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The History of the Nineteenth Century in Caricature
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The History of the Nineteenth Century in Caricature

by Maurice Arthur Bartlett

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Page 1

THE HISTORY OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY IN CARICATURE

THE HISTORY
OF THE
NINETEENTH CENTURY
IN CARICATURE

BY

ARTHUR BARTLETT MAURICE
and
FREDERIC TABER COOPER

PROFUSELY ILLUSTRATED

LONDON
GRANT RICHARDS
1904

Copyright, 1903, 1904
By DODD, MEAD AND COMPANY

BURR PRINTING HOUSE
NEW YORK

CONTENTS

  • CHAPTERPAGE

PART I. THE NAPOLEONIC ERA

  • The Beginning of Political Caricature 1
  • Hogarth and his Times 12
  • James Gillray 19
  • Bonaparte As First Consul 28
  • The Emperor at his Apogee 35
  • Napoleon's Waning Power 44

PART II. FROM WATERLOO THROUGH THE CRIMEAN WAR

  • After the Downfall 57
  • The "Poire" 65
  • The Baiting of Louis-Phillipe 73
  • Mayeux and Robert Macaire 90
  • From Cruikshank to Leech 97
  • The Beginning of Punch 101
  • Retrospective 111
  • '48 and the Coup d'État 119
  • The Struggle in the Crimea 128

PART III. THE CIVIL AND FRANCO-PRUSSIAN WARS

  • The Mexican War and Slavery 143
  • Neglected Opportunities 159
  • The South Secedes 166
  • The Four Years' Struggle 175
  • Nations and Men in Caricature 188
  • The Outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War 197
  • The Débâcle 206

PART IV. THE END OF THE CENTURY

  • The Evolution of American Caricature 231
  • The Third French Republic 236
  • General European Affairs 245
  • Thomas Nast 255
  • The American Political Campaigns of 1880 and 1884 269
  • The Influence of Journalism 278
  • Years of Turbulence
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  • American Parties and Platforms 309
  • The Spanish-American War 330
  • The Boer War and the Dreyfus Case 342
  • The Men of To-day 355

    • LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

    •  PAGE
    • What It Is and What Is It? Frontispiece
    • French Invasion of England 3
    • Nelson at the Battle of the Nile (Gillray) 5
    • Bonaparte after Landing (Gillray) 6
    • John Bull Taking a Luncheon (Gillray) 8
    • French Consular Triumvirate (Gillray) 11
    • Capture of the Danish Ships (Gillray) 14
    • The Broad-Bottom Administration (Gillray) 16
    • Pacific Overtures (Gillray) 19
    • The Great Coronation Procession (Gillray) 21
    • Napoleon and Pitt (Gillray) 23
    • Armed Heroes (Gillray) 25
    • The Handwriting on the Wall (Gillray) 27
    • The Double-Faced Napoleon (German cartoon) 29
    • The Two Kings of Terror (Rowlandson) 31
    • The King of Brobdingnag and Gulliver (Gillray) 33
    • Napoleon's Burden (German cartoon) 36
    • The French Gingerbread Baker (Gillray) 38
    • The Devil and Napoleon (French cartoon) 39
    • The Consultation (French cartoon) 41
    • The Corsican Top in Full Flight 45
    • Napoleon in the Valley of the Shadow of Death (Gillray) 47
    • The Spider's Web (Volk) 48
    • The Partition of the Map 49
    • Napoleon's Plight (French cartoon) 50
    • The Signature of Abdication (Cruikshank) 52
    • The Allies' Oven (French cartoon) 54
    • The New Robinson Crusoe (German cartoon) 55
    • Napoleon Caged (French cartoon) 56
    • Restitution 58
    • Adjusting the Balance
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    class="pginternal" tag="{http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml}a">60
  • John Bull's New Batch of Ships (Charles) 62
  • Russia as Mediator (Charles) 63
  • The Cossack Bite (Charles) 63
  • John Bull and the Alexandrians (Charles) 64
  • John Bull's Troubles (Charles) 64
  • The Order of the Extinguishers (French cartoon) 67
  • Proudhon 68
  • Digging the Grave 69
  • Le Poire (Philipon) 70
  • The Pious Monarch 74
  • The Great Nut-Cracker 75
  • Enfoncé Lafayette (Daumier) 77
  • The Ship of State in Peril 79
  • The Pit of Taxation (Grandville) 81
  • The Question of Divorce (Daumier) 83
  • The Resuscitation (Grandville) 84
  • Louis Philippe as Bluebeard (Grandville) 85
  • Barbarism and Cholera Invading 89
  • The Raid 89
  • Mayeux (Traviès) 91
  • Robert Macaire (Daumier) 93
  • Extinguished! 94
  • Louis Philippe as Cain 95
  • Laughing John—Crying John 96
  • The Wellington Boot 99
  • The Land of Liberty 103
  • England's Admonition (Leech) 104
  • The Napoleon of Peace 105
  • The Sea-Serpent of 1848 107
  • Europe in 1830 109
  • Honoré Daumier (Benjamin) 112
  • The Evolution of John Bull 115
  • Joseph Prudhomme (Daumier) 116
  • The Only Authorised Lamps (Vernier) 120
  • Italian Cartoon of '48 121
  • Napoleon le Petit (Vernier) 122
  • The New Siamese Twins 123
  • Louis Napoleon and Madame France
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  • The Proclamation (Gill) 125
  • Split Crow in the Crimea 126
  • Bursting of the Russian Bubble 130
  • General Février Turned Traitor (Leech) 131
  • Rochefort and His Lantern 133
  • Brothers in Arms 134
  • An American Cartoon on the Crimean War 136
  • Theatrical Programme 138
  • The British Lion's Vengeance (Tenniel) 139
  • The French Porcupine (Leech) 141
  • Bank-Oh's Ghost, 1837 144
  • Balaam and Balaam's Ass 144
  • New Map of the United States 145
  • The Steeplechase for 1844 147
  • Uncle Sam's Taylorifics 150
  • The Mexican Commander 151
  • Defense of the California Bank 153
  • The Presidential Foot Race 153
  • Presidential Campaign of '56 154
  • No Higher Law 155
  • The Fugitive Slave Law 157
  • The Great Disunion Serpent 158
  • Rough and Ready Locomotive Against the Field 160
  • Sauce for Goose and Gander 162
  • Peace (Nast) 164
  • Virginia Pausing 166
  • Civil War Envelopes 167
  • Long Abe 168
  • The Promissory Note 169
  • The Great Tight Rope Feat 170
  • At the Throttle 171
  • The Expert Bartender 172
  • The Southern Confederacy a Fact 173
  • The Brighter Prospect 174
  • "Why Don't you Take It?" 175
  • The Old Bull Dog on the Right Track 176
  • Little Mac in his Great Act 178
  • The Grave of the Union
    • Page 5
    180
  • The Abolition Catastrophe 181
  • The Blockade 182
  • Miscegenation 183
  • The Confederacy in Petticoats 184
  • Uncle Sam's Menagerie 185
  • Protecting Free Ballot 186
  • The Nation at Lincoln's Bier (Tenniel) 187
  • Figures from a Triumph 189
  • The Diagnosis (Cham) 190
  • The Egerean Nymph (Daumier) 191
  • Paul and Virginia (Gill) 192
