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Poems on Slavery
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Poems on Slavery

by Longfellow Henry Wadsworth

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Transcriber's Note

The cover image was created by the transcriber and is placed in the public domain.

POEMS
ON
SLAVERY.

BY

HENRY WADSWORTH LONGFELLOW.

SECOND EDITION.

CAMBRIDGE:
PUBLISHED BY JOHN OWEN.

M DCCC XLII.

Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year eighteen hundred and forty-two, by H. W. Longfellow, in the Clerk's office of the District Court of the District of Massachusetts.

CAMBRIDGE:
METCALF, KEITH, AND NICHOLS,
PRINTERS TO THE UNIVERSITY.

CONTENTS.

  page To William E. Channing 9 The Slave's Dream 11 The Good Part 15 The Slave in the Dismal Swamp 18 The Slave singing at Midnight 21 The Witnesses 23 The Quadroon Girl 26 The Warning 30

[The following poems, with one exception, were written at sea, in the latter part of October. I had not then heard of Dr. Channing's death. Since that event, the poem addressed to him is no longer appropriate. I have decided, however, to let it remain as it was written, a feeble testimony of my admiration for a great and good man.]

POEMS.

The noble horse,
That, in his fiery youth, from his wide nostrils
Neighed courage to his rider, and brake through
Groves of opposed pikes, bearing his lord
Safe to
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triumphant victory, old or wounded,
Was set at liberty and freed from service.
The Athenian mules, that from the quarry drew
Marble, hewed for the Temple of the Gods,
The great work ended, were dismissed and fed
At the public cost; nay, faithful dogs have found
Their sepulchres; but man, to man more cruel,
Appoints no end to the sufferings of his slave.

Massinger.

TO WILLIAM E. CHANNING.

The pages of thy book I read,
And as I closed each one,
My heart, responding, ever said,
"Servant of God! well done!"
Well done! Thy words are great and bold;
At times they seem to me,
Like Luther's, in the days of old,
Half-battles for the free.
Go on, until this land revokes
The old and chartered Lie,
The feudal curse, whose whips and yokes
Insult humanity.
A voice is ever at thy side
Speaking in tones of might,
Like the prophetic voice, that cried
To John in Patmos, "Write!"
Write! and tell out this bloody tale;
Record this dire eclipse,
This Day of Wrath, this Endless Wail,
This dread Apocalypse!

THE SLAVE'S DREAM.

Beside the ungathered rice he lay,
His sickle in his hand;
His breast was bare, his matted hair
Was buried in the sand.
Again, in the mist and shadow of sleep,
He saw his Native Land.
Wide through the landscape of his dreams
The lordly Niger flowed;
Beneath the palm-trees on the plain
Once more a king he strode;
And heard the tinkling caravans
Descend the mountain-road.
He saw once more his dark-eyed queen
Among her children stand;
They clasped his neck, they kissed his cheeks,
They held him by the hand!—
A tear burst from the sleeper's lids
And fell into the sand.
And then at furious speed he rode
Along the Niger's bank;
His bridle-reins were golden chains,
And, with a martial clank,
At each leap he could feel his scabbard of steel
Smiting his stallion's flank.
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i0">Before him, like a blood-red flag,
The bright flamingoes flew;
From morn till night he followed their flight,
O'er plains where the tamarind grew,
Till he saw the roofs of Caffre huts,
And the ocean rose to view.
At night he heard the lion roar,
And the hyæna scream,
And the river-horse, as he crushed the reeds
Beside some hidden stream;
And it passed, like a glorious roll of drums,
Through the triumph of his dream.
The forests, with their myriad tongues,
Shouted of liberty;
And the Blast of the Desert cried aloud,
With a voice so wild and free,
That he started in his sleep and smiled
At their tempestuous glee.
He did not feel the driver's whip,
Nor the burning heat of day;
For Death had illumined the Land of Sleep,
And his lifeless body lay
A worn-out fetter, that the soul
Had broken and thrown away!

