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The Tribes and Castes
of the
Central Provinces of India
The Tribes and Castes of the Central Provinces of India
By
R.V. Russell
Of the Indian Civil Service Superintendent of Ethnography, Central Provinces
Assisted by
Rai Bahādur Hīra Lāl
Extra Assistant Commissioner
R.V. Russell
Of the Indian Civil Service Superintendent of Ethnography, Central Provinces
Assisted by
Rai Bahādur Hīra Lāl
Extra Assistant Commissioner
Published Under the Orders of the Central Provinces Administration
In Four Volumes
Vol. III.
Macmillan and Co., Limited St. Martin’s Street, London.
1916
In Four Volumes
Vol. III.
Macmillan and Co., Limited St. Martin’s Street, London.
1916
Contents of Volume III
Articles on Castes and Tribes of the Central Provinces in Alphabetical Order
The articles which are considered to be of most general interest are shown in capitals
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- Gadaria (Shepherd) 3
- Gadba (Forest tribe) 9
- Gānda (Weaver and labourer) 14
- Gandhmāli (Uriya village priests and temple servants) 17
- Gārpagāri (Averter of hailstorms) 19
- Gauria (Snake-charmer and juggler) 24
- Ghasia (Grass-cutter) 27
- Ghosi (Buffalo-herdsman) 32
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href="@public@vhost@g@gutenberg@html@files@41424@[email protected]#golar" id="xd21e263" class="pginternal" tag="{http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml}a">Golar (Herdsman) 35 Gond (Forest tribe and cultivator) 39 Gond-Gowāri (Herdsman) 143 Gondhali (Religious mendicant) 144 Gopāl (Vagrant criminal caste) 147 Gosain (Religious mendicant) 150 Gowāri (Herdsman) 160 Gūjar (Cultivator) 166 Gurao (Village priest) 175 Halba (Forest tribe, labourer) 182 Halwai (Confectioner) 201 Hatkar (Soldier, shepherd) 204 Hijra (Eunuch, mendicant) 206 Holia (Labourer, curing hides) 212 Injhwār (Boatman and fisherman) 213 Jādam (Cultivator)
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217 Jādua (Criminal caste) 219 Jangam (Priest of the Lingāyat sect) 222 Jāt (Landowner and cultivator) 225 Jhādi Telenga (Illegitimate, labourer) 238 Jogi (Religious mendicant and pedlar) 243 Joshi (Astrologer and village priest) 255 Julāha (Weaver) 279 Kachera (Maker of glass bangles) 281 Kāchhi (Vegetable-grower) 285 Kadera (Firework-maker) 288 Kahār (Palanquin-bearer and household servant) 291 Kaikāri (Basket-maker and vagrant) 296 Kalanga (Soldier, cultivator) 302 Kalār (Liquor vendor) 306 Kamār (Forest tribe) 323
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class="pginternal" tag="{http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml}a">Kanjar (Gipsies and prostitutes) 331 Kāpewār (Cultivator) 342 Karan (Writer and clerk) 343 Kasai (Butcher) 346 Kasār (Worker in brass) 369 Kasbi (Prostitute) 373 Katia (Cotton-spinner) 384 Kawar (Forest tribe and cultivator) 389 Kāyasth (Village accountant, writer and clerk) 404 Kewat (Boatman and fisherman) 422 Khairwār (Forest tribe; boilers of catechu) 427 Khandait (Soldier, cultivator) 436 Khangār (Village watchman and labourer) 439 Kharia (Forest tribe, labourer) 445 Khatīk (Mutton-butcher) 453 Khatri (Merchant) 456
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href="@public@vhost@g@gutenberg@html@files@41424@[email protected]#khojah" id="xd21e751" class="pginternal" tag="{http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml}a">Khojāh (Trader and shopkeeper) 461 Khond (Forest tribe, cultivator) 464 Kīr (Cultivator) 481 Kirār (Cultivator) 485 Kohli (Cultivator) 493 Kol (Forest tribe, labourer) 500 Kolām (Forest tribe, cultivator) 520 Kolhāti (Acrobat) 527 Koli (Forest tribe, cultivator) 532 Kolta (Landowner and cultivator) 537 Komti (Merchant and shopkeeper) 542 Kori (Weaver and labourer) 545 Korku (Forest tribe, labourer) 550 Korwa (Forest tribe, cultivator) 571 Koshti (Weaver) 581
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Illustrations in Volume III
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- 65. Gond women grinding corn 42
- 66. Palace of the Gond kings of Garha-Mandla at Rāmnagar 46
- 67. Gonds on a journey 62
- 68. Killing of Rāwan, the demon king of Ceylon, from whom the Gonds are supposed to be descended 114
- 69. Woman about to be swung round the post called Meghnāth 116
- 70. Climbing the pole for a bag of sugar 118
- 71. Gonds with their bamboo carts at market 122
- 72. Gond women, showing tattooing on backs of legs 126
- 73. Māria Gonds in dancing costume 136
- 74. Gondhali musicians and dancers 144
- 75. Gosain mendicant 150
- 76. Alakhwāle Gosains with faces covered with ashes 152
- 77. Gosain mendicants with long hair 154
- 78. Famous Gosain Mahant. Photograph taken after death 156
- 79. Gūjar village proprietress and her land agent 168
- 80. Guraos with figures made at the Holi festival called Gangour
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176 81. Group of Gurao musicians with their instruments 180 82. Ploughing with cows and buffaloes in Chhattīsgarh 182 83. Halwai or confectioner’s shop 202 84. Jogi mendicants of the Kanphata sect 244 85. Jogi musicians with sārangi or fiddle 250 86. Kaikaris making baskets 298 87. Kanjars making ropes 332 88. A group of Kasārs or brass-workers 370 89. Dancing girls and musicians 374 90. Girl in full dress and ornaments 378 91. Old type of sugarcane mill 494 92. Group of Kol women 512 93. Group of Kōlams 520 94. Korkus of the Melghāt hills 550 95. Korku women in full dress 556 96. Koshti men dancing a figure, holding strings and beating sticks 582
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Pronunciation
a has the sound of u in but or murmur. ā has the sound of a in bath or tar. e has the sound of é in écarté or ai in maid. i has the sound of i in bit, or (as a final letter) of y in sulky. ī has the sound of ee in beet. o has the sound of o in bore or bowl. u has the sound of u in put or bull. ū has the sound of oo in poor or boot
The plural of caste names and a few common Hindustāni words is formed by adding s in the English manner according to ordinary usage, though this is not, of course, the Hindustāni plural.
Note.—The rupee contains 16 annas, and an anna is of the same value as a penny. A pice is a quarter of an anna, or a farthing. Rs. 1–8 signifies one rupee and eight annas. A lakh is a hundred thousand, and a krore ten million.