerce, Cleveland 35 Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument, Cleveland 38 Armory of the Cleveland Grays 42 Lake in Wade Park, Showing Adelbert College in the Distance 45 Perry's Monument, Wade Park, Cleveland
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class="pginternal" tag="{http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml}a">48 Charles F. Browne ("Artemus Ward") 49 Constance Fenimore Woolson 50 Garfield Memorial, Cleveland 52 CINCINNATI Tyler-Davidson Fountain 59 Entrance to Spring Grove Cemetery 65 Race Street, Cincinnati 69 City Hall, Cincinnati 73 Chamber of Commerce, Cincinnati 77 Suspension Bridge 79 Reservoir, Eden Park 83 DETROIT Cadillac Square Showing City Hall and Majestic Building 89 The Detroit River from "Windmill Point, 1838" From a Pencil Drawing. 93 West Grand Circus Park 97 Wayne County Building, Facing Cadillac Square 103 Colonel Arent Schuyler De Peyster 112 Evacuation Day Tablet, on Post-Office 113 General Grant's Home in Detroit 115 Hurlbut Memorial Gate Entrance to Water-Works Park 117 MACKINAC ISLAND Old Mission Church (Circa) 1823, Mackinac Island 123 Arch Rock, Mackinac Island 127 Sugar Loaf Rock, Mackinac Island 131 Old Blockhouse (1780) Overlooking the Lake 135 "Old Stone Quarters," Fort Mackinac, 1780 137 Signatures of the Chippewa Chiefs, who, in 1781, Deeded the Island to King George III 139 From "Mackinac," by John R. Bailey, M.D., Brevet Lieut.-Col., U.S.V., by whose kind permission they are here reproduced. 139 Fort Mackinac, and the Cannon Captured by Commodore Perry 141 Rev. Eleazar Williams 143 Reproduced from Latimer's "Scrap-Book of the Revolution," by permission of A.C. McClurg & Co. INDIANAPOLIS The Old State House, Indianapolis 149
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The New Public Library, Indianapolis 151 Benjamin Harrison 153 State House, Indianapolis, East Front 155 Soldiers' Monument, Indianapolis 159 Marion County Court House 161 Columbia Club, Indianapolis 163 The Hendricks Monument 165 VINCENNES Early French Settlers at Vincennes 175 Fort Sackville, 1779 179 Clark and His Men Crossing the River 181 General George Rogers Clark 187 William Henry Harrison 192 St. Xavier's Church, 1779 193 CHICAGO The Dearborn Monument 203 The United States Government Building, Chicago 207 Auditorium Hotel, Chicago 211 The Art Institute, Chicago 215 Statue of Abraham Lincoln 219 By St. Gaudens. Ruins of the Great Fire, Chicago 223 Public Library, Chicago 231 MADISON The State House, Madison 237 The First Executive Residence (still Standing) in use by Governor Doty 241 Profile Rock on Lake Mendota 244 View of Madison across Lake Monona 247 The First State House, Madison 251 Madison from the State House, Showing University Buildings in the Distance 253 Professor William Francis Allen 254 University Hall, State University 257 State Historical Library Building 259 General Lucius Fairchild
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align="right">262 Ex-Minister to Spain. MINNEAPOLIS AND ST. PAUL The Falls of St. Anthony about 1850 267 Tower at Fort Snelling 269 The Original "Fort" now used as a Guard-House. Alexander Ramsey 272 Court House and City Hall, Minneapolis 275 Falls of St. Anthony during High Water 279 The Milling District 281 Public Library, Minneapolis 284 Ole Bull Monument in Loring Park 286 Loring Park, Minneapolis 289 The Falls of Minnehaha 291 The Capitol, St. Paul 295 A Calm Evening 299 DES MOINES Fort Des Moines in 1844 303 Keokuk at the Age of 67 307 From a Daguerreotype taken in 1847. Iowa Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument 315 Governor Samuel J. Kirkwood 319 Hon. John A. Kasson 324 The Capitol, Des Moines 325 The Iowa Historical Library 327 ST. LOUIS Colonel Auguste Chouteau, one of the Founders of St. Louis 334 From a painting in Missouri Historical Society Collection. The Old Chouteau Mansion, Built for Laclede in 1765 336 From a Daguerreo type in Missouri Historical Society Collection. Old French Post-House, Built in 1770, Inhabited until 1870 341 Old Mound, St. Louis. Removed in 1869 346 From a photograph in Missouri Historical Society Collection. Washington University as Projected, now under Construction 359 St. Louis in 1854 365 From a print in Missouri Historical Society Collection. Eads Bridge at St. Louis 367 Forest Park, St. Louis