THE GOOD PART,
THAT SHALL NOT BE TAKEN AWAY.

She dwells by Great Kenhawa's side,
In valleys green and cool;
And all her hope and all her pride
Are in the village school.
Her soul, like the transparent air
That robes the hills above,
Though not of earth, encircles there
All things with arms of love.
And thus she walks among her girls
With praise and mild rebukes;
Subduing e'en rude village churls
By her angelic looks.
She reads to them at eventide
Of One who came to save;
To cast the captive's chains aside,
And liberate the slave.
And oft the blessed time foretells
When all men shall be free;
And musical, as silver bells,
Their falling chains shall be.
And following her beloved Lord,
In decent poverty,
She makes her life one sweet record
And deed of charity.
For she was rich, and gave up all
To break the iron bands
Of those who waited in her hall,
And labored in her lands.
Long since beyond the Southern Sea
Their outbound sails have sped,
While she, in meek humility,
Now earns her daily bread.
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It is their prayers, which never cease,
That clothe her with such grace;
Their blessing is the light of peace
That shines upon her face.

THE SLAVE IN THE DISMAL SWAMP.

In dark fens of the Dismal Swamp
The hunted Negro lay;
He saw the fire of the midnight camp,
And heard at times a horse's tramp
And a bloodhound's distant bay.
Where will-o'-the-wisps and glowworms shine,
In bulrush and in brake;
Where waving mosses shroud the pine,
And the cedar grows, and the poisonous vine
Is spotted like the snake;
Where hardly a human foot could pass,
Or a human heart would dare,
On the quaking turf of the green morass
He crouched in the rank and tangled grass,
Like a wild beast in his lair.
A poor old slave, infirm and lame;
Great scars deformed his face;
On his forehead he bore the brand of shame,
And the rags, that hid his mangled frame,
Were the livery of disgrace.
All things above were bright and fair,
All things were glad and free;
Lithe squirrels darted here and there,
And wild birds filled the echoing air
With songs of Liberty!
On him alone was the doom of pain,
From the morning of his birth;
On him alone the curse of Cain
Fell, like a flail on the garnered grain,
And struck him to the earth!

THE SLAVE SINGING AT MIDNIGHT.

Loud he sang the psalm of David!
He, a Negro and enslaved,
Sang of Israel's victory,
Sang of Zion, bright and free.
In that hour, when night is calmest,
Sang he from the Hebrew Psalmist,
In a voice so sweet and clear
That I could not choose but hear,
Songs of triumph, and ascriptions,
Such as reached the swart Egyptians,
When upon the Red Sea coast
Perished Pharaoh and his host.
And the voice of his devotion
Filled my soul with strange emotion;
For its tones by turns were glad,
Sweetly solemn, wildly sad.
Paul and Silas, in their prison,
Sang of
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Christ, the Lord arisen,
And an earthquake's arm of might
Broke their dungeon-gates at night.
But, alas! what holy angel
Brings the Slave this glad evangel?
And what earthquake's arm of might
Breaks his dungeon-gates at night?

THE WITNESSES.

In Ocean's wide domains,
Half buried in the sands,
Lie skeletons in chains,
With shackled feet and hands.
Beyond the fall of dews,
Deeper than plummet lies,
Float ships, with all their crews,
No more to sink or rise.
There the black Slave-ship swims,
Freighted with human forms,
Whose fettered, fleshless limbs
Are not the sport of storms.
These are the bones of Slaves;
They gleam from the abyss;
They cry, from yawning waves,
"We are the Witnesses!"
Within Earth's wide domains
Are markets for men's lives;
Their necks are galled with chains,
Their wrists are cramped with gyves.
Dead bodies, that the kite
In deserts makes its prey;
Murders, that with affright
Scare schoolboys from their play!
All evil thoughts and deeds;
Anger, and lust, and pride;
The foulest, rankest weeds,
That choke Life's groaning tide!
These are the woes of Slaves;
They glare from the abyss;
They cry, from unknown graves,
"We are the Witnesses!"