  • The First Conscript of France (Gill) 193
  • The Situation (Gill) 195
  • Louis Blanc (Gill) 197
  • Rival Arbiters (Tenniel) 198
  • The Man Who Laughs (Gill) 199
  • The Man Who Thinks (Gill) 200
  • "To Be or Not to Be" (Gill) 201
  • Achilles in Retreat (Gill) 202
  • The President of Rhodes (Daumier) 203
  • A Tempest in a Glass of Water (Gill) 204
  • A Duel to the Death (Tenniel) 205
  • September 4th, 1870 206
  • Her Baptism of Fire (Tenniel) 207
  • André Gill 208
  • The Marquis de Galliffet (Willette) 209
  • The History of a Reign (Daumier) 210
  • "This has Killed That" (Daumier) 211
  • The Mousetrap and its Victims (Daumier) 211
  • Prussia Annexes Alsace (Cham) 213
  • Britannia's Sympathy (Cham) 214
  • Adieu (Cham) 215
  • Souvenirs and Regrets (Aranda) 216
  • The Napoleon Mountebanks (Hadol) 217
  • Prussia Introducing the New Assembly (Daumier) 219
  • "Let us Eat the Prussian" (Gill) 220
  • Design for a New Handbell (Daumier)
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  • Germany's Farewell 223
  • Bismarck the First 224
  • Trochu—1870 225
  • Marshal Bazaine (Faustin) 226
  • Rochefort 227
  • The German Emperor Enters Paris (Régamey) 228
  • Caran D'Ache 232
  • Gulliver Crispi 233
  • Changing the Map (Gill) 234
  • Poor France! (Daumier) 237
  • The Warning (Daumier) 238
  • The New Year (Daumier) 239
  • The Root of all Evil 240
  • The Napoleonic Drama 241
  • The French Political Situation (Régamey) 243
  • New Crowns for Old 245
  • Tightening the Grip 246
  • Aeolus 247
  • "L'État, C'est Moi" 248
  • The Hidden Hand 249
  • The Irish Frankenstein 250
  • The Daring Duckling 251
  • Settling the Alabama Claims 252
  • Gordon Waiting at Khartoum 253
  • The Gratz Brown Tag to Greeley's Coat (Nast) 256
  • Thomas Nast 257
  • Labour Cap and Dinner Pail (Nast) 259
  • The Rag Baby (Nast) 260
  • The Inflation Donkey (Nast) 261
  • The Brains of Tammany (Nast) 262
  • A Popular Verdict 263
  • The Tattooed Columbia (Keppler) 264
  • Splitting the Party 265
  • The Headless Candidates 266
  • On the Down Grade 267
  • Forbidding the Banns (Keppler) 270
  • The Wake (Keppler) 272
  • A Common Sorrow 273
    • Page 7
  • Why They Dislike Him 274
  • The First Tattooed Man (Gillam) 275
  • A German Idea of Irish Home Rule 279
  • The New National Sexton 280
  • Horatius Cleveland 281
  • Bernard Gillam 282
  • Joseph Keppler 283
  • The John Bull Octopus 285
  • The Hand of Anarchy 286
  • The Triple Alliance 287
  • A Present-Day Lesson 290
  • Gordon in Khartoum 291
  • The Spurious Parnell Letters 291
  • Dropping the Pilot (Tenniel) 292
  • L'Enfant Terrible 293
  • William Bluebeard 294
  • Chinese Native Cartoon 295
  • Japan in Corea 296
  • Business at the Deathbed 297
  • The Start for the China Cup 297
  • End of the Chinese-Japanese War 298
  • The Chinese Exclusion Act 299
  • The Great Republican Circus (Opper) 300
  • To the Rescue 301
  • A Pilgrim's Progress 302
  • General Boulanger 303
  • The Hague Peace Conference 303
  • A Fixture 304
  • Group of Modern French Caricaturists 305
  • The Anglo-French War Barometer 307
  • Rip Van Winkle Awakes 310
  • They're Off 311
  • Where am I at? (Gillam) 312
  • The Political Columbus (Gillam) 314
  • Cleveland's Map of the United States (Gillam) 315
  • Return of the Southern Flags (Gillam) 317
  • The Champion Masher (Gillam) 319
  • The Harrison Platform (Keppler) 320
  • The
    • Page 8
    Chilian Affair 322
  • A Political Tam O'Shanter (Gillam) 324
  • Don Quixote Bryan and the Windmill (Victor Gillam) 325
  • Outing of the Anarchists 326
  • To the Death 327
  • The Great Weyler Ape 328
  • We are the People 329
  • Be Careful! It's Loaded (Victor Gillam) 331
  • The Safety Valve 333
  • The Latest War Bulletin (Hamilton) 334
  • Spanish Cartoons of the Spanish-American War 335
  • The Spanish Brute (Hamilton) 337
  • Spanish Cartoons of the Spanish-American War 339
  • The Rhodes Colossus (Sambourne) 342
  • The Situation in South Africa (Gillam) 343
  • Bloody Cartography 344
  • Lady Macbeth 345
  • The Flying Dutchman 346
  • Oom Paul's Favorite Pastime 347
  • Up against the Breastworks 348
  • The Napoleon of South Africa 349
  • Fire! 350
  • The Last Phase of the Dreyfus Case 350
  • Toward Freedom 351
  • The French General's Staff 352
  • Between Scylla and Charybdis 353
  • Devil's Island 354
  • C. G. Bush 356
  • Willie and His Papa (Opper) 357
  • Homer Davenport 359
  • Davenport's Conception of the Trusts 361