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tag="{http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml}a">369 Union Station, St. Louis 371 KANSAS CITY Kansas City from the South 377 Jackson County Court House, Kansas City 379 Convention Hall, Kansas City 383 The City Hall, Kansas City 387 The Post Office, Kansas City 391 A Bit of Gladstone Boulevard, Kansas City 393 The Stock Yard Exchange, Kansas City 396 The Public Library, Kansas City 397 OMAHA Alfred D. Jones 402 William P. Snowden, Omaha's First White Settler 404 A Typical Omaha Indian 407 Reproduced by permission of F.A. Rinehart, Omaha. The High School, Omaha, on the Site of the Old Capitol 411 Reproduced by permission of Heyn, Omaha. The City Hall 414 Return of the First Nebraska Volunteers, Aug. 30, 1899 417 The Public Library, Omaha 419 The Omaha Exposition, 1898 421 Reproduced by permission of F.A. Rinehart, Omaha. DENVER Sources of Territorial Acquisition in Colorado 427 Denver, Colorado 429 "Smoky" Jones 431 The Prairie Schooner, the Proper Crest for the Coat-of-Arms of the West 433 First Schoolhouse in Denver 435 Facsimile Letter from Wm. N. Byers, the Founder of the "Rocky Mountain News" 439 Prospecting Party, Rico, Colorado, 1880 441 Rico, Colorado, in 1880, a Typical Mining Camp 443 William Gilpin 444 The Capitol, Denver 445 SANTA FÉ The So-Called Oldest House in Santa Fé 451
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class="smcap">Fort Marcy and the Parroquia, Santa Fé 455 San Miguel Chapel before its Restoration 457 San Miguel Chapel in 1899 465 From a photograph by A.C. Vroman, Pasadena, Cal. Christopher ("Kit") Carson 467 The Old Palace at Santa Fé 471 Santa Fé in 1846 473 The Territorial Capitol, Completed in 1900 474 SALT LAKE CITY Pavilion of Saltair, Great Salt Lake 481 Brigham Young 483 Founder of Salt Lake City. East Temple Street, Looking South from the Temple 485 Jedediah M. Grant, First Mayor of Salt Lake City 491 Eagle Gate 492 Brigham Young Monument 495 Main Street in 1861 497 House Built in 1847 within the Old Fort 499 Mormon Temple 501 Mormon Tabernacle 503 City and County Building, Salt Lake City 505 Lion and Bee-Hive Houses 506 SPOKANE The County Court House, Spokane 511 The Last Chief to Intimidate the Inhabitants of Spokane 516 The City Hall, Spokane 519 J. Kennedy Stout 522 The "Spokesman-Review" Building 525 Middle Falls, Spokane 529 Middle Falls, Echo Flour Mills, and Old Power House 531 PORTLAND John Jacob Astor 537 Astoria in 1811 541 Based on a print in Gray's "History of Oregon." Fort Vancouver, 1833 545
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The City Hall, Portland 555 Portland in 1850 557 The Port of Portland 559 Judge Matthew P. Deady 560 View of Portland, 1900 561 A Corner in Chinatown 563 The Portland 565 SAN FRANCISCO View Northwest from Spreckel's Building 571 The Discovery of San Francisco Bay 575 From the painting by A.F. Mathews. Mission Dolores, Built in 1776 577 Seal of the Vigilance Committee 588 Union Depot 597 Chinese Pharmacy 599 Chinese Grocery Store 603 Smoking Room, Chinese Restaurant 604 A Business Centre 605 Prayer-Book Cross, Golden Gate Park 608 Seal Rock and Cliff House 609 City Hall, San Francisco 611 Leland Stanford 612 Thomas Starr King 613 Henry George 615 MONTEREY Junípero Serra, Founder of Monterey 618 Carmel Mission (Restored) 620 Twilight, Monterey Bay 621 San Carlos Church 624 Old Mexican Jail 630 Fishing Village 636 Ancient Cypress at Cypress Point 637 Statue of Junípero Serra 638 Old Mexican
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Custom-House 641 Ancient Adobe Cabin, Monterey 642 LOS ANGELES Bells of San Gabriel 647 San Diego Mission, Founded 1769 649 The Pueblo of Los Angeles. Early Spanish Plan 653 Suertes from C. to E. Don Pio Pico 655 The Last Mexican Governor. Don Antonio F. Coronel, with Spanish Cannon Brought to San Diego by Serra in 1769 657 The Old Plaza Church, Los Angeles 659 A Typical Cottage 663 John C. Frémont 666 Old Adobe, Frémont's Headquarters 671 First Stage in the Ascent of Mt. Lowe, Connecting with Electric Road on Echo Mountain 673 A Modern Residence 677 State Normal School 679 The Court House, Los Angeles 681 Improved Harbor of San Pedro, Port of Los Angeles 683