THE QUADROON GIRL.

The Slaver in the broad lagoon
Lay moored with idle sail;
He waited for the rising moon,
And for the evening gale.
Under the shore his boat was tied,
And all her listless crew
Watched the gray alligator slide
Into the still bayou.
Odors of orange-flowers, and spice.
Reached them from time to time,
Like airs that breathe from Paradise
Upon a world of crime.
The Planter, under his roof of thatch,
Smoked thoughtfully and slow;
The Slaver's thumb was on the latch,
He seemed in haste
Page 6
to go.
He said, "My ship at anchor rides
In yonder broad lagoon;
I only wait the evening tides,
And the rising of the moon."
Before them, with her face upraised,
In timid attitude,
Like one half curious, half amazed,
A Quadroon maiden stood.
Her eyes were, like a falcon's, gray,
Her arms and neck were bare;
No garment she wore save a kirtle gay,
And her own long, raven hair.
And on her lips there played a smile
As holy, meek, and faint,
As lights in some cathedral aisle
The features of a saint.
"The soil is barren,—the farm is old;"
The thoughtful Planter said;
Then looked upon the Slaver's gold,
And then upon the maid.
His heart within him was at strife
With such accursed gains;
For he knew whose passions gave her life,
Whose blood ran in her veins.
But the voice of nature was too weak;
He took the glittering gold!
Then pale as death grew the maiden's cheek,
Her hands as icy cold.
The Slaver led her from the door,
He led her by the hand,
To be his slave and paramour
In a strange and distant land!

THE WARNING.

Beware! The Israelite of old, who tore
The lion in his path,—when, poor and blind,
He saw the blessed light of heaven no more,
Shorn of his noble strength and forced to grind
In prison, and at last led forth to be
A pander to Philistine revelry,—
Upon the pillars of the temple laid
His desperate hands, and in its overthrow
Destroyed himself, and with him those who made
A cruel mockery of his sightless woe;
The poor, blind Slave, the scoff and jest of all,
Expired, and thousands perished in the fall!
There is a poor, blind Samson in this land,
Shorn of his strength, and bound in bonds of steel,
Who may, in some grim revel, raise his hand,
And shake the pillars of this Commonweal,
Till the vast Temple of our liberties
A shapeless mass of wreck and rubbish lies.

END.

WORKS

PUBLISHED BY JOHN OWEN,
CAMBRIDGE.

I.

Page 7
class="spacious">VOICES OF THE NIGHT.

BY

HENRY WADSWORTH LONGFELLOW.

6th Edition.  16mo.  Boards.

II.

THE SAME.

Royal 8vo.  Fine paper.  Boards.

III.

BALLADS AND OTHER POEMS.

BY

HENRY WADSWORTH LONGFELLOW,

AUTHOR OF "VOICES OF THE NIGHT," "HYPERION," ETC.

4th Edition.  16mo.  Boards.

IV.

THE SAME.

Royal 8vo.  Fine paper.  Boards.

V.

THE
HISTORY
OF
HARVARD UNIVERSITY.

By JOSIAH QUINCY, LL. D.,
PRESIDENT OF THE UNIVERSITY.

2 Vols.  Royal 8vo.  Cloth.  21 Engravings.

VI.

AN INQUIRY
INTO THE
FOUNDATION, EVIDENCES, AND TRUTHS
OF
RELIGION.

By HENRY WARE, D. D.,
LATE HOLLIS PROFESSOR OF DIVINITY IN HARVARD COLLEGE.

2 Vols.  12mo.  Cloth.

VII.

THE CLOUDS OF ARISTOPHANES.
WITH NOTES.

By C. C. FELTON,
ELIOT PROFESSOR OF GREEK LITERATURE IN HARVARD UNIVERSITY.

12mo.  Cloth.

VIII.

PROF. LIEBIG'S REPORT ON ORGANIC CHEMISTRY.

PART I. AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY.

