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The Tribes and Castes of the Central Provinces of India
By
R.V. Russell
Of the Indian Civil Service Superintendent of Ethnography, Central Provinces
Assisted by
Rai Bahadur Hira Lāl
Extra Assistant Commissioner
Published Under the Orders of the Central Provinces Administration
In Four Volumes
Vol. II.
Macmillan and Co., Limited St. Martin’s Street, London.
1916
Contents of Volume II
Articles on Castes and Tribes of the Central Provinces in Alphabetical Order
The articles which are considered to be of most general interest are shown in capitals
- Agaria (Iron-worker) 3
- Agharia (Cultivator) 8
- Aghori (Religious mendicant) 13
- Ahīr (Herdsman and milkman) 18
- Andh (Tribe, now cultivators) 38
- Arakh (Hunter) 40
- Atāri (Scent-seller) 42
- Audhelia (Labourer) 45
- Badhak (Robber) 49
- Bahna (Cotton-cleaner) 69
- Baiga (Forest tribe) 77
- Bairāgi (Religious mendicants) 93
- Balāhi (Labourer and village watchman) 105
- Balija (Cultivator) 108
- Bania (Merchant and
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moneylender) 111 Subcastes of Bania Banjāra (Pack-carrier) 162 Barai (Betel-vine grower and seller) 192
- Agarwāla.
- Agrahari.
- Ajudhiabāsi.
- Asāthi.
- Charnāgri.
- Dhūsar.
- Dosar.
- Gahoi.
- Golapūrab.
- Kasarwāni.
- Kasaundhan.
- Khandelwāl.
- Lād.
- Lingāyat.
- Maheshri.
- Nema.
- Oswāl.
- Parwār.
- Srimāli.
- Umre.
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href="@public@vhost@g@gutenberg@html@files@22010@[email protected]#d0e5651" class="pginternal" tag="{http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml}a">Barhai (Carpenter) 199 Bāri (Maker of leaf-plates) 202 Basdewa (Cattle-dealer and religious mendicant) 204 Basor (Bamboo-worker) 208 Bedar (Soldier and public service) 212 Beldār (Digger and navvy) 215 Beria (Vagabond gipsy) 220 Bhaina (Forest tribe) 225 Bhāmta (Criminal tribe and labourers) 234 Bharbhūnja (Grain-parcher) 238 Bharia (Forest tribe) 242 Bhat (Bard and genealogist) 251 Bhatra (Forest tribe) 271 Bhil (Forest tribe) 278 Bhilāla (Landowner and cultivator) 293 Bhishti (Water-man) 298 Bhoyar (Cultivator) 301 Bhuiya (Forest tribe) 305 Bhulia (Weaver) 319 Bhunjia (Forest tribe) 322
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tag="{http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml}a">Binjhwār (Cultivator) 329 Bishnoi (Cultivator) 337 Bohra (Trader) 345 Brāhman (Priest) 351 Subcastes of Brāhman Chadār (Village watchman and labourer) 400 Chamār (Tanner and labourer) 403 Chasa (Cultivator) 424 Chauhān (Village watchman and labourer) 427 Chhīpa (Dyer and calico-printer) 429
- Ahivāsi.
- Jijhotia.
- Kanaujia, Kanyakubja.
- Khedāwāl.
- Mahārāshtra.
- Maithil.
- Mālwi.
- Nāgar.
- Naramdeo.
- Sanādhya.
- Sarwaria.
- Utkal.
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tag="{http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml}a">Chitāri (Painter) 432 Chitrakathi (Picture showman) 438 Cutchi (Trader and shopkeeper) 440 Dahāit (Village watchman and labourer) 444 Daharia (Cultivator) 453 Dāngi (Landowner and cultivator) 457 Dāngri (Vegetable-grower) 463 Darzi (Tailor) 466 Dewār (Beggar and musician) 472 Dhākar (Illegitimate, cultivator) 477 Dhangar (Shepherd) 480 Dhānuk (Bowman, labourer) 484 Dhanwār (Forest tribe) 488 Dhīmar (Fisherman, water-carrier, and household servant) 502 Dhoba (Forest tribe, cultivator) 515 Dhobi (Washerman) 519 Dhuri (Grain-parcher) 527 Dumāl (Cultivator) 530 Fakīr (Religious mendicant) 537
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Illustrations in Volume II
- 31. Aghori mendicant 14
- 32. Ahīrs decorated with cowries for the Stick Dance at Diwāli 18
- 33. Image of Krishna as Murlidhar or the flute-player, with attendant deities 28
- 34. Ahīr dancers in Diwāli costume 32
- 35. Pinjāra cleaning cotton 72
- 36. Baiga village, Bālāghāt District 88
- 37. Hindu mendicants with sect-marks 94
- 38. Anchorite sitting on iron nails 98
- 39. Pilgrims carrying water of the river Nerbudda 100
- 40. Coloured Plate: Examples of Tilaks or sect-marks worn on the forehead 102
- 41. Group of Mārwāri Bania women 112
- 42. Image of the god Ganpati carried in procession 116
- 43. The elephant-headed god Ganpati. His conveyance is a rat, which can be seen as a little blob between his feet 120
- 44. Mud images made and worshipped at the Holi festival 126
- 45. Bania’s shop 128
- 46. Banjāra women with the singh or horn 184
- 47. Group of Banjāra women 188
- 48. Basors making baskets of bamboo 210
- 49. Bhāt with his putla or doll 256
- 50.
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href="@public@vhost@g@gutenberg@html@files@22010@[email protected]#d0e7727" class="pginternal" tag="{http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml}a">Group of Bhīls 278 51. Tantia Bhīl, a famous dacoit 282 52. Group of Bohras at Burhānpur (Nimār) 346 53. Brāhman worshipping his household gods 380 54. Brāhman bathing party 384 55. Brāhman Pujāris or priests 390 56. Group of Marātha Brāhman men 392 57. Group of Nāramdeo Brāhman women 396 58. Group of Nāramdeo Brāhman men 398 59. Chamārs tanning and working in leather 416 60. Chamārs cutting leather and making shoes 418 61. Chhīpa or calico-printer at work 430 62. Dhīmar or fisherman’s hut 502 63. Fishermen in dug-outs or hollowed tree trunks 506 64. Group of Gurujwāle Fakīrs 538
Pronunciation
a, has the sound of u in but or murmur. ā has the sound of a in bath or tar. e has the sound of é in écarté or ai in maid. i has the sound of i in bit, or (as a final letter) of y in sulky. ī has the sound of ee in beet. o has the sound of o in bore or
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bowl. u has the sound of u in put or bull. ū has the sound of oo in poor or boot
The plural of caste names and a few common Hindustāni words is formed by adding s in the English manner according to ordinary usage, though this is not, of course, the Hindustāni plural.
Note.—The rupee contains 16 annas, and an anna is of the same value as a penny. A pice is a quarter of an anna, or a farthing. Rs. 1–8 signifies one rupee and eight annas. A lakh is a hundred thousand, and a krore ten million.