NEW WORLDS FOR OLD
A PLAIN ACCOUNT OF MODERN SOCIALISM

INTRODUCTORY REMARKS

“Undiluted Atheism, theft and immorality…. I know of no language sufficiently potent to express fully my absolute detestation of what I believe to be the most poisonous doctrine ever put forward, namely Socialism.”

His Grace the Duke of Rutland.

“Let all parties then unite to defeat this insidious Socialism which is threatening the country, and take immediate steps to expose and bring it to light. The country may truly be said to be sleeping over a veritable volcano which the next general election may precipitate, unless steps are taken at once to bring this nightmare into the light of day and force it out of its creeping nocturnal habits.”

Mr. Dudley S. A. Cosby in the Westminster Review.

“Many people think that it is possible to conduct a victorious campaign with the single watchword ‘Down with Socialism.’ Well, I am not fond of mere negatives. I do not like fighting an abstract noun. My objection to Anti-Socialism as a platform is that Socialism means so many different things. On this point I agree with Mr. Asquith. I will wait before I denounce Socialism till I see what form it takes… Socialism is not necessarily synonymous with robbery. Correctly used, the word only signifies a particular view of the proper relation of the State to its citizens, a tendency to substitute public for private ownership, or to restrict the freedom of individual enterprise in the interests of the public. But there are some forms of property which we all admit should be public and not private, and the freedom of individual enterprise is already limited by a hundred laws. Socialism and Individualism,—I am not fond of these abstract phrases. There are opposing principles which enter in various proportions into the constitution of every civilized society. It is merely a question of degree. One community is more Socialistic than another. The same community is more Socialistic at one time than at another. This country is far more Socialistic than it was fifty years ago, and for most of the changes in that direction the Unionist or Tory Party is

CONTENTS

Chap. Page

1. THE GOOD WILL IN MAN 1
2. THE FUNDAMENTAL IDEA OF SOCIALISM 22
3. THE FIRST MAIN GENERALIZATION OF SOCIALISM 28
4. THE SECOND MAIN GENERALIZATION OF SOCIALISM 58
5. THE SPIRIT OF GAIN AND THE SPIRIT OF SERVICE 91
6. WOULD SOCIALISM DESTROY THE HOME? 117
7. WOULD MODERN SOCIALISM ABOLISH ALL PROPERTY? 140
8. THE MIDDLE-CLASS MAN, THE BUSINESS MAN, AND SOCIALISM 165
9. SOME COMMON OBJECTIONS TO SOCIALISM 188
10. SOCIALISM A DEVELOPING DOCTRINE 221
11. REVOLUTIONARY SOCIALISM