CHEMISTRY
IN ITS
APPLICATION TO AGRICULTURE AND PHYSIOLOGY.

BY

JUSTUS LIEBIG, M.D., Ph.D., F.R.S., M.R.I.A.,
PROFESSOR OF CHEMISTRY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF GIESSEN, ETC.

EDITED FROM THE MANUSCRIPT OF THE AUTHOR,
By LYON PLAYFAIR, Ph.D.
WITH VERY NUMEROUS ADDITIONS, AND A NEW CHAPTER ON SOILS.

THIRD AMERICAN, FROM THE SECOND ENGLISH EDITION,
WITH NOTES AND APPENDIX,

By JOHN W. WEBSTER, M.D.,

ERVING PROFESSOR OF CHEMISTRY IN HARVARD UNIVERSITY.

12mo.   Cloth.

IX.

PART II. ANIMAL CHEMISTRY.

ANIMAL CHEMISTRY,
OR ORGANIC CHEMISTRY IN ITS
APPLICATION TO PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY.

BY

JUSTUS LIEBIG, M.D., Ph.D., F.R.S, M.R.I.A.,
PROFESSOR OF CHEMISTRY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF GIESSEN, ETC.

EDITED FROM THE AUTHOR'S MANUSCRIPT,
By WILLIAM GREGORY, M.D., F.R.S.E., M.R.I.A.,
PROFESSOR OF MEDICINE AND CHEMISTRY IN THE UNIVERSITY AND KING'S COLLEGE, ABERDEEN.

WITH ADDITIONS, NOTES, AND CORRECTIONS,
By Dr. GREGORY,
AND OTHERS
By JOHN W. WEBSTER, M.D.,
ERVING PROFESSOR OF CHEMISTRY IN HARVARD UNIVERSITY.

12mo.   Cloth.

X.

A NARRATIVE OF VOYAGESL
AND
COMMERCIAL ENTERPRISES.

By RICHARD J. CLEVELAND.

2 Vols.   12mo.   Cloth.

XI.

LECTURES ON MODERN HISTORY,
FROM
THE IRRUPTION OF THE NORTHERN NATIONS
TO

Page 8
THE
CLOSE OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION.

By WILLIAM SMYTH,
PROFESSOR OF MODERN HISTORY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE.

FROM THE SECOND LONDON EDITION,
WITH A PREFACE, LIST OF BOOKS ON AMERICAN HISTORY, &c.,

By JARED SPARKS, LL. D.,
PROFESSOR OF ANCIENT AND MODERN HISTORY IN HARVARD UNIVERSITY.

2 Vols.  8vo.  Cloth.

XII.

HENRY OF OFTERDINGEN:

A ROMANCE.
FROM THE GERMAN OF
NOVALIS (FRIEDRICH von HARDENBERG).

12mo.  Cloth.

WORKS IN PRESS.

I.

A TREATISE ON MINERALOGY,

ON THE BASIS OF THOMSON'S OUTLINES,
WITH NUMEROUS ADDITIONS;

COMPRISING
THE DESCRIPTION OF ALL THE NEW AMERICAN AND FOREIGN MINERALS, THEIR LOCALITIES, &c.

DESIGNED AS A TEXT-BOOK FOR STUDENTS, TRAVELLERS, AND PERSONS ATTENDING LECTURES ON THE SCIENCE.

By JOHN W. WEBSTER, M.D.,
ERVING PROFESSOR OF CHEMISTRY AND MINERALOGY IN HARVARD UNIVERSITY.

8vo.

II.

THE EVIDENCES
OF THE
GENUINENESS OF THE GOSPELS.

By ANDREWS NORTON.

Vols. II. & III.
BEING THE COMPLETION OF THE WORK.

8vo.

III.

THE SPANISH STUDENT.

A DRAMA: IN THREE ACTS.

BY

HENRY WADSWORTH LONGFELLOW,
AUTHOR OF "VOICES OF THE NIGHT," "HYPERION," ETC.

l6mo.